IP Library Granted Patent US 12,201,637
Granted Patent B2
US 12,201,637 · App. 18/219,783 · Granted Jan 21, 2025

Dosing regimen for sedation with CNS 7056 (Remimazolam)

Inventors: Karin Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi (Simmermath, DE); Keith Borkett (Houghton Camps, GB); Gary Stuart Tilbrook (Huntingdon, GB); Hugh Wiltshire (Digswell, GB)
Assignee: PAION UK LTD.
A61K31/5517A61K9/0019A61K31/4468A61K45/06
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,201,637
App. No.
18/219,783
Granted
Jan 21, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

The invention relates to a dosing regimen for sedation with the fast-acting benzodiazepine CNS 7056 in combination with an opioid, in particular fentanyl, whereas CNS 7056 is given in a dose of 2 to 20 mg, preferably between 4 and 9 mg and most preferably between 5 and 8 mg.

Claims (18)

1. A method of sedating an adult human comprising administering intravenously to the adult human an initial dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising 2.5 mg to 5 mg of 3-[(4S)-8-bromo-1-methyl-6-(2-pyridinyl)-4H-imidazol[1,2-a] [1,4] benzodiazepine-4-yl]-propionic methyl ester (formula (I)

or a besylate salt thereof, over a period of about 1 minute.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human is administered 3-[(4S)-8-bromo-1-methyl-6-(2-pyridinyl)-4H-imidazol[1,2-a][1,4] benzodiazepine-4-yl]-propionic methyl ester besylate.

3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising administering to the human at least one top-up dose given after the initial dose of the compound of formula (I), or the besylate salt thereof.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the at least one top-up dose of the compound of formula (I), or the besylate salt thereof, is administered not less than 2 minutes after the initial dose or a previous top-up dose.

5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the at least one top-up dose given after the initial dose or a previous top-up dose of the compound of formula (I), or the besylate salt thereof, is in an amount of less than 3 mg.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the at least one top-up dose of the compound of formula (I), or the besylate salt thereof, is administered not less than 2 minutes after the initial dose.

7. The method of claim 3 , wherein the at least one top-up dose given after the initial dose or after a previous top-up dose of the compound of formula (I), or the besylate salt thereof, is in an amount of between about 2 mg and 3 mg.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the at least one top-up dose of the compound of formula (I), or the besylate salt thereof, is administered not less than 2 minutes after the initial dose.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sedation lasts for less than 30 minutes.

10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining a patient airway or positive pressure ventilation in the human.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises saline.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adult human is undergoing an operative procedure.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the operative procedure is a diagnostic procedure.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the diagnostic procedure is an endoscopic procedure.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the endoscopic procedure is colonoscopy.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the endoscopic procedure is upper GI endoscopy.

17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the operative procedure is a therapeutic procedure.

