Three-wheeled electric vehicle

1. A three-wheeled electric vehicle according to EG Vehicle Class L2e-U, the three-wheeled electric vehicle comprising:

a rigid self-supporting body configured in a frame construction, wherein frame elements of the body include round profile metal tubes and hollow rectangular profiles which are welded together;

a telescopic suspension fork pivotably mounted at a front end of the body;

a front wheel;

a handle bar with various operating elements including a brake handle and an acceleration twist handle, the handle bar mounted at the telescopic suspension fork:

two rear wheels each driven by a respective electric wheel hub motor and each supported at the body by a wheel suspension,

wherein the respective electric wheel hub motor is fixed gearless at each rear wheel for electric propulsion, wherein the respective electric wheel hub motor includes an integrated motor control configured for a maximum nominal continuous power greater than 2 kW and less than 6 kW or for a maximum nominal continuous power of approximately 4 kW,

wherein each rear wheel of the two ear wheels respectively includes a rear wheel disc brake system which is actuated by a hydraulic medium pressure when the brake handle is pulled to perform a regular hydraulically actuated braking operation of the rear wheel;

a controller including data storage capability and digital data processing capability mounted on the electric vehicle which ensures that the nominal continuous power supplied by both wheel hub motors in combination does not exceed 4 kW in normal operation;

wherein the body forms a support structure in a rear vehicle portion, wherein an exchangeable transport container is supportable and securable at the support structure by a quick release fastening system,

wherein each rear wheel disc brake system includes an integrated electromechanical parking brake controlled by the controller wherein an actuation of the integrated electromechanical parking brake prevents a rotation of each rear wheel and sets a parking brake mode,

wherein the quick release fastening system includes one or ore connecting arrangements, wherein each connecting arrangement includes

a locking bar projecting outward from a base wall of the transport container, and

a locking device permanently attached at the support structure and including an adjustable blocking member,

wherein the locking device receives the locking bar of the transport container when the transport container is supported on the support structure and retains the locking bar through the adjustable blocking member that is in a locking bar retaining position where it retains the locking bar wherein the adjustable blocking member is movable from the locking bar retaining position into a locking bar release position distal from the locking bar where it releases the locking bar, and

wherein the adjustable blocking member is only movable from the locking bar retaining position into the locking bar release position when each of the rear wheels is in the parking brake mode.

2. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising:

an electromechanical parking brake switch arranged at the handle bar ( 81 ),

wherein an actuation of the electromechanical parking brake switch assisted by the controller initiates the parking brake mode or deactivates an existing parking brake mode.

3. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 2 ,

wherein the locking device includes a locking bar position sensor that detects a presence or non-presence of the locking bar at or in the locking device and generates a locking bar non-presence signal when the locking bar is not present or generates a locking bar presence signal when the locking bar is present and transmits the locking bar presence signal or the locking non-presence signal to the controller,

wherein the locking device includes a blocking member position sensor which generates a blocking member presence signal when the blocking member is in the locking bar retaining position and transmits the blocking member presence signal to the controller,

wherein the controller only deactivates an activated parking brake mode upon an actuation of the parking brake switch

when a locking bar non-presence signal is simultaneously provided to the controller, or

when a locking bar presence signal and a blocking member presence signal is simultaneously provided to the controller.

4. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising:

a locking rod slidably supported and guided on and along the support structure and including a front end portion that forms the blocking member and a rear end portion distal therefrom forming a handle arranged in an area of a rear wall of the vehicle where the handle can be gripped by an operator who mechanically hand adjusts the locking rod so that the blocking member moves into the locking bar retaining position or the locking bar release position,

wherein the locking bar includes a straight elongated square portion in which a bore is recessed orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the locking bar,

wherein the blocking member enters into the bore when the blocking member in the locking bar retaining position.

