Lean gas LNG heavies removal process using NGL
Disclosed herein are systems and processes for removing heavies during the liquefaction of a natural gas. The processes include dissolving the heavies in the natural gas by adding external natural gas liquid (NGL), followed by a staged removal of the natural gas liquid (NGL) and dissolved heavies.
1. A process comprising:
combining a natural gas feed stream having a plurality of hydrocarbons including a quantity of heavies with a first natural gas liquid (NGL), in a first chiller to form a mixture, wherein the heavies include C6+ hydrocarbons;
cooling the mixture in the first chiller;
separating the mixture via a first separator to generate a liquid portion and a gas portion;
introducing the liquid portion and the gas portion into a first stripping column, wherein the gas portion is introduced towards a top of the first stripping column and the liquid portion is introduced below the gas portion;
removing a liquid bottoms from the first stripping column, wherein the liquid bottoms comprises the quantity of heavies dissolved therein;
introducing the liquid bottoms into a second stripping column and separating a second NGL from the quantity of heavies dissolved in the liquid bottoms; and
recycling the second NGL to the first chiller as at least part of the first natural gas liquid.
2. The process in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the natural gas feed stream further includes methane and nitrogen.
3. The process in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the natural gas feed stream is a rich natural gas.
4. The process in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the natural gas feed stream includes a lean natural gas.
5. The process in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the natural gas feed stream includes a very lean natural gas.
6. The process in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the first NGL comprises a C 4 and/or C 5 hydrocarbon.
7. The process in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the first NGL comprises a C 2 -C 6 alkane.
8. The process in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising:
determining a composition of the natural gas feed stream including the quantity of heavies;
selecting an amount of the first NGL to combine with the natural gas feed stream that is sufficient to dissolve the quantity of heavies of the natural gas feed stream.
9. The process in accordance with claim 8 , wherein from 100 m 3 /h to 450 m 3 /h of the first NGL is selected to be combined with the natural gas feed stream.
10. The process in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the first chiller cools the mixture to a temperature at or below −30° C.
11. The process in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising:
cooling the gas portion in a second chiller to a temperature at or below −45° C., to produce a reduced gas portion and a second liquid portion.
12. The process in accordance with claim 11 , further comprising separating the second liquid portion from the reduced gas portion in a second separator.
13. The process in accordance with claim 12 , further comprising combining the liquid portion from the first separator and the second liquid portion from the second separator prior to entering the first stripping column.
14. The process in accordance with claim 12 , further comprising introducing the liquid portion from the first separator and the second liquid portion from the second separator at different locations within the first stripping column.
15. The process in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising:
separating a first methane gas stream via the first stripping column;
separating a second methane gas stream from the liquid bottoms via the second stripping column; and
transferring the first methane gas stream and the second methane gas stream to a liquefaction processing system.
16. A heavies removal system with solvent recycle comprising the following components, in combination:
a first chiller configured to receive and combine a natural gas feed stream and a first solvent into a mixture, the natural gas feed stream having a heavies content, wherein the heavies content includes C6+ hydrocarbons—the first chiller configured to cool the mixture to a temperature at or below −30° C.;
a first stripping column configured to receive a gas stream and a liquid stream separated from the mixture;
a second stripping column for separating out a methane gas stream from a liquid bottoms removed from the first stripping column, the liquid bottoms including a second solvent and a quantity of heavies, the second stripping column including a liquid recycle line connecting the second stripping column to the first chiller for transferring the second solvent to the first chiller as at least part of the first solvent, and a heavies removal line connected to the second stripping column to remove the quantity of heavies.
17. The heavies removal system with solvent recycle in accordance with claim 16 , further comprising:
a first separator for separating the gas stream from the liquid stream;
a second chiller positioned between the first separator and the first stripping column, the second chiller for reducing the temperature of the gas stream to below −45° C., generating a reduced gas stream and a second liquid stream.
18. The heavies removal system with solvent recycle in accordance with claim 17 , further comprising a second separator positioned between the second chiller and the first stripping column for separating the reduced gas stream from the second liquid stream, wherein liquid stream and the second liquid stream are combined in the first stripping column.
19. The heavies removal system with solvent recycle in accordance with claim 16 , wherein the liquid recycle line is adapted to receive fresh solvent prior to coupling with the first chiller.
20. The heavies removal system with solvent recycle in accordance with claim 16 , wherein the first solvent is an external natural gas liquid (NGL) comprising a C 4 and/or C 5 hydrocarbon.
21. The heavies removal system with solvent recycle in accordance with claim 16 , wherein the first solvent is an external natural gas liquid (NGL) comprising a C 2 -C 6 alkane.