Solanaceous plant capable of stenospermocarpic fruit formation
The present invention relates to a plant of the family Solanaceae comprising in its genome at least one copy of a mutant allele which causes stenospermocarpic fruit formation when present in homozygous form. The present invention further relates to pollen and seed produced by the plant of the present invention, seed from which the plant of the present invention can be grown and a part from the plant according to the present invention. The present invention further relates to a method of identifying and/or selecting a plant according to the present invention and a method of producing a plant according to the present invention. The present invention further relates to the use of the plant of the present invention as a crop for consumption or as a source of propagation material. The present invention further relates to the use of a nucleic acid for the identification of a plant of the present invention or for breeding plants of the present invention.
1. A cultivated Capsicum annuum plant comprising in its genome at least one copy of a mutant allele of the wild type SSPER-1 gene, wherein said mutant allele causes stenospermocarpic fruit formation when present in homozygous form, wherein the wild type SSPER-1 gene encodes a protein comprising at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, and wherein the mutant allele results in reduced expression or no expression of the wild type SSPER-1 gene and/or wherein the mutant allele encodes a protein having a decreased function or loss-of-function when compared to the wild type protein, wherein the mutant allele encodes a protein that is truncated when compared to the wild type protein and the truncated protein comprises at most amino acids 1-500 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
2. The plant according to claim 1 , wherein the truncated protein comprises at most amino acids 1-400 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
3. The plant according to claim 1 , wherein the plant is homozygous for the mutant allele.
4. The plant according to claim 1 , wherein the plant is an inbred plant, a dihaploid plant or a hybrid plant.
5. A seed from which a plant according to claim 1 can be grown.
6. A plant grown from the seed of claim 5 , wherein said plant comprises in its genome at least one copy of a mutant allele of the wild type SSPER-1 gene, wherein said mutant allele causes stenospermocarpic fruit formation when present in homozygous form, wherein the wild type SSPER-1 gene encodes a protein comprising at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the mutant allele encodes a protein that is truncated when compared to the wild type protein and the truncated protein comprises at most amino acids 1-500 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
7. A fruit produced by the plant according to claim 1 , optionally wherein said fruit is homozygous for the mutant allele of the SSPER-1 gene and is seedless, wherein said fruit comprises in its genome at least one copy of a mutant allele of the wild type SSPER-1 gene, wherein said mutant allele causes stenospermocarpic fruit formation when present in homozygous form, wherein the wild type SSPER-1 gene encodes a protein comprising at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the mutant allele encodes a protein that is truncated when compared to the wild type protein and the truncated protein comprises at most amino acids 1-500 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
8. The fruit according to claim 7 , wherein the fruit homozygous for the mutant allele of the SSPER-1 gene has the same shape and/or size when compared to the fruits of genetically identical plants comprising two copies of a wild type allele of the SSPER-1 gene.
9. A part of the plant according to claim 1 , wherein said plant part is a leaf, anther, pistil, stem, petiole, root, ovule, pollen, protoplast, tissue, seed, flower, cotyledon, hypocotyl, embryo or cell, wherein said part comprises in its genome at least one copy of a mutant allele of the wild type SSPER-1 gene, wherein said mutant allele causes stenospermocarpic fruit formation when present in homozygous form, wherein the wild type SSPER-1 gene encodes a protein comprising at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the mutant allele encodes a protein that is truncated when compared to the wild type protein and the truncated protein comprises at most amino acids 1-500 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
10. A vegetatively propagated plant propagated from a plant part according to claim 9 .
11. A method of producing stenospermocarpic fruit, said method comprising growing a plant according to claim 1 , and harvesting the fruits produced by said plants.
12. A method of identifying and/or selecting a cultivated Capsicum annuum plant or plant part comprising a mutant allele of the SSPER-1 gene comprising determining whether the plant or plant part comprises a mutant allele of an SSPER-1 gene, wherein said mutant allele results in reduced expression or no expression of the SSPER-1 gene or wherein the mutant allele encodes a protein having a decreased function or loss-of function when compared to the wild type protein and optionally selecting a plant or plant part comprising at least one copy of a mutant allele of the SSPER-1 gene wherein said mutant allele causes stenospermocarpic fruit formation when present in homozygous form, wherein the wild type SSPER-1 gene encodes a protein comprising at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the mutant allele encodes a protein that is truncated when compared to the wild type protein and the truncated protein comprises at most amino acids 1-500 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the plant or plant part is subjected to a mutation inducing step prior to determining whether the plant or plant part comprises a mutant allele of an SSPER-1 gene.
14. A method of producing a Capsicum annuum plant comprising in its genome at least one copy of a mutant allele of the SSPER-1 gene, wherein said mutant allele causes stenospermocarpic fruit formation when present in homozygous form, said method comprising the step (s) of:
(i) crossing a first Capsicum annuum plant and a second Capsicum annuum plant, wherein the first Capsicum annuum plant is the plant according to claim 1 ;
(ii) optionally harvesting seed from the crossing of (i) and selecting seed comprising in its genome at least one copy of a mutant allele of the SSPER-1 gene as defined in claim 1 .
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein in step (i) both the first Capsicum annuum plant and the second Capsicum annuum plant are plants according to claim 1 .
16. A seed obtained from the method of claim 14 , wherein said part comprises in its genome at least one copy of a mutant allele of the wild type SSPER-1 gene, wherein said mutant allele causes stenospermocarpic fruit formation when present in homozygous form, wherein the wild type SSPER-1 gene encodes a protein comprising at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the mutant allele encodes a protein that is truncated when compared to the wild type protein and the truncated protein comprises at most amino acids 1-500 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
17. A plant grown from the seeds of claim 16 .
18. A method for the production of a Capsicum annuum plant capable of stenospermocarpic fruit formation by growing a seed of claim 5 , wherein said plant is homozygous for the mutant allele.
19. The plant according to claim 1 , wherein the truncated protein comprises at most amino acids 1-200 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
20. The plant according to claim 1 , wherein the mutant allele is SEQ ID NO: 4.
21. The plant according to claim 1 , wherein the mutant allele encodes the protein of SEQ ID NO: 3.