Systems, methods, and devices for developing patient-specific medical treatments, operations, and procedures

1. A computer-implemented method for producing a patient-specific spinal implant, the method comprising, by a computer system comprising a computer processor and an electronic storage medium:

receiving, from a medical imaging system, one or more pre-operative images of a spine of a patient in each of a plurality of postures;

displaying, on a graphical user interface, at least one image of the patient in each posture of the plurality of postures;

for each posture, determining a length of a posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine based on the corresponding one or more displayed images by receiving, through the graphical user interface, user input indicating a path of the posterior longitudinal ligament in each displayed image;

determining a value for ligament elasticity of the posterior longitudinal ligament based on a variance among the determined lengths of the posterior longitudinal ligament for each posture;

determining a recommended limit of correction of the spine based at least in part on one or more of the determined lengths and the determined value for ligament elasticity of the posterior longitudinal ligament, such that a correction does not cause the posterior longitudinal ligament to exceed an elasticity threshold;

receiving, through the graphical user interface, user selection of a vertebra for modification;

receiving, through the graphical user interface, user input representing one or more proposed modifications to the selected vertebra, the one or more modifications comprising displacements or rotations of the selected vertebra; and

in response to the one or more proposed modifications to the selected vertebra being within the determined recommended limit of correction of the spine, recommending one or more spinal implants based on the one or more proposed modifications.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining one or more features of the recommended one or more spinal implants, wherein the determined one or more features comprise one or more specifications, the method further comprising electronically transmitting the one or more specifications of the one or more spinal implants to a spinal implant production system for producing the one or more spinal implants.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more pre-operative images comprises one or more x-ray images.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising updating the one or more pre-operative images to displace or rotate the selected vertebra based on the one or more modifications.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising scaling each received image based on a reference object in the received image.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein determining the length of the posterior longitudinal ligament comprises:

identifying one or more vertebrae in the corresponding scaled one or more pre-operative images;

identifying the posterior longitudinal ligament on the one or more vertebrae; and

determining the length based on the identified posterior longitudinal ligament in the scaled images.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising displaying the one or more pre-operative images for viewing by a user.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein displaying the one or more pre-operative images comprises displaying the one or more pre-operative images on a graphical interface comprising a feature modification tool, the feature modification tool configured to allow the user to input the one or more proposed modifications to the vertebra.

9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising generating an alert in response to the one or more proposed modifications exceeding the recommended limit of correction of the spine.

10. A system for producing a patient-specific spinal implant, the system comprising:

one or more computer readable storage devices configured to store a plurality of computer executable instructions; and

one or more hardware computer processors in communication with the one or more computer readable storage devices and configured to execute the plurality of computer executable instructions, causing the system to:

receive, from a medical imaging system, one or more pre-operative images of a spine of a patient in each of a plurality of postures;

display, on a graphical user interface, at least one image of the patient in each posture of the plurality of postures;

for each posture, determine a length of a posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine based on the corresponding one or more displayed images by receiving, through the graphical user interface, user input indicating a path of the posterior longitudinal ligament in each displayed image;

determine a value for ligament elasticity of the posterior longitudinal ligament based on a variance among the determined lengths of the posterior longitudinal ligament for each posture;

determine a recommended limit of correction of the spine based at least in part on one or more of the determined lengths and the determined value for ligament elasticity of the posterior longitudinal ligament, such that a correction does not cause the posterior longitudinal ligament to exceed an elasticity threshold;

receive, through the graphical user interface, user selection of a vertebra for modification;

receive, through the graphical user interface, user input representing one or more proposed modifications to the selected vertebra, the one or more modifications comprising displacements or rotations of the selected vertebra; and

in response to the one or more proposed modifications to the selected vertebra being within the determined recommended limit of correction of the spine, recommend one or more spinal implants based on the one or more proposed modifications.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein:

executing the instructions further causes the system to determine one or more features of the recommended one or more spinal implants;

the determined one or more features comprise one or more specifications; and

executing the instructions further causes the system to electronically transmit the one or more specifications of the one or more spinal implants to a spinal implant production system for producing the one or more spinal implants.

12. The system of claim 10 , wherein the one or more pre-operative images comprises one or more x-ray images.

13. The system of claim 10 , wherein executing the instructions further causes the system to update the one or more pre-operative images to displace or rotate the selected vertebra based on the one or more modifications.

14. The system of claim 10 , wherein executing the instructions further causes the system to scale each received image based on a reference object in the received image.

15. The system of claim 14 , wherein executing the instructions causing the system to determine the length of the posterior longitudinal ligament comprises executing instructions causing the system to:

identify one or more vertebrae in the corresponding scaled one or more pre-operative images;

identify the posterior longitudinal ligament on the one or more vertebrae; and

determine the length based on the identified posterior longitudinal ligament in the scaled images.

16. The system of claim 10 , wherein executing the instructions further causes the system to display the one or more pre-operative images for viewing by a user.

17. The system of claim 16 , wherein executing the instructions causing the system to display the one or more pre-operative images comprises executing instructions causing the system to display the one or more pre-operative images on a graphical interface comprising a feature modification tool, the feature modification tool configured to allow the user to input the one or more proposed modifications to the vertebra.

18. The system of claim 17 , wherein executing the instructions further causes the system to generate an alert in response to the one or more proposed modifications exceeding the recommended limit of correction of the spine.