Optical device, optical module and microscope for scanning large samples

1. An optical device for illuminating a sample located in a sample volume with illumination light and for detecting scattered and/or fluorescent light from the sample, the device comprising:

an optical illumination assembly comprising one or more first lenses and configured to transmit the illumination light along an illumination path into the sample volume;

an optical detection assembly comprising a second lens that is separate from the one or more first lenses, the optical detection assembly being configured to collect and relay the scattered and/or fluorescent light from the sample volume along a detection path; and

at least one attachment disposed along the illumination path between the optical illumination assembly and the sample volume, and/or along the detection path between the optical detection assembly and the sample volume,

wherein the attachment has an input-side optical cross section and an output-side optical cross section, the input-side optical cross section being greater than the output-side optical cross section, and

wherein the illumination path and the detection path terminate at the sample volume, and the detection path and the illumination path are not collinear with respect to each other.

2. The optical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein at least the optical detection assembly is an immersion optic.

3. The optical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the attachment has at least two interfaces which are oriented substantially perpendicular to the illumination path and/or to the detection path.

4. The optical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the attachment is a deflector that deflects the illumination light and/or the scattered and/or fluorescent light.

5. The optical device as recited in claim 4 , wherein, in the deflector, a transmission path for the illumination light and/or the scattered and/or fluorescent light is oriented at an acute glancing angle with respect to a side face of the deflector, wherein conditions for total internal reflection are satisfied for the side face and the transmitted light.

6. The optical device as recited in claim 5 , wherein the side face has a reflective coating for the light.

7. The optical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the attachment is cup-shaped and opens toward the optical illumination assembly.

8. The optical device as recited in claim 7 , wherein the attachment has a transparent element toward the sample volume.

9. The optical device as recited in claim 7 , wherein the attachment is filled.

10. An optical module comprising the optical device according to claim 1 .

11. The optical module as recited in claim 10 , wherein the optical module has an entry/exit opening for, and shared by, the illumination light and the scattered and/or fluorescent light.

12. The optical module as recited in claim 10 , further comprising at least one wavelength-selective optical element which has different transmission and/or reflection properties for the illumination light that differ from the transmission and/or reflection properties for the fluorescent light.

13. A confocal microscope comprising a mechanical holding device which holds therein the optical module according to claim 10 .

14. The optical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the detection path and the illumination path are oriented substantially at an angle of 90 degrees relative to each other, and wherein the at least one attachment is only one attachment which is disposed in only one of the illumination path or the detection path.

15. The optical device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the optical illumination assembly comprises a first objective, the optical detection assembly comprises a second objective, and the attachment comprises a non-imaging optical object, and wherein the illumination path is defined by optical elements of the first objective and extends from the first objective to the sample volume, and the detection path is defined by optical elements of the second objective and extends from the second objective to the sample volume.

16. The optical device as recited in claim 15 , wherein a front of the second objective is immersed in an immersion medium that embeds the sample volume.

17. The optical device as recited in claim 16 , wherein a front of the first objective is above the immersion medium that embeds the sample volume, or is only partially immersed in the immersion medium.

18. The optical device as recited in claim 8 , wherein a surface of the transparent element toward the sample volume is immersed in an immersion medium that embeds the sample volume.

19. An optical device for illuminating a sample located in a sample volume with illumination light and for detecting scattered and/or fluorescent light from the sample, the device comprising:

an optical illumination assembly comprising one or more first lenses and configured to transmit the illumination light along an illumination path into the sample volume;

an optical detection assembly comprising a second lens that is separate from the one or more first lenses, the optical detection assembly being configured to collect and relay the scattered and/or fluorescent light from the sample volume along a detection path; and

at least one attachment disposed along the illumination path between the optical illumination assembly and the sample volume, and/or along the detection path between the optical detection assembly and the sample volume,

wherein the illumination path and the detection path terminate at the sample volume, and the detection path and the illumination path are not collinear with respect to each other,

wherein the attachment is attached to the optical illumination assembly and/or to the optical detection assembly, and

wherein the attachment has an input-side optical cross section and an output-side optical cross section, the input-side optical cross section being greater than the output-side optical cross section.

20. The optical device as recited in claim 19 , wherein the attachment has an input-side optical cross section and an output-side optical cross section, the input-side optical cross section being greater than the output-side optical cross section.

21. The optical device as recited in claim 19 , wherein the attachment is cup-shaped and opens toward the optical illumination assembly.

22. The optical device as recited in claim 19 , wherein the attachment is a deflector that deflects the illumination light and/or the scattered and/or fluorescent light.

23. An optical device for illuminating a sample located in a sample volume with illumination light and for detecting scattered and/or fluorescent light from the sample, the device comprising:

an optical illumination assembly comprising one or more first lenses and configured to transmit the illumination light along an illumination path into the sample volume;

an optical detection assembly comprising a second lens that is separate from the one or more first lenses, the optical detection assembly being configured to collect and relay the scattered and/or fluorescent light from the sample volume along a detection path; and

at least one attachment disposed along the illumination path between the optical illumination assembly and the sample volume, and/or along the detection path between the optical detection assembly and the sample volume,

wherein the illumination path and the detection path terminate at the sample volume, and the detection path and the illumination path are not collinear with respect to each other,

wherein the attachment has at least two interfaces which are oriented substantially perpendicular to the illumination path or to the detection path the attachment is disposed in, and

wherein each of the at least two interfaces of the attachment are arranged in a sequential manner with respect to each other in the respective illumination path or detection path.