US 5151510A
· Stec et al.
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US 7959925B2
· Weinberg et al.
· 2011
[cited by applicant]
US 8614295B2
· Lawson et al.
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
US 20030157108A1
· Presta
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
US 20040029129A1
· Wang et al.
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
US 20040123343A1
· La Rosa et al.
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
US 20040214272A1
· La Rosa et al.
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
US 20130332133A1
· Horn et al.
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
US 20150190506A1
· Cheung et al.
· 2015
[cited by applicant]
US 20170290913A1
· Cheung et al.
· 2017
[cited by applicant]
EP 2844289A1
· 2015
[cited by applicant]
JP 2009504191A
· 2009
[cited by applicant]
JP 2013539364A
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
WO 9222583A2
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
WO 2004041862A2
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
WO 2005003169A2
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
WO 2005003170A2
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
WO 2005003171A2
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
WO 2005113605A1
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
WO 2006121810A2
· 2006
[cited by applicant]
WO 2007024715A2
· 2007
[cited by applicant]
WO 2009040562A1
· 2009
[cited by applicant]
WO 2010077634A1
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
WO 2012027570A2
· 2012
[cited by applicant]
WO 2012023053A3
· 2012
[cited by applicant]
WO 2013165690A1
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
WO 2014028776A1
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
WO 2014100079A1
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
WO 2014121099A1
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
WO 2014144357A1
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
WO 2014148895A1
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
WO 2014209804A1
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
WO 2016118733A1
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
WO 2016149201A2
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
WO 2017123673A2
· 2017
[cited by applicant]
WO 2018115003A2
· 2018
[cited by applicant]
Vinay et al. (BMB Rep. Mar. 2014; 47 (3): 122-9).
[cited by examiner]
Lee et al. (J. Immunother. May-Jun. 2004; 27 (3): 201-10).
[cited by examiner]
Bartkowiak et al. (Front. Oncol. 2015; 5: 117; pp. 1-16).
[cited by examiner]
Fidler, IJ. “Biological heterogeneity of cancer”, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 8:8, pp. 1141-1142 (2012).
[cited by applicant]
Gale, Robert, “Cellular and Molecular Basis of Cancer”, Merck Manuals Online Medical Library, [online]. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Laboratories, 2006-2007. [retrieved on Oct. 19, 2020]. < URL: https://www.me…
[cited by applicant]
Li et al. “Antibody-based cancer immunotherapy by targeting regulatory T cells,” Frontiers in Oncology 13:1157345. pp. 1-13, (2023).
[cited by applicant]
Muller et al. “Targeting Co-Stimulatory Receptors of the TNF Superfamily for Cancer Immunotherapy”, BioDrugs 37: pp. 21-33, (2023).
[cited by applicant]
Müller, N., et al., ( “Activity of soluble OX40 ligand is enhanced by oligomerization and cell surface immobilization”. The FEBS journal, 275(9), 2296-2304 (2008).
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion issued in PCT/US2019/046156, dated Dec. 2, 2019, 12 pages.
[cited by applicant]
Adair et al., “Therapeutic Antibodies” Drug Design Reviews, vol. 2, No. 3, 2005, pp. 209-217(9).
[cited by applicant]
Verma et al., “Antibody engineering: comparison of bacterial, yeast, insect and mammalian expression systems” J Immunol Methods Jul. 1, 1998;216(1-2):165-81.
[cited by applicant]
Bonifant et al., “Toxicity and management in CAR T-cell therapy”, Mol Ther Oncolytics, 2016, v.20, n.3, p. 16011.
[cited by applicant]
Delia Nelson et al., “The “Trojan Horse” Approach to Tumor Immunotherapy: Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment”, J. Immunol. Res., 2014, v.2014, art.789069, p. 1-14.
[cited by applicant]
Gura T., “Systems for identifying new drugs are often faulty”, Science, 1997, v.278, n.5340, p. 1041-1042.
[cited by applicant]
Haigh P.I. et al., “Vaccine therapy for patients with melanoma”, Oncology, 1999, v.13, n.11, abstract, 1 page.
