Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof
A method includes forming a semiconductive channel layer on a substrate. A dummy gate is formed on the semiconductive channel layer. Gate spacers are formed on opposite sides of the dummy gate. The dummy gate is removed to form a gate trench between the gate spacers, resulting in the semiconductive channel layer exposed in the gate trench. A semiconductive protection layer is deposited in the gate trench and on the exposed semiconductive channel layer. A top portion of the semiconductive protection layer is oxidized to form an oxidation layer over a remaining portion of the semiconductive protection layer. The oxidation layer is annealed after the top portion of the semiconductive protection layer is oxidized. A gate structure is formed over the semiconductive protection layer and in the gate trench after the oxidation layer is annealed.
1. A method comprising:
forming a semiconductive channel layer on a substrate;
forming a dummy gate on the semiconductive channel layer;
forming gate spacers on opposite sides of the dummy gate;
removing the dummy gate to form a gate trench between the gate spacers, resulting in the semiconductive channel layer exposed in the gate trench;
depositing a semiconductive protection layer in the gate trench and on the semiconductive channel layer;
oxidizing a top portion of the semiconductive protection layer to form an oxidation layer over a remaining portion of the semiconductive protection layer;
after oxidizing the top portion of the semiconductive protection layer, annealing the oxidation layer; and
after annealing the oxidation layer, forming a gate structure over the semiconductive protection layer and in the gate trench.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing the oxidation layer after annealing the oxidation layer and prior to forming the gate structure.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductive protection layer is substantially free of germanium.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductive channel layer comprises germanium.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein oxidizing the top portion of the semiconductive protection layer and annealing the oxidation layer are performed with no vacuum break therebetween.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein oxidizing the top portion of the semiconductive protection layer comprises:
providing oxygen-containing gases onto the semiconductive protection layer; and
adjusting a flow rate of the oxygen-containing gases.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein annealing the oxidation layer is such that an amount of GeOx in the oxidation layer is reduced while an amount of SiOx in the oxidation layer is increased.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein annealing the oxidation layer is performed in a vacuum environment.
9. A method comprising:
depositing a Ge-containing channel layer over a substrate;
depositing a semiconductive protection layer over the Ge-containing channel layer, wherein a germanium atomic percentage of the semiconductive protection layer is lower than a germanium atomic percentage of the Ge-containing channel layer;
performing an oxidation process on the semiconductive protection layer at a first temperature to form germanium oxide in a top portion of the semiconductive protection layer;
removing the germanium oxide at a second temperature higher than the first temperature; and
forming a gate structure over the semiconductive protection layer after removing the germanium oxide.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the second temperature is lower than a temperature that breaks Si—O bonds.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the semiconductive protection layer has a thickness in a range of about 1 angstrom to about 30 angstrom.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the first temperature is room temperature.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein a germanium atomic percentage of the semiconductive protection layer is lower than about 20 percent.
14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the Ge-containing channel layer is thicker than the semiconductive protection layer.
15. A method comprising:
depositing a channel layer over a substrate;
depositing a semiconductive protection layer over the channel layer, wherein a germanium atomic percentage of the channel layer is higher than a germanium atomic percentage of the semiconductive protection layer;
performing an oxidation process to the semiconductive protection layer in an oxygen-containing environment;
performing an annealing process to the semiconductive protection layer after performing the oxidation process in an oxygen-free environment;
repeatedly performing the oxidation process and performing the annealing process; and
forming a gate structure over the semiconductive protection layer after repeatedly performing the oxidation process and performing the annealing process.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the annealing process is performed in a vacuum environment.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein an annealing temperature of the annealing process is in a range of about 100° C. to about 1000° C.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the oxygen-containing environment comprises pure oxygen gases.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein a flow rate of the pure oxygen gases is in a range of about 1 langmuir to about 1000 langmuir.
20. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
removing an oxidation layer on the semiconductive protection layer prior the forming the gate structure, wherein the oxidation layer is formed during the oxidation process.