IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,193,719
Granted Patent B2
US 12,193,719 · App. 17/378,457 · Granted Jan 14, 2025

Modulating nerves within bone

Inventor: Avram Allan Edidin (Portola Valley, CA)
Assignee: Relievant Medsystems, Inc.
A61B18/04A61B2018/00339A61B2018/00434A61B2018/00565A61B2018/00577A61B18/12
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,193,719
App. No.
17/378,457
Granted
Jan 14, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Methods of using hardware (e.g., bone screws, anchors or other devices) previously inserted within the body to facilitate energy delivery are disclosed. The energy delivery (e.g., thermal energy) may be used for neuromodulation (such as stimulation or denervation), tissue heating and ablation, curing, and other applications in the spine and non-spine orthopedic locations.

Claims (22)

1. A method of treating back pain of a subject, the method comprising: performing a nerve ablation procedure within at least one of two adjacent vertebral bodies that have been fused together in a prior spinal fusion procedure separate from the nerve ablation procedure, wherein at least two pedicle screws are inserted within the at least one of the two adjacent vertebral bodies during the spinal fusion procedure; wherein the nerve ablation procedure comprises: applying thermal energy to create a controlled heating zone sufficient to ablate a basivertebral nerve within the at least one of the two adjacent vertebral bodies that have been fused together, wherein the controlled heating zone encompasses a terminus of the basivertebral nerve, wherein applying thermal energy comprises conducting energy through the at least two pedicle screws to ablate the basivertebral nerve, wherein the thermal energy is applied as bipolar radiofrequency energy using at least one radiofrequency energy delivery device, and wherein the thermal energy is applied for a period of 5 to 10 minutes at a temperature between 70 degrees Celsius and 90 degrees Celsius.

2. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein the two adjacent vertebral bodies are vertebral bodies of an L5 vertebra and an S1 vertebra,

wherein the at least one radiofrequency energy delivery device comprises an active electrode and a return electrode, and

wherein the thermal energy is generated by a radiofrequency generator.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two adjacent vertebral bodies are vertebral bodies of an L5 vertebra and an S1 vertebra.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two adjacent vertebral bodies are vertebral bodies of lumbar vertebrae.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two adjacent vertebral bodies are vertebral bodies of sacral vertebrae.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising circulating cooling fluid through the at least one radiofrequency energy delivery device.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal energy is applied using two radiofrequency energy delivery devices inserted within the at least one of the two adjacent vertebral bodies.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal energy is applied using two radiofrequency energy delivery devices, with one of the two radiofrequency energy delivery devices being inserted within the at least one of the two adjacent vertebral bodies.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal energy is generated by a radiofrequency generator.

10. A method of treating back pain of a subject, the method comprising: performing a nerve ablation procedure within at least one of two adjacent vertebral bodies that have been fused together in a prior spinal fusion procedure separate from the nerve ablation procedure, wherein at least one pedicle screw is inserted into the at least one of the two adjacent vertebral bodies during the spinal fusion procedure; wherein the nerve ablation procedure comprises: applying thermal energy from an energy delivery device, wherein the energy delivery device comprises at least one radiofrequency energy delivery device, wherein the thermal energy is applied for a period of 10 to 20 minutes at a temperature between 70 degrees Celsius and 90 degrees Celsius with a sufficient temperature and over a sufficient duration of time to create a controlled heating zone within cancellous bone within the at least one of the two adjacent vertebral bodies sufficient to ablate a terminus of a basivertebral nerve within the at least one of the two adjacent vertebral bodies, wherein applying thermal energy comprises conducting energy through the at least one pedicle screw to ablate the basivertebral nerve, and wherein the nerve ablation procedure further comprises providing cooling during the nerve ablation procedure.

11. The method of claim 10 :

wherein the at least one radiofrequency energy delivery device comprises a radiofrequency probe having an active electrode and a return electrode.

12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the two adjacent vertebral bodies are vertebral bodies of an L5 vertebra and an S1 vertebra.

13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the two adjacent vertebral bodies are vertebral bodies of lumbar vertebrae.

14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the two adjacent vertebral bodies are vertebral bodies of sacral vertebrae.

15. The method of claim 10 , wherein providing cooling comprises circulating cooling fluid through the at least one radiofrequency energy delivery device.

