Wastewater treatment method for aqueous solutions
A polymer/activated carbon composite made up of a branched polyethylenimine and magnetic cores involving Fe 3 O 4 disposed activated carbon. The magnetic cores have activated carbonyl groups on the surface. A process for removing organic dyes, such as methyl red, as well as heavy metal ions from a polluted aqueous solution or an industrial wastewater utilizing the composite is introduced. A method of synthesizing the polymer/activated carbon composites is also specified.
1. A wastewater treatment method for an aqueous solution, comprising:
crushing a composite to form composite particles,
mixing the aqueous solution having an initial concentration of a pollutant with the composite particles for from 6 to 40 minutes to form a mixture; and
filtering the mixture to obtain a pollutant loaded composite and an aqueous solution free of the pollutant compared to the initial concentration,
wherein the composite comprises:
a magnetic core comprising Fe 3 O 4 disposed on activated carbon; and
a branched polyethylenimine,
wherein the Fe 3 O 4 is in the form of nanoparticles having an average particle size of 1-100 nm; and
wherein the magnetic core comprises activated carbonyl groups on a surface of the magnetic core.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the activated carbonyl groups are acyl halide groups.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the branched polyethylenimine is bonded to the surface of the magnetic core via an amide linkage.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the branched polyethylenimine has a number average molecular weight in a range of 200-80,000 Da.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles to the activated carbon is in a range of 2:3 to 3:1.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composite particles have a surface area of 140-180 m 2 /g.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composite particles have a pore volume of 0.2-0.28 cm 3 /g, and a pore size of 4-8 nm.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pollutant is an organic dye, a heavy metal, or both.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pollutant is an organic dye, and wherein the organic dye is methyl red.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pollutant is a heavy metal, and wherein the heavy metal is an ion of at least one heavy metal selected from the group consisting of Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, and As.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composite is present in a concentration in a range of 0.01-20 g per liter of the aqueous solution during the contacting, and wherein greater than 70% of a total mass of the pollutant is removed from the aqueous solution.