Priority Claims (4)
EP 10014366 · Nov 8, 2010 · regional
EP 10014784 · Nov 19, 2010 · regional
EP 10014819 · Nov 22, 2010 · regional
EP 10014972 · Nov 25, 2010 · regional
Continuity (9)
Continuation 16905547 · Jun 18, 2020
Continuation 16457387 · Jun 28, 2019
Continuation 16213879 · Dec 7, 2018
Continuation 16039198 · Jul 18, 2018
Continuation 15792636 · Oct 24, 2017
Continuation 15647143 · Jul 11, 2017
Continuation 15400117 · Jan 6, 2017
Continuation 13883935
Related Publication 20230346796A1 · Nov 2, 2023
References Cited (214)
US 3520877A · Fryer et al. · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3795673A · Meguro et al. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3933794A · Hester et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4133809A · Vogt · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4427590A · Allgeier et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4487771A · Baglioni · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4489003A · Hunkeler et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4621083A · Casals-Stenzel et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4724237A · Bock et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4755508A · Bock et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4820834A · Evans et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 5019583A · Feldman et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5185331A · Freidinger et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5220017A · Bock et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5324726A · Bock et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5550126A · Horwell et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5665718A · Godel et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5698691A · Yukimasa et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5753649A · Tahara et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5834464A · Bock et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 6222032B1 · Bertrand et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6916923B2 · Ding et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 7160880B1 · Feldman et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7435730B2 · Feldman et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7473689B2 · Feldman et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7528127B2 · Feldman et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7625948B2 · Hagiwara et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 8039460B2 · Burgey et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8865886B2 · Miyawaki et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 9050622B2 · Aitken et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9440025B2 · Kanderian et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9561236B2 · Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 9737547B2 · Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 9827251B1 · Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 9838177B2 · Sun et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 10052334B2 · Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi · 2018 [cited by examiner]
US 10195210B2 · Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 10342800B2 · Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 10472365B2 · Tilbrook et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10722522B2 · Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 20020010175A1 · Doherty · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020055500A1 · Wu et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20060094652A1 · Levy et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060198896A1 · Liversidge et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070004706A1 · Petho et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070093475A1 · Feldman et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20100075955A1 · Tilbrook et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100081647A1 · Tilbrook et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100158996A1 · Hagiwara et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110294843A1 · Mariola et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120330007A1 · Tilbrook et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20140080815A1 · Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150006104A1 · Okada et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150148338A1 · Graham et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150224114A1 · Kondo et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150368199A1 · Tilbrook et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160009680A1 · Kawakami et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160176881A1 · Tilbrook et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170044135A1 · Tilbrook et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180002338A1 · Tilbrook et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180042939A1 · Wilhelm et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
AU 640113B2 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
CA 999860A · 1976 [cited by applicant]
CA 1126730A · 1982 [cited by applicant]
CA 2032222A1 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