[cited by applicant]
Jain R.K., “Barriers to drug delivery in solid tumors”, Sci. Am., 1994, v.271, n.1, p. 58-65.
[cited by applicant]
Lee K.H. et al., Increased vaccine-specific T cell frequency after peptide-based vaccination correlates with increased susceptibility to in vitro stimulation but does not lead to tumor regression, J. Immunol., 1999, v.1…
[cited by applicant]
Li J. et al., Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy for solid tumors: lessons learned and strategies for moving forward, J Hematol Oncol., 2018, Feb. 13, 2018, v.11, n.1, p. 22-40.
[cited by applicant]
Muller S. et al., “Spliceosomal peptide P140 for immunotherapy of systemic lupus erythematosus: results of an early phase II clinical trial, Arthritis & Rheumatism:” Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatol…
[cited by applicant]
Prokofieva L.V. et al., “Course of lectures on general pharmacology” teaching aid, Ulyanovsk: UIGU, 2017, 155 pp., pp. 65-77.
[cited by applicant]
Spitler L.E., “Cancer vaccines: the interferon analogy”, Cancer Biother., 1995, v.10, n.1, p. 1-3.
[cited by applicant]
Weinberg et al., “Science gone translational: the OX40 agonist story” Immunol Rev. 244(1): pp. 218-231 (2011).
[cited by applicant]
Pullen et al., “High-Affinity Interactions of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Factors (TRAFs) and CD40 Require TRAF Trimerization and CD40 Multimerization”, Biochemistry. Aug. 3, 1999; 38 (31): 10168-77.
[cited by applicant]
Rahbarizadeh et al., Nanobody, New Agent for Combating Against Breast Cancer Cells, Breast Cancer—Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities, pp. 347-370 (2011).
[cited by applicant]
Rizo et al. “Constrained Peptides: Models of Bioactive Peptides and Protein Substructures”, Ann. Rev. Biochem., 1992, vol. 61, p. 387-418.
[cited by applicant]
Rossi et al. “Hexavalent bispecific antibodies represent a new class of anticancer therapeutics: 1. Properties of anti-CD20/CD22 antibodies in lymphoma”, Blood. Jun. 11, 2009; 113 (24): 6161-6171.
[cited by applicant]
Saerens et al., “Identification of a Universal VHH Framework to Graft Non-canonical Antigen-binding Loops of Camel Single-domain Antibodies”, J. Mol. Biol. Sep. 23, 2005; 352 (3): 597-607.
[cited by applicant]
Safdari et al., “Antibody humanization methods-a review and update”, Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews, 2013, V. 29, N. 2, p. 175-186.
[cited by applicant]
Sanmamed et al.: “Nivolumab and Urelumab Enhance Antitumor Activity of Human T Lymphocytes Engrafted in Rag2-/-IL2Rynull Immunodeficient Mice”, Cancer Research, (75)(17), pp. 3466-3478, Sep. 1, 2015.
[cited by applicant]
Search Report issued in corresponding Singaporean application No. 11201805422W, dated Sep. 18, 2019, 4 pages.
[cited by applicant]
Shields et al. “High-Resolution Mapping of the Binding Site on Human IgG 1 for FcyRI, FcyRII, FcyRIII, and FcRn and Design of IgG 1 Variants with Improved Binding to the FcyR”, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2001,…
[cited by applicant]
Smith et al. “Comparison of Biosequences”, 1981, Advances in Applied Mathematics, vol. 2, p. 482-489.
[cited by applicant]
Stavenhagen et al. “Enhancing the potency of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies via Fc optimization”, Advances in Enzyme Regulations, 2008, vol. 48, p. 152-164.
[cited by applicant]
Stavenhagen et al. “Fc Optimization of Therapeutic Antibodies Enhances Their Ability to Kill Tumor Cells In vitro and Controls Tumor Expansion In vivo via Low-Affinity Activating Fey Receptors”, Cancer Research, 2007, v…
[cited by applicant]
Stec et al. “Automated Solid-Phase Synthesis, Separation, and Stereochemistry of Phosphorothioate Analogues of Oligodeoxyribonucleotides”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, vol. 106, No. 20, p. 6077-6079.
