Access control method for a motor vehicle and access control system
The invention relates to an access control method for a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle has at least a first and a second access element automatically adjustable between a closed position and an open position. The method comprises at least the following steps: detecting at least one position of a key element carried by a user relative to the motor vehicle by radio; calculating a probability of use for each access element depending on the at least one detected position of the key element; adjusting both the first access element and the second access element from the closed position to the open position if: the probability of use of each of the first and second access elements is above a predetermined first threshold value; and an absolute value of a difference in the probability of use of the first and second access elements is below a predetermined second threshold value.
1. A method for access control of a motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle comprises a first and a second access element, wherein each is automatically adjusted between a closed position and an open position and configured as a door, the method comprising:
detecting, by radio and a detection device, at least one position of a key element carried by a user relative to the motor vehicle;
calculating, by a prediction device, a probability of use for each of the first and second access element based on the at least one detected position of the key element with the prediction device;
determining that:
the probability of use of each of the first and second access element is above a predetermined first threshold value; and
an absolute value of a difference in the probability of use of the first and second access element is below a predetermined second threshold value; and
in response to the determining, adjusting, by an adjustment device, each of the first and second access element from the closed position to the open position with the adjustment device.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of consecutive positions of the key element are detected and the plurality of consecutive positions of the key element are taken into account in the calculation of the probability of use for each of the first and second access element.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein, for each of the first and second access element, a first probability of use and at least one subsequent second probability of use is calculated.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein:
the first access element is adjusted into the closed position if:
the first access element is in the open position; and
the second probability of use of the first access element is below a predetermined fourth threshold; or
the second access element is adjusted into its closed position if:
the second access element is in the open position; and
the second probability of use of the second access element is below a predetermined fifth threshold value.
5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein at least one of the first access element or the second access element is adjusted into its closed position if previously having been adjusted in the open position and if:
the first and second access elements are in open positions; and
an absolute value of a difference in the second probability of use of the first and second access element is above a predetermined sixth threshold value;
wherein at least one of the first access element or the second access element to be adjusted into the closed position has a smaller second probability of use than the probability of use of the other one of the first access element or the second access element.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first access element is adjusted from its closed position to the open position and the second access element remains in the closed position instead of adjusting each of the first and second access element from the closed position to the open position if:
the probability of use of each of the first and second access elements is above the predetermined first threshold; and
the probability of use of the first access element is higher than the probability of use of the second access element by a predetermined third threshold value.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second access element is adjusted into the closed position if the first access element has been manually adjusted into its closed position by the user.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second access element are adjusted into the closed position based on a trigger signal if previously having been adjusted in the open position, the trigger signal comprising at least one of:
a starting of an engine of the motor vehicle;
an opening of an access element other than one of the first and second access element;
a motor vehicle speed above a predetermined minimum speed; or
an actuation of a lock of the motor vehicle.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first access element and the second access element is adjusted into the closed position if previously having been adjusted in the open position when the detected position of the key element carried by the user is located in an interior of the motor vehicle.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a stored user behavior is taken into account when calculating the probability of use for each of the first and second access element.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a surrounding of the motor vehicle comprising at least one of walls or other motor vehicles is taken into account in the calculation of the probability of use for each of the first and second access element.
12. An access control system for a motor vehicle comprising:
an adjustment device for automatically adjusting at least a first and a second access element of the motor vehicle comprising a first door and a second door between their respective open position and respective closed position;
at least one portable key element;
a detection device configured to detect at least one position of the key element relative to the motor vehicle by radio; and
a prediction device configured to calculate a probability of use for each of the first and second access element based on the at least one detected position of the key element,
wherein the adjustment device is configured to adjust each of the first and second access element from the closed position to the open position if:
the probability of use of each of the first and second access elements is above a predetermined first threshold value; and
an absolute value of a difference in the probability of use of the first and second access element is below a predetermined second threshold value.
13. The access control system according to claim 12 , wherein the key element is configured as at least one of a radio key, smartphone, smartwatch, key card, RFID chip or remote control.
14. The access control system according to claim 12 comprising a comparator device configured to:
compare the probability of use of each of the first access element and the second access element with the respective threshold values to determine whether a respective probability of use of each of the first access element and the second access element is above or below the respective threshold values;
calculate respective absolute values of differences in the probability of use of each of the first access element and the second access element and their respective threshold values; and
determine which of the probability of use of each of the first access element and the second access element is higher.