CA 2032427A1 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
CA 2071181A1 · 1992 [cited by applicant]
CA 1336824C · 1995 [cited by applicant]
CA 1339439C · 1997 [cited by applicant]
CH 608234A5 · 1978 [cited by applicant]
CN 101501019A · 2009 [cited by applicant]
EP 0167919A2 · 1986 [cited by applicant]
EP 0264797A2 · 1988 [cited by applicant]
EP 0434360A1 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
EP 0434364A2 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
EP 0523845A2 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
EP 0368972B1 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
EP 1183243B1 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
FR 2034577A1 · 1970 [cited by applicant]
FR 2183716A1 · 1973 [cited by applicant]
FR 2414043A1 · 1979 [cited by applicant]
GB 1243953A · 1971 [cited by applicant]
GB 2259013A · 1993 [cited by applicant]
JP 03500894A · 1991 [cited by applicant]
JP 2002544266A · 2002 [cited by applicant]
JP 2011153104A · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO 8910127A1 · 1989 [cited by applicant]
WO 9105549A1 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
WO 9620941A1 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
WO 9623790A1 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
WO 9741896A2 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO 9800405A1 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 0069836A1 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO 2005077072A2 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 2006010620A2 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO 2006044504A1 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO 2006078554A2 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO 2008007071A1 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO 2008007081A1 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO 2008147815A1 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO 2009145323A1 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO 2010116794A1 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
WO 2011032692A1 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO 2011054845A1 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO 2012062439A1 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013029431A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013174883A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 13/883,935, filed Sep. 10, 2013. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 15/400,117, filed Jan. 6, 2017. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 15/647,143, filed Jul. 11, 2017. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 15/792,636, filed Oct. 24, 2017. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 16/039,198, filed Jul. 18, 2018. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 16/213,879, filed Dec. 7, 2018. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 16/457,387, filed Jun. 28, 2019. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 16/905,547, filed Jun. 18, 2020. [cited by applicant]
Antonik et al., “A Placebo- and Midazolam-Controlled Phase I Single Ascending-Dose Study Evaluating the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Remimazolam (CNS 7056): Part 1. Safety, Efficacy, and Basic Pharm… [cited by applicant]
Avdagic et al., “Lipase-catalyzed acatylation of 3-substituted 2,3-dihydro-1 H-1,4-bezodiazepin-2-ones. Effect of temperature and conformation on enantioselectivity and configuration”, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1998, vol. 81, N… [cited by applicant]
Baheti et al., “Excipients used in lyophilization of small molecules”, Journal of Excipients and Food Chemicals, International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council, Americas, United States, Jan. 2010, vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 41… [cited by applicant]
Bard, “The BIS monitor: a review and technology assessment”, AANA journal, 2001, vol. 69.6, pp. 477-484. [cited by applicant]
Bauer et al, “Prolonged Sedation due to Accumulation of Conjugated Metabolites of Midazolam,” The Lancet, 1995, vol. 346, pp. 145-147. [cited by applicant]
Bock et al., “Curtius rearrangement in the 5-phenyl-1,4-benzodiazepine series. Unprecedented participation by an image nitrogen”, Journal Heterocycl. Chem., 1990, vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 631-636. [cited by applicant]
Bodor et al., “Retrometabolic drug design: Principles and recent developments,” Pure Appl. Chem., 2008, vol. 80, No. 8, pp. 1669-1682. [cited by applicant]
Bodor et al., “Soll Drug Design: General Principles and Recent Applications,” Medicinal Research Reviews, 2000, vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 58-101. [cited by applicant]
Chambon et al., “Ethyl Loflazepate: A Prodrug from the Benzodiazepine Series Designed to Dissociate Anxiolvtic and Sedative Activities,” Drug Res, 1985, vol. 35, No. 11, Nr. 10, pp. 1572-1577. [cited by applicant]
Corbella et al., “Stereochemistry of the enzymic 3-hydroxylation of 1,3-dihydro-22H-l,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones”, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1973, No. 19, pp. 721-722. [cited by applicant]
