Method of modifying polymer barrier films
The present disclosure describes a method to modify dried polymer films using printed crosslinking agents, including that the crosslinked polymer resulting from the method exhibits greater insolubility compared to crosslinked polymers made where the crosslinking agent and the polymer are combined and applied as a homogenous solution. Articles of manufacture generated by such a method are also disclosed.
1. A method of preparing a crosslinked film, comprising the steps of:
a) applying a polymer solution to a substrate;
b) drying said polymer solution on said substrate;
c) printing a crosslinking agent on said dried substrate; and
d) heating the printed substrate for a sufficient time to achieve crosslinking to form a crosslinked polymeric film,
wherein the resulting crosslinked polymer exhibits greater insolubility relative to a crosslinked polymer generated by application of the same polymer and crosslinking agent combined in solution.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohols, polyethylene oxides, dextrans, starches, hemicelluloses, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, cellulose ethers, lignins, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylates, pectin, alginates, proteins, gelatin, corn zein, whey protein, and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the substrate is a cellulosic material.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the cellulosic-material is selected from the group consisting of paper, paperboard, paper pulp, a carton for food storage, a bag for food storage, a shipping bag, a container for coffee or tea, a tea bag, bacon board, diapers, weed-block/barrier fabric or film, mulching film, plant pots, packing beads, bubble wrap, oil absorbent material, laminates, envelops, gift cards, credit cards, gloves, raincoats, OGR paper, a shopping bag, a compost bag, release paper, eating utensil, container for holding hot or cold beverages, cup, paper towels, plate, a bottle for carbonated liquid storage, insulating material, a bottle for non-carbonated liquid storage, film for wrapping food, a garbage disposal container, a food handling implement, a lid for a cup, paper straws, a fabric fibre, a water storage and conveying implement, paperboard from medical use, release paper, a storage and conveying implement for alcoholic or non-alcoholic drinks, an outer casing or screen for electronic goods, an internal or external piece of furniture, a curtain, upholstery, film, box, sheet, tray, pipe, water conduit, packaging for pharmaceutical products, clothing, medical device, contraceptive, camping equipment, cellulosic material that is molded and combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of aldehydes, aldehyde-containing resins, polyfunctional carboxylic acids, difunctional methacrylates, ammonium zirconium carbonate, N-lactam carboxylates, dithiols, dimethyl urea, di-isocyanates, borates, salts of multivalent anions, inorganic polyions, Group 1B salts, polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin, and combinations thereof.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of aldehydes, aldehyde-containing resins, dicarboxylic acids, and combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprises an aldehyde.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprises a dialdehyde.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprises glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, or a mixture thereof.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the crosslinking agent is glyoxal.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent is present in an amount up to about 10% by weight based on the weight of the polymer.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the polymer is present in an amount in a range of about 50% to 90% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer solution.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the printing is selected from the group consisting of flexography, rotogravure, ink jet, Indigo, and offset printing.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method tuneably derivatizes the substrate for hydrophobic and/or lipophobic resistance.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the resulting substrate is hydrophobic.
17. The method of claim 15 , where in the resulting substrate is lipophobic.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the resulting substrate exhibits a 3M grease KIT test value of between 3 and 12.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer solution is provided as an emulsion.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer solution comprises one or more of clay, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, plastic pigment, binders, starch, protein, polymer emulsions, latex, zirconium salts, calcium stearate, lecithin oleate, polyethylene emulsion, carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylic polymers, alginates, polyacrylate gums, polyacrylates, microbiocides, oil based defoamers, silicone based defoamers, stilbenes, direct dyes or acid dyes.