5G system containing a polymer composition
A 5G system comprising at least one antenna element configured to transmit and receive 5G radio frequency signals and at least one electronic component is provided. The antenna element, the electronic component, or both, comprise a polymer composition that includes a liquid crystalline polymer that contains repeating units derived from naphthenic hydroxycarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids in an amount of about 10 mol. % or more. Further, the polymer composition exhibits a dielectric constant of about 5 or less and dissipation factor of about 0.05 or less at a frequency of 10 GHz.
1. A 5G system comprising at least one antenna element configured to transmit and receive 5G radio frequency signals and at least one electronic component, wherein the antenna element, the electronic component, or both, comprise a polymer composition that includes a liquid crystalline polymer that contains repeating units derived from naphthenic hydroxycarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids in an amount of about 30 mol. % or more, and further wherein the polymer composition exhibits a dielectric constant of about 5 or less and dissipation factor of about 0.05 or less at a frequency of 10 GHz.
2. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition has a melting temperature of from about 200° C.to about 400° C.
3. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein liquid crystalline polymers constitute from about 40 wt. % to about 99 wt. % of the polymer composition.
4. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids, one or more aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, or a combination thereof.
5. The 5G system of claim 4 , wherein the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids include 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, or a combination thereof.
6. The 5G system of claim 4 , wherein the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, or a combination thereof.
7. The 5G system of claim 4 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer further contains repeating units derived from one or more aromatic diols.
8. The 5G system of claim 7 , wherein the aromatic diols include hydroquinone, 4,4′-biphenol, or a combination thereof.
9. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer is wholly aromatic.
10. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid in an amount of about 30 mol. % or more.
11. The 5G system of claim 10 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from 6 -hydroxy- 2 -naphthoic acid in an amount of about 50 mol. % or more.
12. The 5G system of claim 10 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid in an amount of about 70 mol. % or more.
13. The 5G system of claim 10 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in a molar ratio of from about 0.1 to about 40.
14. The 5G system of claim 10 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in a molar ratio of from about 1 to about 5.
15. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid in an amount of about 10 mol. % or more.
16. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer exhibits a water adsorption of about 0.015% or less after being immersed in water for 24 hours in accordance with ISO 62-1:2008.
17. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer exhibits a moisture adsorption of about 0.01% or less after being exposed to 50% relative humidity at a temperature of 23° ° C.in accordance with ISO 62-4:2008.
18. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein liquid crystalline polymers constitute 100 wt. % of the composition.
19. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein additives constitute from about 1 wt. % to about 60 wt. % of the polymer composition and liquid crystalline polymers constitute from about 40 wt. % to about 99 wt. % of the polymer composition.
20. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition further comprising a fibrous filler.
21. The 5G system of claim 20 , wherein the fibrous filler includes glass fibers.
22. The 5G system of claim 20 , wherein the fibrous filler has an aspect ratio of about 2 or more.
23. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition further comprising a particulate filler.
24. The 5G system of claim 23 , wherein the particulate filler includes mica.
25. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition further comprises a laser activatable additive.
26. The 5 G system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition further comprises a hollow inorganic filler.
27. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition exhibits a dielectric constant of from about 1.5 to about 4 at a frequency of 2 GHz.
28. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition exhibits a dissipation factor of about 0.0009 or less at a frequency of 2 GHz.
29. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the antenna element is disposed on a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises the polymer composition.
30. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic component is a circuit board that contains a film disposed on a conductive layer, wherein the film contains the polymer composition.
31. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic component is an acoustic filter that contains a substrate supporting a piezoelectric material and a housing that overlies the piezoelectric material, wherein the substrate, the housing, or both contain the polymer composition.
32. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic component is a cavity filter that includes a housing that defines a cavity within which a dielectric material is received, wherein the housing contains the polymer composition.
33. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the antenna element has a feature size that is less than about 1,500 micrometers.
34. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the 5G radio frequency signals have a frequency that is greater than about 28 GHz.
35. The 5G system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one antenna element comprises a plurality of antenna elements arranged in an antenna array.
36. The 5G system of claim 35 , wherein the plurality of antenna elements are spaced apart by a spacing distance that is less than about 1,500 micrometers.
37. The 5G system of claim 35 , wherein the plurality of antenna elements comprise at least 16 antenna elements.
38. The 5G system of claim 35 , wherein the plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a grid.
39. The 5G system of claim 35 , wherein the antenna array is configured for at least 8 transmission channels and at least 8 reception channels.
40. The 5G system of claim 35 , wherein the antenna array has an average antenna element concentration of greater than 1,000 antenna elements per square centimeter.
41. The 5G system of claim 1 , further comprising a base station, and wherein the base station comprises the antenna element.
42. The 5G system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of a user computing device or a repeater, and wherein the at least one of the user computing device or the repeater base station comprises the antenna element.