Crowley et al., “Effects of excipients on the stability of medicinal products,” Chemistry Today, 2010, vol. 28, pp. VII-XIII. [cited by applicant]
Crowley, “Excipients as Stabilizers,” Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Today, 1999, vol. 2, pp. 237-243. [cited by applicant]
Declaration of Alessandro Mazzetti Under 37 CFR 1.132, dated Dec. 7, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Dingemanse et al. “Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modelling of the EEF Effects of RO 48-6791, a New Short-Acting Benzodiazepine, in Young and Elderly Subjects.” Br. J. Anaesth. 1997, vol. 79, pp. 567-574. [cited by applicant]
Dorwald, “Side Reactions in Organic Synthesis: A Guide to Successful Synthesis Design,” Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, (ISBN:3-527-31021-5) Preface, 2005, pp. 1-6. [cited by applicant]
Dose-Finding Safety Study Evaluating CNS 7056 in Patients Undergoing Diagnostic Upper GI Endoscopy, ClinicalTrials.gov, Anonymous, Sep. 8, 2010, pp. 1-4. [cited by applicant]
Dr H: “Relative Strengths of the Opioids”, Heroin Helper, Jan. 8, 2004, www.heroinhelper.com/curious/pharmacologv. [cited by applicant]
Feldman et al., “Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Ultrashort-Long Acting Opioid Analgetics,”, J. Med.Chem., 1991, vol. 34, pp. 2202-2208. [cited by applicant]
Fryer et al., “Conformational Shifts at the Benzodiazepine Receptor Related to the Binding of Agonists antagonists and Inverse Agonists,” Life Science, vol. 39, Pergamon Journals Ltd., 1986, pp. 1947-1957. [cited by applicant]
Goodman et al., “The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics” Eighth Edition, 1990, pp. 303-305, 346-358. [cited by applicant]
Goumri-Magnet et al., “Free and Supported Phosphorus Ylides as Strong Neutral Bronsted Bases”, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1999, vol. 64, No. 10, pp. 3741-3744. [cited by applicant]
Greenblatt et al., “Effect of Age, Gender, and Obesity in Midazolam Kinetics,” Anesthesiology, 1984, vol. 61, pp. 27-35. [cited by applicant]
Greene et al., 9-Fluorenylmethyl Carbamate, t-Butyl Carbamate in: Greene, T.W.; Wuts, P.G.M.: “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, Chichester, Weinheim, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapor… [cited by applicant]
Gutkin et al., “Pillcam ESO® is more accurate than clinical scoring systems in risk stratifying emergency room patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding”, Therapeutic Adv. Gastroenterol, 2013, vol. 6, No. 3, p… [cited by applicant]
Hayashi et al., “9-Azanoradamantane N-Oxyl (Nor-AZADO): A Highly Active Organocatalyst for Alcohol Oxidation,” Chem. Phann. Bull., 2011, vol. 59, No. 12, pp. 1570-1573. [cited by applicant]
Hayashi et al., “Oxidative Conversion of Silyl Enol Ethers to alpha-beta-Unsaturated Ketones Employing Oxoammonium Salts,” Organic Letters, 2012, vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 154-157. [cited by applicant]
Heaney et al., “Steric control of reactivity: formation of oximes, benzodiazepinone Noxides and isoxazoloquinolinones”, Journal Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans., 1998, vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 547-559. [cited by applicant]
Hering et al. “CNS Effects of the New Benzodiazepines RO 48-6791 and RO 48-8684 Compared to Midazolam in Young and Elderly Volunteers.” Anesthesiology, 1996, vol. 189, Suppl. 85. [cited by applicant]
Hester et al., “8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo [4,3-a] [1,4] benzodiazepines with Subslituents at C4,” J. Med Chem., 1980, vol. 23, pp. 643-647. [cited by applicant]
Huali et al., “Advances in the study of the stability of lyophilized formulations,” Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jul. 31, 2001, vol. 36, No. 7, Section 2, pp. 436-438. with English Translation (16 paqes). [cited by applicant]
Ichihara, Masato et al., “Preparation of diazepine derivatives as specific inhibitors of human renin”, Database Chemabs Online, Chemical Abstracts Service, 1995, pp. 1-4. [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report of PCT/EP2010/005668, dated Mar. 8, 2012, pp. 1-24. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report, PCT/EP2010/005668, dated Dec. 3, 2010, pp. 1-4. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report, PCT/JP2014/055329, dated Apr. 8, 2014, pp. 1-5. [cited by applicant]
Johnson, “New Horizons in Sedative Hypnotic Drug Development: Fast, Clean, and Soft,” Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2012, vol. 115, No. 2, pp. 220-222. [cited by applicant]
Jordan, “Tamoxifen: a most unlikely pioneering medicine,” Nature Reviews: Drug Discoverv, 2003, vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 205-213. [cited by applicant]
Kelly et al., “Fentanyl midazolam combination for endoscopy sedation is safe and effective”, Gastroenterology, Apr. 1998, vol. 114, pp. A22. [cited by applicant]
Khan et al., “Synthesis of 3-Substituted 1, 4-Benzodiazeptine-2-ones”, Organic Preparations and Procedures Int., 1978, vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 105-111. [cited by applicant]
Kharasch, “Opioid Half-Lives and Hemlines: The Long and Short of Fashion”, Anesthesiology, May 2015, vol. 122, No. 5, pp. 969-970. [cited by applicant]
