Directly photo-patternable, stretchable, electrically conductive polymer
One or more embodiments relate to an electrically conductive polymer with a crosslinkable additive. The electrically conductive polymer is a directly photopatternable Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) PEDOT:PSS film with cross-linked network made of a plurality of monomers. The directly photopatternable PEDOT:PSS film PEDOT as such has a better conductivity and stretchability compared to its other counterparts. The directly photopatternable PEDOT:PSS film can further be supplemented with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) which can help with the removal of PSS. Advantageously, the PEGDA supplemented PEDOT:PSS film can exhibit a larger charge storage capacity.
1. A film comprising:
an electrically conductive polymer, wherein the electrically conductive polymer comprises poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS); and
a cross-linked network intermixed with the electrically conductive polymer, wherein the crosslinked network is of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA),
wherein a dry mass ratio of PEGDA versus PEDOT in the cross-linked network intermixed with the electrically conductive polymer is about 12% to about 65%, and
wherein the intermixing of the cross-linked network with the electrically conductive polymer is configured to cause the film to have:
an electrical conductivity of at least about 100 S/cm;
a maximum tensile strain of at least about 10%; and
a light transmittance at a wavelength of 550 nm of at least about 30%.
2. The film of claim 1 , wherein the intermixing of the cross-linked network with the electrically conductive polymer is further configured to cause the film to have a higher interfacial capacity and a lower impedance compared to a 3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPS) crosslinked poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) in a range of about 1-10 kHz.
3. The film of claim 2 , wherein the film is further configured to sense an electrocardiographic or an electromyographic signal.
4. The film of claim 3 , wherein the film further includes an Au film on which the electrically conductive polymer and intermixed cross-linked network is coated.
5. The film of claim 4 , wherein the coating has a thickness in the range of 60 nm to 928 nm.
6. The film of claim 1 , wherein the intermixing of the cross-linked network with the electrically conductive polymer is further configured to cause the film to have a current density of up to about 15 μA/cm 2 .
7. The film of claim 1 , wherein the intermixing of the cross-linked network with the electrically conductive polymer is further configured to cause the film to have a charge storage capacity of at least 1.2 mC/cm 2 .
8. The film of claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of PSS and PEDOT as characterized by an atomic ratio of sulfur (S) in PSS and PEDOT is about 1.8 or less.
9. The film of claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of PSS and PEDOT as characterized by an atomic ratio of sulfur (S) in PSS and PEDOT is about 1.3 or less.