Energy storage system and method

1. A method of providing energy storage units to an energy storage system on a vessel adapted to use stored energy, the method comprising:

receiving notification at a charging station onshore, of a user energy storage requirement;

dispatching an autonomous vehicle from the charging station with one or more replacement energy storage units for the energy storage system;

removing one or more used energy storage units on the autonomous vehicle from an operational location of the energy storage system;

inserting the replacement energy storage unit at the same operational location of the energy storage system; and

returning the used energy storage unit to the charging station;

wherein the method is performed at a port that comprises;

a quayside where the vessel is docked, and

the charging station that is positioned within the port and outside of the quayside such that the dispatching step comprises dispatching the autonomous vehicle from the charging station within the port and outside the quayside to the vessel at the quayside;

and wherein the port further comprises;

a ramp from the quayside to the vessel to enable passengers, vehicles and cargo to go on and off the vessel;

wherein the dispatching step further comprises dispatching the autonomous vehicle from the quayside over the ramp and onto the vessel to the operational location of the energy storage system on the vessel.

2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

connecting the used energy storage units to a charger in the charging station to recharge the used energy storage units.

3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

receiving an indication of a level of energy remaining in each energy storage unit in the energy storage system when the vessel is still under way; and

determining a time remaining until the vessel docks and dispatching the autonomous vehicle to meet the vessel when it docks.

4. The method according to claim 1 ,

wherein the charging station monitors type and number of stocked charged energy storage units onshore and provides an availability list to the vessel in response to the notification of the user energy storage requirement.

5. The method according to claim 1 ,

wherein the energy storage system requests a type and a number of energy storage units closest to its requirement.

6. An energy storage system adapted for carrying out the method of claim 1 , comprising:

one or more energy storage units adapted for use on a vessel;

one or more of the energy storage units being stocked by a store associated with an onshore charging station;

a communications interface between the vessel and the charging station to enable notification of an energy storage requirement to be received from the vessel; and

an autonomous vehicle associated with the charging station to transport the one or more energy storage units between the charging station and the vessel;

wherein the autonomous vehicle comprises;

an autonomous lorry cab and trailer, wherein the energy storage units remain on the trailer when installed on the vessel and the lorry cab is detached from the trailer, or

a single autonomous self-driving transport unit, wherein the energy storage units remain on the autonomous self-driving transport unit when installed on the vessel.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 6 , comprising:

a plurality of energy storage units containing energy storage devices, mounted within an ISO standard container or custom sized container.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7 ,

wherein the energy storage unit connects to an electrical system of the vessel via connectors in a base of the container when installed.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 6 ,

wherein the energy storage unit connects to an electrical system of the vessel via connectors, rails or pantograph on the side of or at the top of the energy storage unit when placed on the vessel or at the charging station onshore.

10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the autonomous vehicle has its own motive power and is independent of any physical power infrastructure including cable connections or rails.

11. The energy storage system according to claim 6 , wherein the autonomous vehicle has its own motive power and is independent of any physical power infrastructure including cable connections or rails.

12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the charging station is located at a fixed position within the port.

13. A method of providing energy storage units to an energy storage system on a vessel adapted to use stored energy, wherein the vessel is docked at a quayside of a port, the method comprising:

receiving notification at a charging station or a store of a user energy storage requirement, wherein the charging station or the store is located within the port and outside the quayside;

dispatching an autonomous vehicle from the charging station or the store with one or more replacement energy storage units for the energy storage system, comprising;

dispatching the autonomous vehicle from the charging station or the store within the port and outside the quayside to the quayside where the vessel is docked, and

dispatching the autonomous vehicle from the quayside over a ramp between the quayside and the vessel to an operational location of the energy storage system on the vessel,

removing one or more used energy storage units on the autonomous vehicle from the operational location of the energy storage system;

inserting the replacement energy storage unit at the same operational location of the energy storage system; and

returning the used energy storage unit to the charging station or the store with the autonomous vehicle including;

dispatching the autonomous vehicle from the operational location of the energy storage system on the vessel over the ramp to the quayside, and

dispatching the autonomous vehicle from the quayside to the charging station located within the port and outside the quayside.

14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the autonomous vehicle has its own motive power and is independent of any physical power infrastructure including cable connections or rails.

15. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the charging location and the store are positioned at different locations within the port and outside the quayside.

16. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the store is part of the charging location.

17. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the method further comprises:

moving one or more charged energy storage units from the charging station to the store to free up connections at the charging station to charge additional energy storage units; and

wherein the dispatching step comprises dispatching the autonomous vehicle from the store with the one or more replacement energy storage units to the quayside and the vessel.

18. An energy storage system adapted for carrying out the method of claim 13 , comprising:

one or more energy storage units adapted for use on a vessel;

one or more of the energy storage units being stocked by the store associated with the charging station;

a communications interface between the vessel and the charging station or the store to enable notification of an energy storage requirement to be received from the vessel; and

an autonomous vehicle associated with the charging station or the store to transport the one or more energy storage units between the charging station or the store and the vessel;

wherein the autonomous vehicle comprises;

an autonomous lorry cab and trailer, wherein the energy storage units remain on the trailer when installed on the vessel and the lorry cab is detached from the trailer, or

a single autonomous self-driving transport unit, wherein the energy storage units remain on the autonomous self-driving transport unit when installed on the vessel; and

wherein the autonomous vehicle has its own motive power and is independent of any physical power infrastructure including cable connections or rails.