Kilpatrick et al., “Drug development in anaesthesia: industrial perspective,” Curr. Opin. Anaesth., 2006, vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 385-389. [cited by applicant]
Kilpatrick et al., “CNS 7056: a novel ultra-short-acting Benzodiazepine,” Anesthesiology, 2007, vol. 107, No. 1, pp. 60-66. [cited by applicant]
Krejcie et al., “Recirculatory Pharmacokinelic Modeling: Whal Goes Around, Comes Around,” Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2012, vol. 115, No. 2, pp. 223-226. [cited by applicant]
Lee et al, “The Protective Effect of Lactose and Lyophilization of CNK-20402,” AAPS Phann Sci Tech., 2005, vol. 6, pp. E42-E48. [cited by applicant]
Longcroft-Wheaton et al., “S1421: The Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Sub-Mucosal Injection Solution: Results From a Large Prospective EMR Series”, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 2010, vol. 71, No. 5, AB157. (Abstract Only). [cited by applicant]
Manghisi et al., “Synthesis and Central Nervous Effects of Some 3-Substituted-1, 4-Benzodiazepin-2-0nes”, Boll. Chim. Farm, 1974, vol. 113, pp. 642-644. [cited by applicant]
Mcgregor et al., In-patient benzodiazepine withdrawal: comparison of fixed and symptom-triggered taper methods, May 29, 2009, available at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/09595230100100615. [cited by applicant]
Nakajima et al., “S1418: Case Sensitive Confirmation of Colitis in Viral Gastroenteritis Suggests Clue to Clarify Acute Colitis”, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 2010, vol. 71, No. 5, AB156. (Abstract Only). [cited by applicant]
Ochs et al., “Comparative Single-Dose Kinetics of Oxazolam, prazepam, and clorazepate: three precursors of desmethvldiazepam”, J. Clin. Phannacol, 1984, vol. 24, pp. 446-451. [cited by applicant]
Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Lid., “Results of a Phase 11/111 Study of ONO-2745/CNS 7056, a Short-Acting General Anesthelic”, Press Release of Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Lid. issued Nov. 2013, pp. 1-2. [cited by applicant]
Pace et al., “First General Route to Substituted a-Arylamino-a′-chloropropan-2-ones by Oxidation ofN-Protected Aminohalohydrins: The Importance of Disrupting Hydrogen Bond Networks”, Synthesis, 2010, vol. 20, pp. 3545-3… [cited by applicant]
Pacofsky et al., “Relating the Structure, Activity, and Physical Properties of Ultrashort-Acting Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists,” Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2002, vol. 12, pp. 3219-3222. [cited by applicant]
Paion's Phase IIb Study With Its Anaesthetic/Sedative Remimazolam (CNS 7056) Ahead of Schedule, Aug. 2, 2010, pp. 1-2, htt12://www.paion.com/images/stories/i nvestoren/finanznachrichten/2010/paionp100802en.pdf. [cited by applicant]
PCT International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Jan. 19, 2012, issued by the European Patent Office in International Application No. PCT/EP2011/005581, pp. 1-4. [cited by applicant]
Riff et al., “S1419: A Phase IIa, Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind, Dose-Finding Study Evaluating the Safety and Pharmacodynamics of CNS 7056 in Patients Undergoing Diagnostic Upper GI Endoscopy,” Gastrointestinal E… [cited by applicant]
Rigaux et al., “A novel system for the improvement of colonic cleansing during colonoscopy.” Endoscopy, 2012, vol. 44, No. 07, pp. 703-706. [cited by applicant]
Sagara, “Results of Phase II Study of ONO-2745/CNS 7056, a Short-acting General Anesthetic,” Press Release of Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Lid. issued May 2012, pp. 1-2. [cited by applicant]
Shafer, “Complications of Sedation with Midazolam in the Intensive Care Unit and a Comparison with other Sedative Reaimens”, Crit Care Med, 1998, vol. 26, pp. 947-956. [cited by applicant]
Shibuya et al., “2-Azaadamantane N-Oxyl (AZADO): Highly efficient organocatalysts for oxidation of alcohols,” Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2006, vol. 128, pp. 8412-8413. [cited by applicant]
Shibuya et al., “Highly Efficient, Organocatalytic Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation,” Joumal of American Chemical Society, 2011, vol. 133, pp. 6497-6500. [cited by applicant]
Shibuya et al., “Oxidation of nitroxyl radicals: electrochemical and computational studies,” Tetrahedron Letters, 2012, vol. 53, No. 16, pp. 2070-2073. [cited by applicant]
Shimamoto et al., “Pharmaceutical screening of new benzodiazepines in mice”, Takeda Kenkyusho Ho, 1970, vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 134-144. [cited by applicant]
Sneyd, “Remimazolam: new beginnings or just a me-too?”, Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2012, vol. 115, No. 2, pp. 217-219. [cited by applicant]
Sofuni et al., “Effectiveness of Prophylaxis of Post-ERCP Pancreatitis for Risk Group by Endoscopic Pancreatic Sponanetous Dislodgement Stent-Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial”, Endoscopy, 2009, vol. 41, Suppl. 1. [cited by applicant]
Stafford et al., “Identification and Structure-Activity Studies of Novel Ultrashort-Acting Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists”, Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2002, vol. 12, pp. 3215-3218. [cited by applicant]