[cited by applicant]
Stein et al. “Physicochemical properties of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides”, Nucl. Acids Res., 1988, vol. 16, No. 8, p. 3209-3221.
[cited by applicant]
Teplyakov et al., “Antibody modeling assessment II Structures and models”, Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, 2014, V. 82, N. 8, p. 1563-1582.
[cited by applicant]
Thornton et al. “Prediction of progress at last”, Nature, 1991, vol. 354, p. 105-106.
[cited by applicant]
Uhlmann et al. “Antisense Oligonucleotides: A New Therapeutic Principle”, Chemical Reviews, 1990, vol. 90, No. 4, p. 544-584.
[cited by applicant]
Veber et al. “The design of metabolically-stable peptide analogs”, TINS, Sep. 1985, p. 392-396.
[cited by applicant]
Vincke et al. “General Strategy to Humanize a Camelid Single-Domain Antibody and Identification of a Universal Humanzied Nanobody Scaffold”, J. Biol. Chem. Jan. 30, 2009; 284 (5): 3273-84.
[cited by applicant]
Vincke et al. “Generation of Single Domain Antibody Fragments Derived from Carnelids and Generation of Manifold Constructs”, Methods Mol. Biol. 2012; 907: 145-76.
[cited by applicant]
Wesolowski et al. “Single Domain antibodies: promising experimental and therapeutic tools in infection and immunity”, Med. Microbiol. Immunol. Aug. 2009; 198 (3): 157-174).
[cited by applicant]
Yada A. et al. “A novel humanized anti-human death receptor 5 antibody CS-1008 induces apoptosis in tumor cells without toxicity in hepatocytes”, Annals of Oncology, 2008, vol. 19, p. 1060-1067.
[cited by applicant]
Zalevsky et al. “Enhanced antibody half-life improves in vivo activity”, Nature Biotechnology, 2010, vol. 28, No. 2, p. 157-159.
[cited by applicant]
Zhang et al. “Lexatumumab (TRAIL-receptor 2 mAb) induces expression of DRS and promotes apoptosis in primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma in a mouse orthotopic model”, Cancer Letters, 2007, vol. 251, p. 146-157.
[cited by applicant]
Zhang et al., “Structural basis of a novel PD-L1 nanobody for immune checkpoint blockade,” Cell Disco. vol. 3: 1-12, 2017.
[cited by applicant]
Zon et al. “Phosphorothioate oligonucleotides: chemistry, purification, analysis, scale-up and future directions”, Anti Cancer Drug Design, 1991, vol. 6, p. 539-568.
[cited by applicant]
Zon et al., “Phosphorothioate oligonucleotides”, in Oligonucleotides and Analogues: A Practical Approach, 1991, pp. 87-108.
[cited by applicant]
Alegre et al. “Effect of a single amino acid mutation on the activating and immunosuppressive properties of a humanized OKT3 monoclonal antibody”, The Journal of immunology, 1992, vol. 148, p. 3461-3468.
[cited by applicant]
Bannas et al. “Nanobodies and Nanobody-Based Human Heavy Chain Antibodies As Antitumor Therapeutics,” Front. Immunol., 2017; vol. 8:1603; pp. 1-13.
[cited by applicant]
Barker et al., “Detecting Distant Relationships: Computer Methods and Results”, in Dayhoff, M.O., Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure, 1972, vol. 5, pp. 101-110.
[cited by applicant]
Blanco-Toribio et al. “Generation and characterization of monospecific and bispecific hexavalent trimerbodies”, MAbs. Jan.-Feb. 2013; 5 ( 1 ): 70-9.
[cited by applicant]
Borisov et al., “Tumor microenvironment as a target of malignant gliomas treatment”, Malignant Tumours 2015; 4:14-23.
