Stick on devices using peripheral defocus to treat progressive refractive error
An apparatus to treat refractive error of an eye comprises an optic comprising an optical zone and a peripheral defocus optical structure to form images of a plurality of stimuli anterior or posterior to a peripheral portion of a retina of the eye. In some embodiments, the peripheral defocus optical structure located outside the optical zone. In some embodiments, the peripheral defocus optical structure comprises optical power to focus light to a different depth of the eye than the optical zone. In some embodiments, the optic comprises one or more of a lens, an optically transparent substrate, a beam splitter, a prism, or an optically transmissive support.
1. An apparatus to decrease myopia progression of an eye, the apparatus comprising:
an optic comprising an optical zone;
a display coupled to the optic, the display having a periphery extending beyond the optical zone;
a defocus optical structure to form images of a plurality of stimuli anterior or posterior to a peripheral portion of a retina of the eye; and
an adhesive to couple the optic and the defocus optical structure to the display to align the defocus optical structure with the display;
wherein the display is configured to provide light through the optical zone to form a central image on a macula and through the defocus optical structure to provide the plurality of stimuli with defocus on the peripheral portion of the retina.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the defocus optical structure comprises optical power to focus light to a different depth of the eye than the optical zone.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the optic comprises one or more of a lens, an optically transparent substrate, a beam splitter, a prism, or an optically transmissive support.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the defocus optical structure comprises one or more of a Fresnel lens, a plurality of lenslets, a diffractive optical structure or echelettes.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the defocus optical structure comprises the diffractive optical structure.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a filter within the optical zone to decrease light transmission therethrough.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the filter is configured to decrease an intensity of the central image formed on a fovea of the eye and provide an increased intensity of the plurality of stimuli in relation to the intensity of the central image.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the filter extends into the defocus optical structure.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the filter comprises a neutral density filter.
10. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the filter reduces transmission of visible light by a factor of between 5 and 30.
11. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the filter reduces transmission of visible light by an amount within a range from 5 percent to 99 percent.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a base, wherein the defocus optical structure is coupled to the base.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 , further comprising the adhesive on a surface of the base to couple the base to the display and the defocus optical structure.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the optic comprises a lens, and a filter and the defocus optical structure are coupled to the lens.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a processor operatively coupled to the display, wherein the processor comprises instructions to provide the plurality of stimuli on the display at a plurality of locations to form the images at a plurality of locations anterior or posterior to the retina, with the defocus optical structure aligned with the display.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the defocus optical structure comprises a plurality of defocus optical structures, and wherein the each of the plurality of stimuli on the display is aligned with a corresponding defocus optical structure of the plurality to form an image at a corresponding location anterior or posterior to a portion of the retina.