16. A method of treating back pain of a subject, the method comprising: performing a nerve ablation procedure within at least one of two adjacent vertebral bodies that have been fused together in a prior spinal fusion procedure separate from the nerve ablation procedure, wherein at least one pedicle screw is inserted into the at least one of the two adjacent vertebral bodies during the spinal fusion procedure; and wherein the nerve ablation procedure comprises: ablating a terminus of a basivertebral nerve within the at least one of the two adjacent vertebral bodies performed by applying thermal energy, wherein applying thermal energy comprises conducting energy through the at least one pedicle screw to ablate the basivertebral nerve, wherein the thermal energy is applied for a period of 5 to 10 minutes at a temperature between 70 degrees Celsius and 90 degrees Celsius.

17. The method of claim 16 , wherein ablating the basivertebral nerve is performed by applying thermal energy using a radiofrequency energy delivery device.

18. The method of claim 16 , wherein ablating the basivertebral nerve is performed by applying thermal energy using an energy delivery device, wherein the energy delivery device is selected from the group consisting of: a microwave energy delivery device, a laser device, an infrared energy device, and an ultrasound energy delivery device.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Feb 8, 2023
From: EDIDIN, AVRAM ALLAN
To: RELIEVANT MEDSYSTEMS, INC.
Reel/Frame 062632/0863 →
Continuity (5)
Continuation 16661271 · Oct 23, 2019
Continuation 15669292 · Aug 4, 2017
Continuation 14454643 · Aug 7, 2014
Provisional Application 61863821 · Aug 8, 2013
Related Publication 20210369323A1 · Dec 2, 2021
References Cited (400)
US 3054881A · Metz et al. · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3062876A · Pons, Jr. et al. · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3565062A · Kuris · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3822708A · Zilber · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3845771A · Vise · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3920021A · Hiltebrandt · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3938502A · Bom · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3977408A · MacKew · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4044774A · Corgin et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4116198A · Roos · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4311154A · Sterzer et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4312364A · Convert et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4378806A · Henley-Cohn · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4448198A · Turner · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4449528A · Auth et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4462408A · Silverstein et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4528979A · Marchenko et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4530360A · Duarte · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4541423A · Barber · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4569351A · Tang · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4573448A · Kambin · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4586512A · Do-Huu · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4601296A · Yerushalmi · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4612940A · Kasevich et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4657017A · Sorochenko · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4662383A · Sogawa et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4671293A · Shaulov · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4676258A · Inokuchi et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4679561A · Doss · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4681122A · Winters et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4750499A · Hoffer · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4754757A · Feucht · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4757820A · Itoh · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4774967A · Zanakis et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4800899A · Elliott · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4813429A · Eshel et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4841977A · Griffith et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4907589A · Cosman · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4924863A · Sterzer · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4936281A · Stasz · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4941466A · Romano · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4950267A · Ishihara et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4951677A · Crowley et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4955377A · Lennox et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4959063A · Kojima · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4961435A · Kitagawa et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4963142A · Loertscher · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4966144A · Rochkind et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4967765A · Turner et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4976711A · Parins et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4977902A · Sekino et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 5000185A · Yock · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5002058A · Marinelli · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5002059A · Crowley et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5007437A · Sterzer · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5025778A · Silverstein et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5031618A · Mullet · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5061266A · Hakky · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5070879A · Herres · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US RE33791E · Carr · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5078736A · Behl · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5080660A · Buelna · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5084043A · Hertzmann et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5090414A · Takano · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5098431A · Rydell · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5106376A · Mononen et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5108404A · Scholten et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5131397A · Crowley · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5147355A · Cravalho et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5156157A · Nappholz et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5158536A · Sekins et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5161533A · Prass et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5167231A · Matsui · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5186177A · O'Donnell et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5190540A · Lee · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5190546A · Jervis · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5201729A · Hertzmann et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5207672A · Martinelli et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5209748A · Daikuzono · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5222953A · Dowlatshahi · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5226430A · Bourgelais et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5242439A · Larsen et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5255679A · Imran · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5271408A · Breyer et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5273026A · Wilk · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5281213A · Milder et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5281215A · Milder · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5282468A · Klepinski · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5292321A · Lee · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5295484A · Hynynen et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5300085A · Yock · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5304214A · DeFord et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5305756A · Entrekin et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5314463A · Camps et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5320617A · Leach · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5324255A · Gesswein et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5325860A · Seward et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5342292A · Nita et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5342357A · Nardella · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5342409A · Mullett · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5344435A · Schaefermeyer et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5345940A · Seward et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5348554A · Imran et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5350377A · Winston et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5351691A · Brommersma · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5366443A · Eggers et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5366490A · Edwards et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5368031A · Cline et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5368035A · Crowley et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5368557A · Mills et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5368558A · Nita · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5370675A · Edwards et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5370678A · Edwards et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5372138A · Abele et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5374265A · Sand · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5383876A · Nardella · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5385148A · Jackson et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5385544A · Edwards