Fibre-optic accelerometer
The invention relates to a fibre-optic accelerometer for determining acceleration along an axis, comprising an optical fibre with a fibre end face and an acoustic membrane with a membrane frame, a deflection mass and connection bridges, the acoustic membrane being designed to reflect, at least in part, a primary radiation from the fibre end face, and the connection bridges connecting the membrane frame and the deflection mass at least at two different axial positions.
1. A fiber optical acceleration sensor for determining an acceleration along an axis, comprising
an optical fiber with a fiber end face; and
an acoustic membrane with a membrane frame, a deflection mass and connection bridges;
wherein the acoustic membrane is adapted to at least partially reflect a primary radiation exiting from the fiber end face;
wherein the connection bridges connect the membrane frame and the deflection mass at at least two axial positions different from each other;
wherein the fiber optical acceleration sensor is configured as a Fabry-Perot-interferometer;
wherein the fiber end face of the optical fiber forms a first mirror of the Fabry-Perot-interferometer; and
wherein the acoustic membrane forms a second mirror of the Fabry-Perot-interferometer.
2. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the connection bridges are configured between the membrane frame and the deflection mass as meandering arms.
3. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the acoustic membrane at the at least two axial positions comprises at least two of the connection bridges.
4. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the connection bridges comprise first connection bridges at a first axial position of the at least two axial positions and second connection bridges at a second axial position of the at least two axial positions; and wherein the first connection bridges are arranged offset to the second connection bridges about the axis in a circumferential direction.
5. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein an axial spacing between the at least two axial positions is at least 0.1 mm and/or maximum 5 mm.
6. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the acoustic membrane is adapted for a mechanical deflection of the deflection mass of at least 0.25 nm/G and/or of maximum 40 nm/G.
7. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the acoustic membrane is made in one piece and/or wherein the acoustic membrane is made of glass.
8. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the acoustic membrane is made by selective laser etching.
9. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the acoustic membrane comprises a high-reflective coating.
10. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , comprising a cavity formed between the fiber end face and the acoustic membrane; wherein the deflection mass comprises an axial membrane surface facing the cavity; and wherein the deflection mass behind the axial membrane surface comprises an interruption region for diffuse light scattering.
11. A fiber optical acceleration sensor system, comprising at least two fiber optical acceleration sensors according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the at least two fiber optical acceleration sensors is adapted for determining accelerations along at least two axes.
12. A wind turbine, comprising at least one fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 .
13. The wind turbine according to claim 12 , comprising at least one rotor blade; wherein the at least one fiber optical acceleration sensor or the at least one fiber optical acceleration sensor is arranged in or on the at least one rotor blade.
14. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the deflection mass at the at least two axial positions comprises at least three of the connection bridges.
15. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 ,
wherein the acoustic membrane is made of quartz glass.
16. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the deflection mass of the acoustic membrane comprises a high-reflective coating.
17. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein an axial spacing between the at least two axial positions is at least 0.2 mm and/or maximum 3 mm.
18. The fiber optical acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the acoustic membrane is adapted for a mechanical deflection of the deflection mass of at least 0.5 nm/G and/or of maximum 30 nm/G.