Methods and devices to disrupt and contain pathogens
Provided herein are fabric materials and debridement devices comprising gel-forming hydrofibres for disrupting a biofilm, loosening, or sequestering unwanted materials from wounds, and uses thereof. In particular, debridement and detection devices for selective and atraumatic removal of unwanted tissues and for detection of a wound infection are provided.
1. A debridement device having a wound contacting layer for debridement of a wound, the debridement device comprising:
a stick comprising an end portion defining a base layer, wherein the base layer is flat;
a layer of gel-forming fibres surrounding the base layer; and
a layer of bristles in direct contact with the gel-forming fibres, wherein the layer of bristles surrounds the layer of gel-forming fibres;
wherein the layer of bristles is configured to directly contact the wound and is directly adjacent the layer of gel-forming fibres; and
wherein the layer of gel-forming fibres is partially positioned on opposite sides of the flat base layer.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the layer of bristles comprises a pile of monofilaments or fibres.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the layer of bristles comprises nylon, acetal, polypropylene, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate, silicone, wool, or any combination thereof.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the layer of bristles comprises filaments arranged perpendicular to the wound contacting layer.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the layer of gel-forming fibres are woven or knitted.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the layer of gel-forming fibres have an absorbency between 10 g/g and 50 g/g, and resists lateral spread of a fluid upon absorption.
7. The device of claim 1 , further comprising anti-biofilm agents, metal chelators, surfactants, or any combination thereof.
8. The device of claim 1 , further comprising one or more support layers in contact with the layer of gel-forming fibres, wherein the support layer comprises foam, fabric, blended fabric, paper, polymer, plastic, or any combination thereof.
9. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a diagnostic unit in fluid communication with the layer of gel-forming fibres, wherein the diagnostic unit comprises at least one of an enzyme-based assay or an electronic sensor.
10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the diagnostic unit comprises one or more diagnostic disks, comprising:
a) a reaction layer comprising one or more reagents configured to interact with a target enzyme indicative of a microbial infection, wherein the reagents are affixed to a solid phase;
b) each reagent is sprayed, printed, or deposited in a reagent area separated by impermeable separators;
c) each reagent area comprises a reporter area wherein a color, color change, or other detectable signal is observed; and
d) a transparent cover comprising a window for visualizing the signal in the reporter area.
11. The device of claim 9 , wherein the fluid communication comprises one or more of a wicking material that comprises hydrophilic fibres, gelling fibres, or filter paper.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the layer of gel-forming fibres is configured to absorb material dislodged by the bristles during debridement of the wound.
13. The device of claim 12 , wherein the material is operable to pass through the bristles directly from the wound to the layer of gel-forming fibres.
14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the layer of gel-forming fibres circumferentially surrounds the base layer.
15. A method of detecting a wound infection, comprising:
providing the debridement device of claim 1 ;
debriding a wound using the debridement device;
extracting a sample of wound tissue from the debridement device; and
analyzing the sample for presence of a microbial infection using a diagnostic assay.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the extracting and analyzing step comprises utilizing one or more diagnostic disk that utilizes a wicking material to be in fluid communication with the debridement device, the diagnostic disks comprising a reaction layer with one or more reagents that are configured to interact with a target enzyme indicative of a microbial infection, wherein each reagent is aligned with a reporter area wherein a color, color change, or other detectable signal is observable as part of the analyzing step.
17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising applying a wound dressing with an antimicrobial agent according to the diagnostic assay.
18. A kit for debridement of a wound, comprising:
the debridement device of claim 1 ;
a solution for assisting in debridement of the wound comprising one or more of antimicrobial agents, anti-biofilm agents, metal chelators, or surfactants; and
a treating agent comprising at least one of an antimicrobial or an anti-biofilm composition.
19. The kit of claim 18 , further comprising: a diagnostic unit in fluid communication with the debridement device, wherein the diagnostic unit comprises at least one of an enzyme-based assay, an electronic sensor, or one or more reagents for indicating infection of the wound.
20. The kit of claim 18 , further wherein the wound contacting layer comprises one or more foams.
21. A debridement device, comprising:
a stick comprising an end portion having an outer perimeter; and
a wound-contacting layer for debridement of a wound, the wound-contacting layer consisting essentially of:
a plurality of bristles operable to directly contact the wound; and
a layer of gel-forming fibres in direct contact with the plurality of bristles;
wherein the layer of gel-forming fibres completely circumferentially surrounds the outer perimeter of the end portion.
22. A debridement device comprising the wound-contacting layer of claim 21 , the debridement device further comprising a support layer positioned behind the layer of gel-forming fibres.