Stahl et al., “Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use,” 2002, pp. 164-167, 272-273. [cited by applicant]
Stahl, “Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts”, 2002, pp. 263-265, 272,273,280 and 281. [cited by applicant]
Thompson, “Cyclodextrins-Enabling Excipients: Their Present and Future Use in Pharmaceuticals,” Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems, 1997, vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 1-108. [cited by applicant]
Tsiakitzis et al., “Novel Compounds Designed as Antistress Agents,” Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2009, vol. 52, pp. 7315-7318. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 09/980,680, filed Oct. 31, 2001, Paul L Feldman (89 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 11/634,788, filed Dec. 5, 2006, Paul L. Feldman (90 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 11/650,635, filed Jan. 5, 2007, Paul L. Feldman (90 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 11/650,636, filed Jan. 5, 2007, Paul L. Feldman (94 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 11/650,637, filed Jan. 5, 2007, Paul L. Feldman (96 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 12/373,457, filed Nov. 13, 2009, Gary Stuart Tilbrook (28 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 12/373,472, filed Nov. 2, 2009, Garv Stuart Tilbrook (69 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 13/124,476, filed Aug. 15, 2011, Mariola Sohngen (41 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 13/496,742, filed Aug. 30, 2012, Gary Stuart Tilbrook (28 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 13/883,935, filed Sep. 10, 2013, Karin Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi (58 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 14/402,590, filed Nov. 20, 2014, John Aitken Graham (76 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 14/424,340, filed Feb. 26, 2015, Maki Kondo (85 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 14/746,026, filed Jun. 22, 2015, Garv Stuart Tilbrook (66 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 14/772,203, filed Sep. 2, 2015, Yuji Kawakami (49 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 14/841,899, filed Sep. 1, 2015, Garv Stuart Tilbrook (29 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 14/948,889, filed Nov. 23, 2015, Gary Stuart Tilbrook (67 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 15/336,143, filed Oct. 27, 2016, Gary Stuart Tilbrook (34 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 15/792,636, filed Oct. 2017, Wilhelm-Ogunbiyi. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Non-Final Office Action dated Mar. 23, 2017 in U.S. Appl. No. 14/948,889 (12 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Notice of Allowance on U.S. Appl. No. 15/647,143 dated Oct. 12, 2017 (9 pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Notice of Allowance on U.S. Appl. No. 14/948,889 dated Aug. 16, 2017 (5 Pages). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Notice of Allowance on U.S. Appl. No. 15/400,117 dated Jun. 15, 2017 (9 pages). [cited by applicant]
Upton et al., “A dose escalation study in sheep of the effects of the benzodiazepine CNS 7056 on sedation, the EEG and the respiratory and cardiovascular systems,” British Journal of Pharmacology, 2008, vol. 155, No. 1,… [cited by applicant]
Upton et al., “Comparison of the sedative properties of CNS 7056, midazolam, and propofol in sheep,” Br. J. Anaesth., 2009, vol. 103, No. 6, pp. 848-857. [cited by applicant]
Upton et al., “Pharrnacokinetics and pharrnacodynamics of the short-acting sedative CNS 7056 in sheep,” British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2010, vol. 105, No. 6, pp. 798-809. [cited by applicant]
Vahabzadeh et al., “Validation of the Prague C & M criteria for the endoscopic grading of Barrett's esophagus by gastroenterology trainees: a multicenter study”, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 2012, vol. 75, No. 2, pp. 236… [cited by applicant]
Walser et al., “Quinazolines and 1,4-benzodiazepines. LIX. Preparation of pyrrolo ′2, l-c-1,4-benzodiazepines”, J. Org. Chem., 1973, vol. 38, No. 20, pp. 3502-3507. [cited by applicant]
Wiltshire et al., “A placebo- and midazolam-Controlled Phase I Single Ascending-Dose Study Evaluating the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Remimazolam (CNS 7056): Part II. Population Pharmacokinetic and… [cited by applicant]
Wipf, “I. Basic Principles ID, Oxidation Reaction”, Apr. 2, 2006, XP002563124; Retrieved from the Internet: URL:ccc.chem.pitt.edu/wipf/Courses/23206-file; 2.sup.nd Slide, pp. 1, 5, 7. [cited by applicant]
Worthington et al., S1399: “A Phase IB Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Multiple Doses of CNS 7056 in Volunteers Undergoing Colonoscopy, Including Reversal with Flumazenil,” Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Apr. 2010, vol… [cited by applicant]
Zhao et al., “Oxidation of Primary Alcohols to Carboxylic Acids with Sodium Chlorite Catalyzed by TEMPO and Bleach,” Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1999, vol. 64, pp. 2564-2566. [cited by applicant]