Server and power management method

1. A server that manages a plurality of power adjustment resources electrically connectable to a power network, the server comprising:

a first determination unit that determines whether reserve of the power network is not less than a first reference value before a vehicle including a power storage starts charging of the power storage by using the power network;

a first permission unit that permits supply of electric power from the power network to the vehicle when the first determination unit determines that reserve of the power network is not less than the first reference value;

a second determination unit that determines whether electric power corresponding to charging power can be supplied to the power network by having at least one of the power adjustment resources respond to charging of the power storage when the first determination unit determines that reserve of the power network is smaller than the first reference value; and

a second permission unit that permits supply of electric power from the power network to the vehicle when the second determination unit determines that electric power can be supplied.

2. The server according to claim 1 , further comprising a third permission unit that permits supply of electric power from the power network to the vehicle upon receiving a request for early charging from a terminal of a user of the vehicle before the vehicle starts charging of the power storage by using the power network.

3. The server according to claim 2 , further comprising a fee manager that manages a fee for charging, wherein

the fee manager sets a fee for charging started by permission by the third permission unit to be higher than a fee for charging started by permission by each of the first permission unit and the second permission unit.

4. The server according to claim 1 , further comprising:

a third determination unit that determines whether reserve of the power network is not less than a second reference value smaller than the first reference value before the vehicle starts charging of the power storage by using the power network; and

a prohibition unit that prohibits supply of electric power from the power network to the vehicle when the third determination unit determines that reserve of the power network is smaller than the second reference value.

5. The server according to claim 1 , further comprising a resource control unit that

selects at least one power adjustment resource from among the plurality of power adjustment resources when the second determination unit determines that electric power cannot be supplied, and

controls the selected power adjustment resource to be in a state responsive to charging of the power storage.

6. The server according to claim 5 , wherein

the plurality of power adjustment resources include a stationary power storage and a fuel cell electric vehicle, and

the resource control unit preferentially selects the stationary power storage over the fuel cell electric vehicle.

7. The server according to claim 6 , further comprising an incentive manager that manages an incentive given to a user of a power adjustment resource that has made power adjustment of the power network, wherein

the incentive manager sets an incentive for power adjustment by using the fuel cell electric vehicle to be higher than an incentive for power adjustment by using the stationary power storage.

8. The server according to claim 1 , further comprising a charging control unit that starts charging of the power storage when the power network and the vehicle are electrically connected to each other while supply of electric power from the power network to the vehicle is permitted and controls charging power for the power storage during charging.

9. The server according to claim 8 , wherein

the charging control unit carries out control of rise of charging power for the power storage in accordance with responsiveness of the power adjustment resource that responds to charging of the power storage.

10. The server according to claim 1 , wherein

when the first determination unit receives a charging request from a terminal of a user of the vehicle, the first determination unit determines whether reserve of the power network is not less than the first reference value.

11. The server according to claim 1 , further comprising a vehicle manager that manages information on the vehicle, wherein

the information managed by the vehicle manager includes at least one of a position of the vehicle and remaining power in the power storage, and

the first determination unit predicts charging start timing based on at least one of the position of the vehicle and the remaining power in the power storage.

12. A method of managing supply and demand of a power network by using a plurality of power adjustment resources electrically connectable to the power network, the method comprising:

making first determination to determine whether reserve of the power network is not less than a first reference value before a vehicle including a power storage starts charging of the power storage by using the power network;

giving first permission to permit supply of electric power from the power network to the vehicle when it is determined in the first determination that reserve of the power network is not less than the first reference value;

making second determination to determine whether electric power corresponding to charging power can be supplied to the power network by having at least one of the power adjustment resources respond to charging of the power storage when it is determined in the first determination that reserve of the power network is smaller than the first reference value; and

giving second permission to permit supply of electric power from the power network to the vehicle when it is determined in the second determination that electric power can be supplied.