IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,193,825
Granted Patent B2
US 12,193,825 · App. 17/544,782 · Granted Jan 14, 2025

Multiscale brain electrode devices and methods for using the multiscale brain electrodes

Inventors: Benjamin H. Brinkmann (Byron, MN); Squire Matthew Stead (Bozeman, MT); Gregory Worrell (Rochester, MN)
Assignee: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
A61B5/291A61B5/0006A61B5/4064A61B5/4094A61B5/6868A61B5/7264A61B5/053A61B5/055A61B5/4836A61B5/7257A61B5/726A61B5/7282A61B2562/04
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,193,825
App. No.
17/544,782
Granted
Jan 14, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Multiscale brain electrodes can be used for spatiotemporal mapping, probing, and therapeutic modulation of the human brain. The applications for such functional mapping and electrical stimulation modulation span, for example, neurological and psychiatric diseases, and brain rehabilitation.

Claims (49)

1. A brain electrode device comprising:

one or more macroelectrodes;

a respective plurality of microelectrodes encompassed within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes, wherein each microelectrode of the respective plurality of microelectrodes and each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes is electrically isolated; and

a respective plurality of additional electrodes within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes,

wherein each additional electrode of the respective plurality of additional electrodes is larger than each microelectrode of the respective plurality of microelectrodes,

wherein the respective plurality of additional electrodes within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes includes a respective first subset of additional electrodes having a first size and a respective second subset of additional electrodes having a second size larger than the first size,

wherein the respective plurality of microelectrodes surround the respective first subset of additional electrodes according to a first iteration of a fractal pattern and the respective first subset of additional electrodes surround the respective second subset of additional electrodes according to a second iteration of the fractal pattern.

2. The brain electrode device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more macroelectrodes comprise at least two macroelectrodes.

3. The brain electrode device of claim 1 , wherein the brain electrode device is configured for permanent implantation in contact with a brain of a human patient.

4. The brain electrode device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more macroelectrodes comprise at least ten macroelectrodes.

5. The brain electrode device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of microelectrodes encompassed within each macroelectrode comprises at least 16 microelectrodes.

6. The brain electrode device of claim 1 , wherein the respective second subset of additional electrodes surround a central electrode of the macroelectrode according to a third iteration of the fractal pattern, the central electrode having a third size larger than the second size.

7. A method of stimulating and mapping activity of a brain of a human patient, the method comprising:

coupling a brain electrode device to the patient such that the brain electrode device can detect EEGs of the brain, wherein the brain electrode device comprises:

one or more macroelectrodes;

a respective plurality of microelectrodes encompassed within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes, wherein each microelectrode of the respective plurality of microelectrodes and each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes is electrically isolated; and

a respective plurality of additional electrodes within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes,

wherein each additional electrode of the respective plurality of additional electrodes is larger than each microelectrode of the respective plurality of microelectrodes,

wherein the respective plurality of additional electrodes within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes includes a respective first subset of additional electrodes having a first size and a respective second subset of additional electrodes having a second size larger than the first size,

wherein the respective plurality of microelectrodes surround the respective first subset of additional electrodes according to a first iteration of a fractal pattern and the respective first subset of additional electrodes surround the respective second subset of additional electrodes according to a second iteration of the fractal pattern;

providing an electrical stimulation to the brain from the one or more macroelectrodes; and

after providing the electrical stimulation, detecting, using the plurality of microelectrodes, micro-EEGs from the brain.

8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising recording EEGs from the brain using the one or more macroelectrodes.

9. The method of claim 7 , further comprising determining, based on the micro-EEGs, that the patient is having micro-seizures.

10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising determining, based on the determining that the patient is having micro-seizures, one or more seizure loci.

11. The method of claim 7 , further comprising determining one or more loci based on determining the patient is having one of more of: (i) changes in pathological biomarkers recorded on the brain electrode device, (ii) micro epileptiform discharges, (iii) pathological high frequency oscillations, (iv) focal slow-wave oscillations, (v) micro DC-shifts, and (vi) micro-seizures.

12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the respective second subset of additional electrodes surround a central electrode of the macroelectrode according to a third iteration of the fractal pattern, the central electrode having a third size larger than the second size.

13. A brain electrode device for recording electrical and magnetic fields, the device comprising:

one or more macroelectrodes and magnetometers;

a respective plurality of microelectrodes encompassed within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes, wherein each microelectrode of the respective plurality of microelectrodes and each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes is electrically isolated; and

a respective plurality of additional electrodes within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes,

wherein each additional electrode of the respective plurality of additional electrodes is larger than each microelectrode of the respective plurality of microelectrodes,

wherein the respective plurality of additional electrodes within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes includes a respective first subset of additional electrodes having a first size and a respective second subset of additional electrodes having a second size larger than the first size,

wherein the respective plurality of microelectrodes surround the respective first subset of additional electrodes according to a first iteration of a fractal pattern and the respective first subset of additional electrodes surround the respective second subset of additional electrodes according to a second iteration of the fractal pattern.

14. The brain electrode device of claim 13 , wherein the respective second subset of additional electrodes surround a central electrode of the macroelectrode according to a third iteration of the fractal pattern, the central electrode having a third size larger than the second size.

15. A system comprising:

one or more multiscale electrodes configured and operable for (i) actively probing, (ii) passively recording, and (iii) measuring biomarkers including at least one of the group including interictal spikes, high frequency oscillations, focal slow oscillations, focal DC shifts, and microseizures, the one or more multiscale electrodes comprising:

one or more macroelectrodes;

a respective plurality of microelectrodes encompassed within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes, wherein each microelectrode of the respective plurality of microelectrodes and each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes is electrically isolated; and

a respective plurality of additional electrodes within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes,

wherein each additional electrode of the respective plurality of additional electrodes is larger than each microelectrode of the respective plurality of microelectrodes,

wherein the respective plurality of additional electrodes within each macroelectrode of the one or more macroelectrodes includes a respective first subset of additional electrodes having a first size and a respective second subset of additional electrodes having a second size larger than the first size,

wherein the respective plurality of microelectrodes surround the respective first subset of additional electrodes according to a first iteration of a fractal pattern and the respective first subset of additional electrodes surround the respective second subset of additional electrodes according to a second iteration of the fractal pattern; and

a computer processing system configured and operable for:

analyzing multi-scale electrophysiological data acquired from the one or more multiscale electrodes; and

mapping an epileptogenic brain using the multi-scale electrophysiological data acquired from the one or more multiscale electrodes.

16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the biomarkers are measured on micro-scales during an interictal state.

17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the interictal state is during intraoperative or during pharmacological interventions.

18. The system of claim 15 , wherein the respective second subset of additional electrodes surround a central electrode of the macroelectrode according to a third iteration of the fractal pattern, the central electrode having a third size larger than the second size.

Assignments (2)
CONFIRMATORY LICENSE Recorded Jul 26, 2023
From: MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER
To: NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH (NIH), U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (DHHS), U.S. GOVERNMENT
Reel/Frame 064388/0508 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 5, 2023
From: BRINKMANN, BENJAMIN H.; STEAD, SQUIRE M.; WORRELL, GREGORY A.
To: MAYO FOUNDATION FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
Reel/Frame 063235/0169 →
Continuity (3)
Continuation 16098335
Provisional Application 62334843 · May 11, 2016
Related Publication 20220211312A1 · Jul 7, 2022
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