Dynamic outgoing beam divergence tuning in LiDAR

1. An optical sensing method for an optical sensing system, the method comprising:

determining environment information of an environment surrounding the optical sensing system, wherein the environment information indicates a current detection distance of the optical sensing system;

determining a divergence amount for outgoing optical signals emitted by an optical source of the optical sensing system, based on the current detection distance, wherein the divergence amount is a target divergence amount determined to be smaller at a larger current detection distance to reduce a beam spot size of returning optical signals;

dynamically adjusting the outgoing optical signals to the target divergence amount; and

emitting the outgoing optical signals to the environment.

2. The optical sensing method of claim 1 , wherein the environment information is determined according to information collected from one or more sensors associated with the optical sensing system.

3. The optical sensing method of claim 1 , wherein the environment information is determined according to information analyzed by the optical sensing system based on a previous optical signal emitted to the environment and received by the optical sensing system after returning from the environment.

4. The optical sensing system of claim 1 , wherein the current detection distance is indicated by distance information of an object.

5. The optical sensing method of claim 4 , wherein determining the divergence amount for the optical signals based on the environment information comprises:

determining the divergence amount for the optical signals based on the distance information for the object in the environment.

6. The optical sensing method of claim 5 , wherein the divergence amount inversely corresponds to a distance of the object from the optical sensing system.

7. The optical sensing method of claim 5 , wherein the divergence amount is determined to be a first divergence when there is a first object in the environment at a first distance away from the optical sensing system or a second divergence amount when there is a second object in the environment at a second distance away from the optical sensing system, wherein the second distance is longer than the first distance and the second divergence amount is smaller than the first divergence amount.

8. The optical sensing method of claim 1 , wherein the environment is divided into a plurality of sections, each section covering a range of distances from the optical sensing system, and determining the environment information comprises determining an object in the environment and the section in which the object is located in the environment.

9. The optical sensing method of claim 8 , determining the divergence amount for the optical signals based on the environment information comprises:

determining the divergence amount for the optical signals based on the section of the environment in which the object is located.

10. The optical sensing method of claim 9 , wherein the divergence amount inversely corresponds to an overall distance of the section from the optical sensing system.

11. The optical sensing method of claim 1 , wherein dynamically adjusting the outgoing optical signals to the determined divergence amount further comprises:

collimating the optical signals to the determined divergence amount by dynamically tuning a tunable collimation lens.

12. The optical sensing method of claim 11 , wherein the tunable collimation lens comprises a pair of Alvarez lenses arranged in tandem.

13. The optical sensing method of claim 12 , wherein at least one of the pair of Alvarez lenses is movable along a direction perpendicular to a direction of the optical signals.

14. The optical sensing method of claim 13 , wherein dynamically tuning the tunable collimation lens comprises:

dynamically moving the at least one of the pair of Alvarez lenses to adjust divergence of the optical signals collimated by the tunable collimation lens to the determined divergence amount.

15. The optical sensing method of claim 13 , wherein a movement of the at least one movable Alvarez lens is controlled by a pair of comb drive actuators.

16. A transmitter of an optical sensing system, comprising: an optical source, configured to emit optical signals;

a controller, configured to determine environment information of an environment surrounding the optical sensing system, wherein the environment information indicates a current detection distance of the optical sensing system; the controller further configured to determine a divergence amount for the optical signals based on the current detection distance, wherein the divergence amount is a target divergence amount determined to be smaller at a larger current detection distance to reduce a beam spot size of returning optical signals;

and

a divergence adjustment device, coupled to the controller and configured to dynamically adjust the optical signals to the determined target divergence amount for emitting to the environment.

17. The transmitter of claim 16 , wherein the environment information is determined according to information collected from one or more sensors associated with the optical sensing system.

18. The transmitter of claim 16 , wherein the environment information is determined according to information analyzed by the optical sensing system based on a previous optical signal emitted to the environment and received by the optical sensing system after returning from the environment.

19. The transmitter of claim 16 , wherein the current detection distance is indicated by distance information of an object.

20. The transmitter of claim 19 , wherein determining the divergence amount for the optical signals based on the environment information comprises:

determining the divergence amount for the optical signals based on the distance information for the object in the environment.