Method for directly preparing nickel sulfate from low nickel matte, nickel sulfate and application thereof
The present invention provides a method for directly preparing nickel sulfate from low nickel matte, a nickel sulfate and an application thereof, the method comprising the following steps: a) pre-treating a low nickel matte to obtain ferronickel powder; b) mixing the ferronickel powder with a sulfuric acid solution, stirring, dissolving, and then evaporating, to obtain a supersaturated sulfate solution; c) cooling the supersaturated sulfate solution to −5° C.-0° C., and performing suction filtration to obtain an insoluble solid; d) washing the insoluble solid with water, and removing impurities from the filtrate to obtain a nickel hydroxide precipitate; impurity removal comprising successively removing iron, and removing calcium and magnesium; e) washing the nickel hydroxide precipitate with water, acid-dissolving and evaporating to obtain nickel sulfate. The present invention increases the amount of nickel recovered, the purity of nickel sulfate being 18.10%-19.24% nickel, and the recovery rate being 94.8%-97.1%.
1. A method for directly preparing nickel sulfate using low nickel matte, comprising the following steps:
a) pretreating low nickel matte to obtain ferronickel powder, wherein the pretreatment includes grinding and drying the low nickel matte to obtain ferronickel powder with a particle size of >200 mesh;
b) mixing the ferronickel powder with sulfuric acid solution to obtain a mixture, stirring the mixture to dissolve, and then evaporating the dissolved mixture to obtain a supersaturated sulfate solution;
c) cooling the supersaturated sulfate solution to −5 to 0° C. and filtering the cooled supersaturated sulfate solution with suction to obtain a precipitated solid;
d) washing the precipitated solid with water to remove an insoluble residue to obtain a filtrate, and removing impurities from the filtrate to obtain nickel hydroxide precipitation; the removal of impurities includes successively removing iron, removing calcium and magnesium;
e) water-washing, acid dissolving and evaporating the nickel hydroxide precipitate to obtain nickel sulfate;
wherein step d) comprises:
d1) washing the precipitated solid with water to remove an insoluble residue to obtain a filtrate; a solid-to-liquid ratio (w/v) of the precipitated solid to the water is 1: (4-8), a temperature of washing is 60-95° C.; mixing the filtrate with a dilute alkali solution to perform reaction, and then performing solid-liquid separation to obtain an iron-removed solution;
d2) mixing the iron-removed solution with a dilute alkali solution and fluoride salt to perform reaction, and then performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a calcium- and magnesium-removed solution;
d3) mixing the calcium- and magnesium-removed solution with a dilute alkali solution to perform reaction, and then performing solid-liquid separation to obtain nickel hydroxide precipitate.
2. The method for directly preparing nickel sulfate using low nickel matte according to claim 1 , wherein in step a), a mass percentage of nickel in the low nickel matte is 5-20%.
3. The method for directly preparing nickel sulfate using low nickel matte according to claim 1 , wherein step b) comprises: adding the ferronickel powder into an open container, and then adding the sulfuric acid solution to obtain a mixture, stirring the mixture to dissolve, and then evaporating the dissolved mixture to obtain a supersaturated sulfate solution; a solid-to-liquid ratio (w/v) of the ferronickel powder to the sulfuric acid solution is 1: (3-10), a molar concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 0.01-0.08 mol/L, a temperature of the dissolution is 35-65° C., a temperature of the evaporation is 100-120° C., a time of the stirring is 20-60 min; the supersaturated sulfate solution comprises supersaturated nickel sulfate solution, supersaturated iron sulfate solution and supersaturated magnesium sulfate solution.
4. The method for directly preparing nickel sulfate using low nickel matte according to claim 3 , wherein step c) comprises: after the temperature of the supersaturated sulfate solution in the open container has dropped to 20-25° C., cooling the supersaturated sulfate solution in the open container to −5 to 0° C., then removing an ice layer, and filtering off the solution with suction to obtain an precipitated solid; wherein the ice layer includes sulfuric acid, and the precipitated solid includes sulfate crystal.
5. The method for directly preparing nickel sulfate using low nickel matte according to claim 1 , wherein in step d1), the dilute alkali solution is selected from sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, lithium hydroxide solution, and barium hydroxide solution, and a molar concentration of the dilute alkali solution is 0.01-0.2 mol/L; a pH of the mixed reaction solution is 2.0-3.5 to control a potential of the filtrate at 0.25-0.4 V; a temperature of the reaction is 60-95° C.
6. The method for directly preparing nickel sulfate using low nickel matte according to claim 1 , wherein in step d2), the dilute alkali solution is selected from sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, lithium hydroxide solution, and barium hydroxide solution, and a molar concentration of the dilute alkali solution is 0.01-0.2 mol/L; the fluoride salt is selected from sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride; a pH of the mixed reaction solution is 4.8-5.5; a molar concentration ratio of the sum of magnesium ions and calcium ions to the fluoride ions in the mixed reaction solution is 1:1.5-5; a temperature of the reaction is 60-95° C.
7. The method for directly preparing nickel sulfate using low nickel matte according to claim 1 , wherein in step d3), the dilute alkali solution is selected from sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, lithium hydroxide solution, and barium hydroxide solution, and a molar concentration of the dilute alkali solution is 0.01-0.2 mol/L; a pH of the mixed reaction solution is 7.0-8.5.