Production of renewable fuel for steam generation for heavy oil extraction
Methods and systems are described for improving the efficiency and reducing the carbon intensity of transportation fuels produced from heavy oil extracted with the steam injection process, by replacing natural gas from fossil fuel sources with a substitute renewable gas produced from solid carbonaceous materials while co-producing a solid carbonaceous byproduct.
1. A method for a heavy oil extraction process having a carbon footprint by a reduced-carbon process, the method comprising:
receiving, by a pyrolyzer for use in a gas production process,
(a) a fuel input stream comprising a carbon-based fuel, and
(b) a solid, carbon-based feedstock input from a renewable feedstock source,
indirectly heating the solid carbon-based feedstock input by the fuel in the pyrolyzer via an anaerobic pyrolysis process to produce, from the feedstock, a liberated renewable output gas, the renewable output gas having a calorific value sufficient for use in steam generation, and a carbonaceous residual solid output, the carbonaceous residual solid output comprising carbon removed from the atmosphere via plant growth, thereby reducing the carbon footprint of the of the oil extraction process;
directing the renewable output gas to a gas recycling unit, and dividing, by the gas recycling unit, the renewable output gas into a first portion and a second portion;
using the first portion of the renewable output gas to provide energy for a steam generator, thereby reducing an amount of natural gas utilized in the steam generator; and
using steam from the steam generator in a heavy oil extraction process, thereby reducing the carbon footprint of the oil extraction process.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a stream of recycled gas includes methane and other combustible gasses.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the calorific value of the renewable output gas is between about 250 BTU/cf and about 1100 BTU/cf.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the feedstock input is obtained from a biogenic plant material that converts atmospheric carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates, lignins, and other plant materials.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residual carbonaceous solid exits the pyrolyzer separately from the output gas.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the output gas comprises one or more of the group consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the first portion of the renewable output gas is subject to a hydrogen separation process, wherein the hydrogen separation process is configured to generate hydrogen gas and a tail gas comprising one or more of methane, butane, propane and octane, and wherein at least a portion of the tail gas is fed into the fuel input stream.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the separated hydrogen gas has a purity of over 80 percent.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the tail gas has a calorific value between about 250 BTU/cf and about 1100 BTU/cf.
10. The method of claim 9 , comprising flowing the separated hydrogen gas into a hydrotreating facility to treat, via a hydrotreatment process, a portion of a heavy oil output from the heavy oil extraction process.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the hydrotreatment process comprises removing one or more contaminants of the heavy oil output.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the one or more contaminants comprise at least one of the group consisting of sulfur, a sulfur compound, nitrogen, a nitrogen compound, an olefin, and an aromatic compound.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the hydrotreatment process comprises hydrodesulphurization.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the hydrotreatment process reduces emission of sulfur dioxide during combustion of a fuel obtained from the heavy oil output.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis process occurs at a temperature of between about 400° C. and about 800° C.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis process occurs at a temperature between about 450° C. and about 750° C.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein a heating rate of the pyrolysis process is between about 1° C./min and about 15° C./min.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the heating rate of the pyrolysis process is between about 5° C./min and about 10° C./min.
19. A system for a heavy oil extraction process having a carbon footprint by a reduced-carbon process, the system comprising:
a pyrolyzer for use in a gas production process, wherein the pyrolyzer is configured to:
receive (a) a fuel input stream comprising a carbon-based fuel, and (b) a solid, carbon-based feedstock input from a renewable feedstock source;
indirectly heat the solid carbon-based feedstock input by the fuel in the pyrolyzer via an anaerobic pyrolysis process; and
produce, from the feedstock, a liberated renewable output gas, the renewable output gas having a calorific value sufficient for use in steam generation, and a carbonaceous residual solid output, the carbonaceous residual solid output comprising carbon removed from the atmosphere via plant growth, thereby reducing the carbon footprint of the of the oil extraction process;
a gas recycling unit,
wherein the pyrolyzer is configured to direct the renewable output gas to the gas recycling unit, and
wherein the gas recycling unit is configured to divide the renewable output gas into a first portion and a second portion; and
a steam generator configured to generate steam using energy from the first portion of the renewable output gas, thereby reducing an amount of natural gas utilized in the steam generator,
wherein using steam generated by the steam generator in a heavy oil extraction process reduces a carbon footprint of the oil extraction process.