Systems and methods for monitoring patient motion during a medical procedure

1. A method of controlling an elongate instrument during a medical procedure involving motion of the elongate instrument relative to a patient, the method comprising:

generating, by a control system, a measured model of the elongate instrument;

generating, by the control system, a predicted model of the elongate instrument, wherein the predicted model indicates an expected state of the measured model, wherein generating the predicted model comprises:

determining, by the control system, a reference pose of the elongate instrument, wherein the reference pose is based on a first set of data provided by a sensor system extending within the elongate instrument;

determining, by the control system, an insertion distance of the elongate instrument; and

combining, by the control system, data corresponding to the reference pose with data corresponding to the insertion distance to generate the predicted model of the elongate instrument;

comparing, by the control system, the measured model with the predicted model; and

determining, by the control system, whether the patient has moved relative to the elongate instrument based on the comparison.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measured model is based on a measured pose of the elongate instrument, and wherein the measured pose and the reference pose are each based on data provided by the sensor system, wherein the sensor system includes a shape sensor extending along a length of the elongate instrument.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining whether the patient has moved relative to the elongate instrument further comprises:

determining, by the control system, whether the patient has moved relative to the elongate instrument based on the comparison and a threshold associated with the comparison.

4. A medical system comprising:

an elongate instrument including a sensor system extending therein;

a control system in communication with the sensor system to measure a pose of the elongate instrument, the control system adapted to perform operations comprising:

generating a measured model of the elongate instrument;

generating a predicted model of the elongate instrument, wherein the predicted model indicates an expected state of the measured model, wherein generating the predicted model comprises:

determining a reference pose of the elongate instrument, wherein the reference pose is based on a first set of data provided by the sensor system of the elongate instrument;

determining an insertion distance of the elongate instrument; and

combining data corresponding to the reference pose with data corresponding to the insertion distance to generate the predicted model of the elongate instrument;

comparing the measured model with the predicted model; and

determining whether a patient has moved relative to the elongate instrument based on the comparison.

5. The medical system of claim 4 , wherein the elongate instrument includes a flexible component, and wherein the sensor system extends within the flexible component.

6. The medical system of claim 4 , wherein the sensor system includes a shape sensor including a fiber optic shape sensor or a plurality of electromagnetic (EM) sensors.

7. The medical system of claim 6 , wherein the measured model is based on a measured pose of the elongate instrument.

8. The medical system of claim 7 , wherein the measured pose and the reference pose are each based on shape data from the shape sensor of the sensor system of the elongate instrument.

9. The medical system of claim 8 , wherein the shape data provided by the shape sensor is received from a segment of the elongate instrument positioned in a measurement zone.

10. The medical system of claim 9 , wherein the measurement zone corresponds to a segment of an endotracheal tube or a segment of a trachea of a patient, and wherein the elongate instrument is positioned relative to the patient.

11. The medical system of claim 4 , further comprising a robotic assembly including a second sensor system disposed along the robotic assembly, wherein the elongate instrument is coupled to the robotic assembly and wherein the control system is in communication with the second sensor system.

12. The medical system of claim 11 , wherein the robotic assembly includes at least one of an insertion stage, a manipulator, or a robotic arm.

13. The medical system of claim 11 , wherein the insertion distance is measured by the second sensor system.

14. The medical system of claim 11 , wherein the second sensor system includes a rotational encoder or a linear encoder.

15. The medical system of claim 11 , further comprising an input control device, wherein the control system is in communication with the input control device and the robotic assembly to control the insertion distance of the elongate instrument and wherein the insertion distance is based on one or more commands received from the input control device.

16. The medical system of claim 4 , wherein the determining whether the patient has moved relative to the elongate instrument further comprises:

determining whether the patient has moved relative to the elongate instrument based on the comparison and a threshold associated with the comparison.

17. The medical system of claim 4 , wherein the predicted model includes a probability distribution based on a plurality of possible expected states of the elongate instrument.

18. The medical system of claim 4 , further comprising a display system for displaying a message based on the determining whether the patient has moved relative to the elongate instrument.

19. The medical system of claim 4 , wherein if a determination is made that the patient has moved relative to the elongate instrument, determining whether the patient has moved further comprises determining a type of movement of the patient.

20. The medical system of claim 4 , wherein comparing the measured model with the predicted model comprises comparing the measured model with the predicted model in a direction normal to an operating table or in a direction parallel to the operating table.