Sheet materials and articles comprising TiO2 and laser marking
A sheet of material that is marked with a pulsed laser, the sheet of material having an outer edge and an inner edge separated by a core. The distance from the outer edge to the inner edge is the sheet thickness. The sheet of material has a total concentration of TiO 2 of less than about 1.00%. There is an exterior layer beginning at the outer edge and extending into the core, the thickness of the exterior layer is from about 10.00% to about 40.00% of the sheet thickness, and the exterior layer has an average concentration of from about 2.50% to about 10.00% TiO 2 .
1. A sheet of material that is marked with a pulsed laser, the sheet of material comprising an outer edge and an inner edge separated by a core, the distance from the outer edge to the inner edge being the sheet thickness, wherein the sheet of material has a total concentration of TiO 2 of less than about 1.00%, and there is an exterior layer beginning at the outer edge and extending into the core, the thickness of the exterior layer is from about 10.00% to about 40.00% of the sheet thickness, and wherein the exterior layer has an average concentration of from about 2.50% to about 10.00% TiO 2 .
2. The sheet of material according to claim 1 , wherein the sheet of material is polymeric.
3. The sheet of material according to claim 1 , wherein the laser marking on the sheet of material is a UPC, QR, Data matrix or other machine-readable code or symbol.
4. The sheet of material according to claim 3 , wherein the machine-readable symbol is a linear Bar Code symbol and has an overall symbol grade of 1.5 or better based on verification according to the ISO/IEC15416 (2016).
5. The sheet of material according to claim 3 , wherein the machine-readable code is a two dimensional bar code symbol and has a grade of greater than or equal to 1 based on verification according to ISO/IEC15415 (2011).
6. The sheet of material according to claim 1 , wherein the sheet of material forms an article selected from the group consisting of a garbage bag, a bottle, a sachet, a tube, a film, a laminate, a bag, a wrap, a drum, a jar, a cup, or a cap.
7. The sheet of material according to claim 1 , wherein the sheet of material is from about 10.0 microns to about 2.00 mm thick.
8. The sheet of material of claim 1 , wherein the pulsed laser marking comprises a predetermined pattern of locations each comprising a mark or a void in a grid pattern:
wherein the predetermined pattern comprises alphanumeric characters in the form of text having a font size within the range of 6 pt to 10 pt;
wherein the grid pattern comprises a plurality of locations positioned in two or more rows, wherein the two or more rows are substantially parallel, each adjacent pair of locations of the plurality of locations along any of the two or more rows is separated by an X-distance and each adjacent pair of the two or more rows is separated by a Y-distance; and,
wherein the Y-distance is at least 1.2 times the X-distance.
9. The sheet of material of claim 1 , wherein the pulsed laser marking comprises a predetermined pattern of locations each comprising a mark or a void in a grid pattern:
wherein the predetermined pattern comprises alphanumeric characters in the form of text having a font size within the range of 11 pt to 16 pt;
wherein the grid pattern comprises a plurality of locations positioned in two or more rows, wherein the two or more rows are substantially parallel, each adjacent pair of locations of the plurality of locations along any of the two or more rows is separated by an X-distance and each adjacent pair of the two or more rows is separated by a Y-distance; and,
wherein the Y-distance is at least 2 times the X-distance.
10. The sheet of material of claim 1 , wherein in addition to the exterior layer there are two or more interior layers within the core with each interior layer having a different concentration of TiO 2 .
11. The sheet of material of claim 1 , wherein the majority of the pulsed laser markings do not overlap adjacent markings.
12. The sheet of material of claim 1 , wherein the laser marking pulsed laser comprises a predetermined pattern of locations each comprising a mark or a void in a grid pattern, and wherein the grid pattern comprises a plurality of locations positioned in two or more rows, wherein the two or more rows are substantially parallel, each adjacent pair of locations of the plurality of locations along any of the two or more rows is separated by an X-distance and each adjacent pair of the two or more rows is separated by a Y-distance; and,
wherein the majority of the marks in the X-direction are non-overlapping.
13. The sheet of material of claim 1 , wherein the laser marks comprise a predetermined pattern which is a line or curve; and
wherein the spacing between adjacent laser marks varies within the line or curve.
14. The sheet of material of claim 1 , wherein the laser marking pulsed laser comprises a predetermined pattern of locations each comprising a mark or a void in a grid pattern:
wherein the grid pattern comprises a plurality of locations positioned in two or more rows, wherein the two or more rows are substantially parallel, each adjacent pair of locations of the plurality of locations along any of the two or more rows is separated by an X-distance and each adjacent pair of the two or more rows is separated by a Y-distance; and,
wherein the Y-distance is equal to the X-distance.