Low linting imaged hydroentangled nonwoven composite
Hydroentangled composites having a wide variety of uses (e.g., personal hygiene articles, facers for fenestration absorbent patches on surgical drapes, facers on absorbent surgical drapes, etc.) are provided. The hydroentangled composite includes at least two nonwoven webs hydroentangled together. The hydroentangled composite may have a three-dimensional structure. Additionally, the at least two nonwoven webs may have different bonding levels and/or lint levels.
1. A process for forming a hydroentangled composite, comprising:
(a) forming a first nonwoven web and thermally bonding the first nonwoven web at a first thermal bonding energy, forming a second nonwoven web and thermally bonding the second nonwoven web at a second thermal energy, and wherein the second thermal bonding energy is at least 5% greater than the first thermal bonding energy, and wherein the first nonwoven web consists of a plurality of first individual fibers consisting of a polypropylene polymer and a hydrophilic additive and the second nonwoven web consists of a second plurality of individual fibers consisting of the polypropylene polymer and the hydrophilic additive;
(b) positioning the first nonwoven web proximate to at least one fluid jet and distal to an imaging sleeve, and positioning the second nonwoven web proximate or adjacent the imaging sleeve; and
(c) hydroentangling the first nonwoven web and the second nonwoven web together comprising applying at least one jet of fluid directly or indirectly to the first nonwoven web to impart a three-dimensional pattern onto the nonwoven material and form the hydroentangled composite;
wherein a weighted linting level (WLL) ratio between the second nonwoven web and the first nonwoven web prior to hydroentangling comprises a value of less than 0.9, and where WLL is defined as follows—
WLL=( L*BWt );
wherein (i) ‘L’ is the linting level for a given nonwoven web as determined by WSP 400.0 (05) modified by using a travel setting of 150 and a sample size of 75×425 mm in which the linting level is an average value for the first outer surface and the second outer surface (“modified WSP”), and (ii) ‘BWt’ is the basis weight of the given nonwoven web as determined by ASTM D3776; and
wherein the hydroentangled composite further comprises a linting level for the composite of 2 g/m 2 to 5 g/m 2 in which the linting level for the composite is an average value for a first outer surface of the hydroentangled composite and a second outer surface of the hydroentangled composite.
2. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising pre-entangling the first nonwoven web and the second nonwoven web together.
3. The process according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the three-dimensional pattern comprises substantially parallel ridges and depressions.
4. The process according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the three-dimensional pattern comprises a zig-zag pattern.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the hydroentangled composite comprises a lint ratio between the second nonwoven web and the first nonwoven web from about 0.1 to about 0.75; wherein lint level for a given nonwoven web is determined by WSP 400.0 (05) modified by using a travel setting of 150 and a sample size of 75×425 mm in which the linting level is an average value for the first outer surface and the second outer surface.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the hydroentangled composite has a strength factor (SF) from about 1 N/gsm to about 2 N/gsm, wherein the SF is the sum of strip tensile strengths of the hydroentangled composite in the machine direction (TS1) and cross direction (TS2) divided by a basis weight of the hydroentangled composite.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the WLL ratio comprises a value between 0.3 and 0.9.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first nonwoven web comprises a first spunbond and the second nonwoven web comprises a second spunbond.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second thermal bonding energy is from 5% to 75% greater than the first thermal bonding energy.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydroentangled composite has a basis weight from about 10 to about 90 gsm.
11. The process of claim 1 , further comprising positioning at least one meltblown layer between the first nonwoven web and the second nonwoven web prior to hydroentangling the first nonwoven web and the second nonwoven web together.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydroentangled composite has a strength factor (SF) from about 1 N/gsm to about 2 N/gsm, wherein the SF is the sum of strip tensile strengths of the hydroentangled composite in the machine direction (TS1) and cross direction (TS2) divided by a basis weight of the hydroentangled composite.
13. A process for forming a hydroentangled composite, consisting of:
(a) forming a first nonwoven web and thermally bonding the first nonwoven web at a first thermal bonding energy, forming a second nonwoven web and thermally bonding the second nonwoven web at a second thermal energy, and wherein the second thermal bonding energy is at least 5% greater than the first thermal bonding energy, and wherein the first nonwoven web consists of a plurality of first individual fibers consisting of a polypropylene polymer and a hydrophilic additive and the second nonwoven web consists of a second plurality of individual fibers consisting of the polypropylene polymer and the hydrophilic additive;
(b) positioning the first nonwoven web proximate to at least one fluid jet and distal to an imaging sleeve, and positioning the second nonwoven web proximate or adjacent the imaging sleeve; and
(c) hydroentangling the first nonwoven web and the second nonwoven web together comprising applying at least one jet of fluid directly or indirectly to the first nonwoven web to impart a three-dimensional pattern onto the nonwoven material and form the hydroentangled composite;
wherein a weighted linting level (WLL) ratio between the second nonwoven web and the first nonwoven web prior to hydroentangling comprises a value of less than 0.9, and where WLL is defined as follows—
WLL=( L*BWt );
wherein (i) ‘L’ is the linting level for a given nonwoven web as determined by WSP 400.0 (05) modified by using a travel setting of 150 and a sample size of 75×425 mm in which the linting level is an average value for the first outer surface and the second outer surface (“modified WSP”), and (ii) ‘BWt’ is the basis weight of the given nonwoven web as determined by ASTM D3776; and
wherein the hydroentangled composite further comprises a linting level for the composite of 2 g/m 2 to 5 g/m 2 in which the linting level for the composite is an average value for a first outer surface of the hydroentangled composite and a second outer surface of the hydroentangled composite.