et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5391197A · Burdette et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5391199A · Ben-Haim · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5405376A · Mulier et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5411527A · Alt · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5417719A · Hull et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5419767A · Eggers et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5421338A · Crowley et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5423811A · Imran et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5431649A · Muller et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5433739A · Sluijter et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US D361555S · Bettin et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5437661A · Rieser · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5441499A · Fritzsch · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5441527A · Erickson et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5443463A · Stern et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5447509A · Mills et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5449380A · Chin · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5454373A · Crowley · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5458596A · Lax et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5458597A · Edwards et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5471988A · Fujio et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5472441A · Edwards et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5474530A · Gesswein et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5484432A · Sand · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5486170A · Winston et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5501703A · Holsheirner et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5505730A · Edwards · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5514130A · Baker · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5524624A · Tepper et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5526815A · Granz et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5529580A · Hagino et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5540679A · Bems et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5540681A · Strul et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5540684A · Hassler, Jr. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5545161A · Imran · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5560362A · Curley et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5565005A · Bettin et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5569242A · Lax et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5571088A · Beaudet et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5571147A · Sluijter et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5575772A · Lennox · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5575788A · Baker et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5588432A · Crowley · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5596988A · Markle et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5601526A · Blanc et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5606974A · Castellano et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5609151A · Mulier et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5620479A · Diederich · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5628317A · Starkebaum et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5630426A · Shmulewitz et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5630837A · Crowley · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5643319A · Green et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5643330A · Holsheimer et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5647361A · Damadian · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5647871A · Levine et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5658278A · Imran et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5672173A · Gough et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5681282A · Eggers et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5683366A · Eggers et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5685839A · Baker et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5687729A · Schaetzle · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5688267A · Panescu · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5693052A · Weaver · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5697281A · Eggers et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5697536A · Eggers et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5697882A · Eggers et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5697909A · Eggers et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5697927A · Imran et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5700262A · Acosta et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5718231A · Chen et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5720286A · Blanc et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5720287A · Chapelon et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5722403A · McGee et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5725494A · Brisken · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5728062A · Brisken · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5730706A · Garnies · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5733315A · Burdette et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5735280A · Sherman et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5735811A · Brisken · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5735846A · Fleischman et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5735847A · Gough et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5738680A · Mueller et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5741249A · Moss et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5743904A · Edwards · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5746737A · Saadat · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5752969A · Cunci et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5755663A · Johnson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5762066A · Law et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5762616A · Talish · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5766153A · Eggers et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5766231A · Bettin · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5776092A · Farin et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5785705A · Baker · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5800378A · Edwards et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5800429A · Edwards · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5800432A · Swanson · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5807237A · Tindel · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5807391A · Cornelius et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5807392A · Eggers · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5807395A · Mulier et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5810764A · Eggers et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5817021A · Reichenberger · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824021A · Rise · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5840031A · Crowley · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5843019A · Eggers et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5843021A · Edwards et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5844092A · Presta et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5846218A · Brisken et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5849011A · Jones et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5855576A · LeVeen et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5860951A · Eggers et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5865788A · Edwards et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5865801A · Houser · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5868740A · LeVeen et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5871469A · Eggers et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5871470A · McWha · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5871481A · Kannenberg et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5873855A · Eggers et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5873877A · McGaffigan et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5876398A · Muller et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5888198A · Eggers et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5891095A · Eggers et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5895370A · Edwards et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5902272A · Eggers et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5902308A · Murphy · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5904681A · West, Jr. