Method for carbon-catalysed thiosulfate leaching of gold-bearing materials
The present disclosure is directed to a gold recovery process in which activated carbon or another carbon-based material is used to accelerate thiosulfate leaching of gold from a gold-bearing material. The present disclosure improves the overall precious metal recovery of thiosulfate refractory precious metal-bearing materials. Leaching is done by substantially simultaneously mixing a slurry containing the precious metal-bearing material, water, thiosulfate, a carbon-based material, and dissolved molecular oxygen (as the oxidizing reagent) and performing leaching in the presence of the various components for a predetermined residence time. The carbon-based material is maintained in the slurry during leaching to provide increased gold recoveries.
1. A process, comprising:
a) providing a particulate carbon-based material comprising one or more of activated carbon, activated charcoal, coke, hard carbon derived from at least one of coconut shells and elemental carbon, a calcined resin, and mixtures thereof;
b) providing a precious metal-bearing material;
c) contacting the precious metal-bearing material with the particulate carbon-based material, thiosulfate, an anion exchange resin, and an oxidant to form a slurry comprising a slurried precious metal-bearing material, wherein a weight ratio of the precious metal-bearing material to particulate carbon-based material is more than 125:1; and
d) leaching a precious metal from the slurried precious metal-bearing material to form a leached precious metal-bearing material, wherein the anion exchange resin has a greater affinity for the leached precious metal than the particulate carbon-based material.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is free of pretreatment by prior contact with the particulate carbon-based material and the oxidant.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the thiosulfate before contact with the oxidant, wherein the precious metal-bearing material contains more oxides than sulfides, wherein the precious metal-bearing material is substantially free of organic carbon before contact with the particulate carbon-based material, and wherein the precious metal-bearing material is refractory to thiosulfate leaching.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the anion exchange resin before contact with the oxidant, wherein the precious metal-bearing material is an oxide ore that is amenable to precious metal recovery by cyanidation, wherein the precious metal-bearing material has an average precious metal-bearing material particle size, wherein the particulate carbon-based material has an average carbon particle size, and wherein the average carbon particle size is more than the average precious metal-bearing material particle size and further comprising:
after the leaching (d), removing the particulate carbon-based material from the leached precious metal-bearing material by screening.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the oxidant is molecular oxygen, wherein the slurry in the leaching (d) has a pH from about pH 7 to about pH 12, a thiosulfate concentrate of from about 0.005 to about 2 M, a total copper concentration of no more than about 20 ppm, and an oxidation-reduction potential ranging from about 100 to about 350 mV versus a standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) and is performed in the complete absence of added copper, and wherein a rate of contact of the molecular oxygen with the slurry during the leaching (d) is at least 0.10 L O 2 /L slurry/min, and wherein a weight ratio of the precious metal-bearing material to particulate carbon of more than about 200:1.
6. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:
removing at least about 95% of the particulate carbon-based material from the slurry after the leaching (d).
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the thiosulfate before the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the particulate carbon-based material and wherein the anion exchange resin comprises a strong-base or a medium-base resin.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the anion exchange resin before the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the particulate carbon-based material and wherein the precious metal-bearing material comprises no more than about 0.01 wt. % organic carbon before contact with the particulate carbon-based material.
9. A process, comprising:
a) contacting a precious metal-bearing material with a carbon-based material and one or more of a thiosulfate lixiviant and an anion exchange resin to form a slurry, wherein a weight ratio of the precious metal-bearing material to the carbon-based material is more than 125:1;
b) thereafter contacting the slurry with an oxidant to leach a precious metal from the precious metal-bearing material to form a leached precious metal-bearing material and deposit the leached precious metal onto the anion exchange resin to form a precious metal-containing anion exchange resin; and
c) contacting the precious metal-containing anion exchange resin with an eluant to form a precious metal-containing eluant and a barren ion exchange resin for recycle to the contacting (a).