5. A three-wheeled electric vehicle according to EG Vehicle Class L2e-U, the three-wheeled electric vehicle comprising:

a rigid, self-supporting body configured in a frame construction, wherein frame elements of the body include round profile metal tubes and hollow rectangular profiles which are welded together;

a telescopic suspension fork pivotably mounted at a front end of the body;

a front wheel;

a handle bar with various operating elements including a brake handle and an acceleration twist handle, the handle bar mounted at the telescopic suspension fork;

two rear wheels, each driven by a respective electric wheel hub motor and each supported at the body by a wheel suspension,

wherein the respective electric wheel hub motor is fixed gearless at each rear wheel for electric propulsion, wherein the respective electric wheel hub motor includes an integrated motor control configured for a maximum nominal continuous power greater than 2 kW and less than 6 kW, or for a maximum nominal continuous power of approximately 4 kW,

wherein each rear wheel of the two rear wheels respectively including a rear wheel disc brake system which is actuated by a hydraulic medium pressure when the brake handle is pulled to perform a regular, hydraulically actuated braking operation of the rear wheels;

a controller including data storage capability and digital data processing capability mounted on the electric vehicle which ensures that the nominal continuous power supplied by both wheel hub motors in combination does not exceed 4 kW in normal operation,

wherein the body forms a support structure in a rear vehicle portion, wherein an optional exchangeable transport container is supportable and securable at the support structure by a quick release fastening system,

wherein each rear wheel disc brake system includes an integrated electromechanical parking brake controlled by the controller wherein an actuation of the integrated electromechanical parking brake prevents a rotation of each rear wheel and sets a parking brake mode, and

wherein the quick release fastening system includes one or more connecting arrangements, wherein each connecting arrangement

includes a locking bar projecting outward from a base wall of the transport container, and

includes a locking device permanently attached at the support structure and including an adjustable blocking member,

wherein the locking device receives the locking bar of the transport container when the transport container is supported on the support structure, and

wherein the locking device includes a first electric motor or an alternative electric motor controlled by the controller and a blocking member adjustable by the first electric motor or the alternative electric motor, wherein the blocking member is movable into a locking bar retaining position where the blocking member retains the locking bar or into to a locking bar release position distal from the locking bar where the blocking member releases the locking bar, and

wherein the controller ensures that the first electric motor or the alternative electric motor is only able to move the blocking member from the locking bar-retaining position into the locking bar-release position when each rear wheel is in the parking brake mode.

6. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 5 , further comprising:

an electromechanical parking brake switch arranged at the vehicle handle bar,

wherein an actuation of the electromechanical parking brake switch assisted by the controller initiates the parking brake mode or deactivates an existing parking brake mode.

7. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 5 , further comprising:

an electromechanical locking switch arranged at the vehicle handle bar) and switchable by an operator into a lock-on position or into a lock-off position,

wherein a switch position change is supplied to the controller as a locking-state change signal, wherein the controller thereupon activates the respective electric motor so that the respective electric motor moves the blocking member in the lock on position from the locking bar release position into the locking bar retaining position or moves the blocking member in the lock off position from the locking bar retaining position into the locking bar release position.

8. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 5 ,

wherein the locking bar includes a straight elongated square portion in which a bore is recessed orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the locking bar, and

wherein the blocking member enters into the bore when the blocking member s in the locking bar retaining position.

9. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 8 , wherein the straight elongated square portion forms an arm of a 90° degree angle piece and the locking bar includes an additional arm which is aligned parallel to a transport container base wall and fastened thereto.

10. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 5 ,

wherein the locking bar forms a straight elongated cylindrical pin, integrally formed on a mounting plate and attachable to a bottom side of a transport container base wall and including a pin enveloping surface in which a circumferential pin groove is recessed,

wherein the locking device includes a lock body including a receiving bore ( 153 ) into which the locking bar is configured to enter,

wherein the lock body includes a blocking bore which partially intersects the receiving bore and into which the blocking member is configured to enter and is displaceably guided therein, and

in the locking bar retaining position,

the locking bar is inserted into the receiving bore,

the blocking member is inserted into the blocking bore, and

a blocking member section of the blocking member occupies a common volume section in the receiving bore, in the pin groove and in the blocking bore and thus retains the locking bar in the lock body by positive form locking.

11. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 5 ,

wherein the support structure includes a paired arrangement of an upper outer longitudinal beam and an upper inner longitudinal support each extending in a vehicle longitudinal direction above each rear wheel, and

wherein a mounting plate projecting vertically towards the upper outer longitudinal beam is welded to the upper inner longitudinal beam and the lock body of the lock body is fixed at the mounting plate.

12. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 5 , wherein the alternative electric motor included in the locking device drives a spindle which displaces the blocking member.

13. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 5 , wherein the first electric motor included in the locking device includes a motor-driven shaft which pivots a lever which is pivotably coupled to the blocking member by a connecting piece.

14. Three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 10 ,

wherein the locking device includes a locking bar position sensor which detects a presence or non-presence of the locking bar in the locking position in the receiving bore in the lock body, and

in case of the non-presence of the locking bar in the locking position, the locking bar position sensor generates a locking bar non-presence signal and, or in case of the presence of the locking bar in the locking position, the locking par position sensor generates a locking bar presence signal and transmits the locking bar non-presence signal or the locking bar presence signal to the controller.

15. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 14 ,

wherein the locking device includes a blocking member position sensor,

wherein the blocking member position sensor in the presence of the blocking member in the locking bar retaining position generates a blocking member-presence signal and transmits the blocking member-presence signal to the controller.

16. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 15 , further comprising:

an electromechanical parking brake switch arranged at the vehicle handle bar,

wherein an actuation of the electromechanical parking brake switch assisted by the controller initiates the parking brake mode or deactivates an existing parking brake mode,

wherein the controller causes a deactivation of an activated parking brake mode upon an actuation of the parking brake switch by an operator only

when a locking bar non-presence signal is simultaneously provided to the controller, or

when a locking bar presence signal and a blocking member presence signal is simultaneously provided to the controller.

17. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 1 ,

wherein the brake handle is pivotably mounted at the vehicle handle bar so that pivoting the brake handle causes a two-fold braking effect,

wherein initial pivoting of the brake handle causes an actuation of an electric brake switch, which in turn generates an electric brake signal, which is supplied to the controller, which in turn generates an electric motor brake signal, which is supplied to the integrated motor control, which in turn controls each electric wheel hub motor into a motor brake mode in which vehicle motion energy is recuperatively converted into electric energy which is supplied to vehicle batteries in a motor brake mode, and

wherein further pivoting of the brake handle builds up hydraulic medium pressure, which is supplied via hydraulic medium lines to the rear wheel disc brake systems to perform a regular, hydraulically effected braking operation of the rear wheels, and

wherein actuation of a parking brake switch by the operator causes the controller to check a current vehicle speed and to activate the electromechanical parking brakes in both rear wheel disc brake systems in order to put both rear wheels into a parking brake mode in which a rotation of the rear wheels is prevented at a vehicle speed equal to/less than 2 km/h.

18. The three-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 5 ,

wherein the brake handle is pivotably mounted at the vehicle handle bar so that pivoting the brake handle causes a two-fold braking effect,

wherein initial pivoting of the brake handle causes an actuation of an electric brake switch, which in turn generates an electric brake signal, which is supplied to the controller, which in turn generates an electric motor brake signal, which is supplied to the integrated motor control, which in turn controls each electric wheel hub motor into a motor brake mode in which vehicle motion energy is recuperatively converted into electric energy which is supplied to vehicle batteries in a motor brake mode, and

wherein further pivoting of the brake handle builds up hydraulic medium pressure, which is supplied via hydraulic medium lines to the rear wheel disc brake systems to perform a regular, hydraulically effected braking operation of the rear wheels, and

wherein actuation of a parking brake switch by the operator causes the controller to check a current vehicle speed and to activate the electromechanical parking brakes in both rear wheel disc brake systems in order to put both rear wheels into a parking brake mode in which a rotation of the rear wheels is prevented at a vehicle speed equal to/less than 2 km/h.