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5906613A · Mulier et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5916213A · Haissaguerre et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5916214A · Cosio · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5919188A · Shearon et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5931805A · Brisken · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5935123A · Edwards et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5938582A · Ciamacco et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5941722A · Chen · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5941876A · Nardella et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5944715A · Goble et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5948007A · Starkebaum et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5948008A · Daikuzono · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5954716A · Sharkey et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5964727A · Edwards et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5967988A · Briscoe et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5972015A · Scribner et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5976105A · Casson et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5983141A · Sluijter et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5997497A · Nita et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6001095A · de la Rama et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6007533A · Casscells et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6007570A · Sharkey et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6012457A · Lesh · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6014588A · Fitz · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6016452A · Kasevich · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6016809A · Muller et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6017356A · Frederick et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6019776A · Preissman et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6022334A · Edwards et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6024733A · Eggers et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6024740A · Lesh et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6030374A · McDaniel · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6030402A · Thompson et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6032673A · Alden et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6032674A · Eggers et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6033411A · Preissman et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6035238A · Ingle et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6045532A · Eggers et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6046187A · Berde et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6047214A · Gyurcsik et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6050995A · Durgin · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6053172A · Hovda et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6053909A · Shadduck · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6038480A · Hrdlicka et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6063078A · Wittkampf · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6063079A · Hovda et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6066134A · Eggers et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6066139A · Ryan et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6068642A · Johnson et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6071279A · Fleishman et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6073051A · Sharkey et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6074352A · Foldes et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6086585A · Hovda et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6090105A · Zepeda et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6095149A · Sharkey et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6099499A · Clamacco · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6099514A · Sharkey et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6099524A · Lipson et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6102046A · Weinstein et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6104957A · Alo et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6105581A · Eggers et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6106454A · Berg et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6109268A · Thapliyal et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6112122A · Schwardt et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6113597A · Eggers et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6117101A · Diederich et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6117109A · Eggers et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6117128A · Gregory · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6120467A · Schallhorn · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6120502A · Michelson · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6122549A · Sharkey et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6126682A · Ashley et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6137209A · Dahlberg et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6139545A · Utley et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6142992A · Cheng et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6143019A · Motamedi et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6146380A · Racz et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6149620A · Baker et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6159194A · Eggers et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6159208A · Hovda et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6161048A · Sluijter et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6164283A · Lesh · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6165172A · Farley et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6168593B1 · Sharkey et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6169924B1 · Meloy et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6171239B1 · Humphrey · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6176857B1 · Ashley · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6179824B1 · Eggers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6179836B1 · Eggers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6179858B1 · Squire et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6183469B1 · Thapliyal et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6190381B1 · Olsen et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6190383B1 · Schmaltz et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6193715B1 · Wrublewski et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6203542B1 · Elsberry et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6206842B1 · Tu et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6210393B1 · Brisken · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6210402B1 · Olsen et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6210415B1 · Bester · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6216704B1 · Ingle et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6221038B1 · Brisken · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6224592B1 · Eggers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6228046B1 · Brisken · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6228078B1 · Eggers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6228082B1 · Baker et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6231516B1 · Keilman et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6231528B1 · Kaufman et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6231571B1 · Ellman et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6231615B1 · Preissman · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6233488B1 · Hess · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6235020B1 · Cheng et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6235022B1 · Hallock et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6235024B1 · Tu · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6237604B1 · Burnside et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6238391B1 · Olsen et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6238393B1 · Mulier et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6241665B1 · Negus et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6241725B1 · Cosman · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6241734B1 · Scribner et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6245064B1 · Lesh · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6246912B1 · Sluijter et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6248110B1 · Reiley et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6248345B1 · Goldenheim et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6254553B1 · Lidgren et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6254599B1 · Lesh et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6254600B1 · Willink et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6258086B1 · Ashley et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6259952B1 · Sluijter · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6261311B1 · Sharkey et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6264650B1 · Hovda et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6264651B1 · Underwood et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6264652B1 · Eggers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6264659B1 · Ross et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6267770B1 · Truwit · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6270498B1 · Michelson · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6277112B1 · Underwood et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6277122B1 · McGahan et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6280441B1 · Ryan · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6280456B1 · Scribner et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6283961B1 · Underwood et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6287114B1 · Meller et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6287272B1 · Brisken et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6287304B1 · Eggers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6290715B1 · Sharkey et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6292699B1 · Simon et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6296619B1 · Brisken et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6296636B1 · Cheng et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6296638B1 · Davison et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6305378B1 · Lesh et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6309387B1 · Eggers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6309420B1 · Preissman · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6312408B1 · Eggers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6312425B1 · Simpson et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6312426B1 · Goldberg et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6319241B1 · King et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6322549B1 · Eggers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]