10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is free of pretreatment by prior contact with the carbon-based material and the oxidant, wherein the carbon-based material has an average carbon particle size and the precious metal-bearing material has an average precious metal-bearing material particle size, and wherein the average carbon particle size is more than the average precious metal-bearing material particle size, and further comprising:
after the contacting (c), removing the carbon-based material from the leached precious metal-bearing material to form a carbon-depleted slurry, wherein the carbon-based material is removed by screening.
11. The process of claim 10 , wherein at least about 95% of the carbon-based material is removed from the slurry.
12. The process of claim 9 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the thiosulfate lixiviant before contact with the oxidant, wherein the precious metal-bearing material contains more oxides than sulfides, wherein the precious metal-bearing material is substantially free of organic carbon before contact with the carbon-based material, and wherein a precious metal recovery by thiosulfate leaching of the precious metal-bearing material in the absence of prior contact with the carbon-base material is less than a precious metal recovery by thiosulfate leaching of the precious metal-bearing material after prior contact with the carbon-based material.
13. The process of claim 9 , wherein the oxidant is molecular oxygen, wherein, during the thereafter contacting (b), the slurry has a pH of from about pH 7 to about pH 12, a thiosulfate concentrate from about 0.005 to about 2 M, a total copper concentration of no more than about 20 ppm, and an oxidation-reduction potential ranging from about 100 to about 350 mV versus standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), wherein a rate of contact of the molecular oxygen with the slurry during the thereafter contacting (b) is at least 0.10 L O 2 /L slurry/min, wherein the weight ratio of the precious metal-bearing material to carbon-based material is more than about 200:1, wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the anion exchange resin before contact with the oxidant, wherein the precious metal-bearing material is an oxide ore that is amenable to precious metal recovery by cyanidation, and wherein at least part of the precious metal-bearing material is refractory to recovery of the precious metal by thiosulfate leaching.
14. The process of claim 9 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the thiosulfate lixiviant before the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the carbon-based material and wherein the anion exchange resin comprises a strong-base or a medium-base resin.
15. The process of claim 9 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the anion exchange resin before the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the carbon-based material and wherein the precious metal-bearing material comprises no more than about 0.01 wt. % organic carbon before contact with the carbon-based material.
16. The process of claim 9 , wherein, after the contacting (a), the slurry comprises more than 0.005 molar thiosulfate and wherein the thereafter contacting in (b) is performed in the absence of added copper.
17. A process, comprising:
a) contacting a precious metal-bearing material with a particulate carbon-based material, thiosulfate, and an anion exchange resin to form a slurry comprising a slurried precious metal-bearing material, wherein a weight ratio of the precious metal-bearing material to particulate carbon-based material is more than 125:1; and
b) contacting the slurry with an oxidant to leach a precious metal from the slurried precious metal-bearing material to form a leached precious metal-bearing material, wherein a total copper concentration in the slurry is no more than about 10 ppm.
18. The process of claim 17 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is free of pretreatment by prior contact with the particulate carbon-based material and the oxidant, wherein the weight ratio of the precious metal-bearing material to particulate carbon-based material is more than 150:1.
19. The process of claim 17 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the thiosulfate before contact with the oxidant, wherein the precious metal-bearing material contains more oxides than sulfides, wherein the precious metal-bearing material is substantially free of organic carbon before contact with the particulate carbon-based material, and wherein the precious metal-bearing material is refractory to thiosulfate leaching.
20. The process of claim 17 , wherein the precious metal-bearing material is contacted with at least most of the anion exchange resin before contact with the oxidant, wherein the precious metal-bearing material is an oxide ore that is amenable to precious metal recovery by cyanidation, wherein the precious metal-bearing material has an average precious metal-bearing material particle size, wherein the particulate carbon-based material has an average carbon particle size, and wherein the average carbon particle size is more than the average precious metal-bearing material particle size and further comprising:
after the contacting (b), removing at least about 95 wt. % of the particulate carbon-based material from the leached precious metal-bearing material by screening.