[cited by applicant]
Bowie et al. “A Method to Identify Protein Sequences That Fold into a Known Three-Dimensional Structure”, 1991, Science, vol. 253, p. 164-170.
[cited by applicant]
Bulliard et al. “Activating Fc y receptors contribute to the antitumor activities of immunoregulatory receptor-targeting antibodies”, J. Exp. Med., vol. 210, No. 9, p. 1685-1693.
[cited by applicant]
Bulliard et al. “OX40 engagement depletes intratumoral Tregs via activating FcyRs, leading to antitumor efficacy”, Immunology and Cell Biology, 2014, vol. 92, p. 475-480.
[cited by applicant]
Carter, “Bispecific human IgG by design”, Journal of immunological Methods, 2001, vol. 248, p. 7-15.
[cited by applicant]
Chen et al “Combination of 4-1BB Agonist and PD-1 Antagonist Promotes Antitumor Effector/Memory CD8 T Cells in a Poorly Immunogenic Tumor Model”, Cancer Immunology research. vol. 3, No. 2; pp. 149-160; Nov. 11, 2014.
[cited by applicant]
Chen et al., “Fusion protein linkers: property, design and functionality”, Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2013, V. 65, N. 10, p. 1357-1365.
[cited by applicant]
Chothia et al. “Canonical Structures for the Hypervariable Regions of immunoglobulins”, J. Mol. Biol., 1987, vol. 196, p. 901-917.
[cited by applicant]
Chothia et al. “Conformations of immunoglobulin hypervariable regions”, Nature, 1989, vol. 342, p. 878-883.
[cited by applicant]
Colman, “Effects of amino acid sequence changes on antibody-antigen interactions, Research in Immunology”, 1994, V. 145, N. 1, p. 33-36.
[cited by applicant]
Cuesta et al., “Improved stability of multivalent antibodies containing the human collagen XV trimerization domain”, MAbs. Mar.-Apr. 2012; 4 (2): 226-32.
[cited by applicant]
Cuesta et al., “Multivalent antibodies: when design surpasses evolution”, Cell Press Trends in Biotechnology (28), pp. 355-362 (2010).
[cited by applicant]
Dall' Acqua et al. “Properties of Human IgG Is Engineered for Enhanced Binding to the Neonatal Fe Receptor (FcRn)”, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2006, vol. 281, No. 33, p. 23514-23524.
[cited by applicant]
Davies et al. “Antibody-Antigen Complexes”, Annual Rev Biochem, 1990, vol. 59, p. 439-473.
[cited by applicant]
Dayhoff, M.O., “Survey of New Data and Computer Methods of Analysis”, in Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure, 1976, vol. 5, Supplement 2, p. 1-8.
[cited by applicant]
European Search Report issued in EP 17738885.7, dated Jul. 8, 2019, 8 pages.
[cited by applicant]
Evans et al. “Design of Nonpeptidal Ligands for a Peptide Receptor: Cholecystokinin Antagonists”, J. Med. Chem., 1987, vol. 30, p. 1229-1239.
[cited by applicant]
Fauchere, “Elements for the Rational Design of Peptide Drugs”, Advances in Drug Research, 1986, vol. 15, p. 29-69.
[cited by applicant]
Fisicaro et al., “Combined Blockade of Programmed Death-1 and Activation of CD137 Increase Responses of Human Liver T Cells Against HBV, But Not HCV”, Gastroenterology (143)(6), pp. 1576-1585, Dec. 1, 2012.
[cited by applicant]
Graves et al. “Apo2L/TRAIL and the Death Receptor 5 Agonist Antibody AMG 655 Cooperate to Promote Receptor Clustering and Antitumor Activity”, Cancer Cell, 2014, vol. 26, p. 177-189.
[cited by applicant]
He et al., “Remarkably similar CTLA-4 binding properties of therapeutic ipilimumab and tremelimumab antibodies”, Oncotarget, vol. 8: 67129-67139, 2017.
[cited by applicant]
Holliger et al., “Engineered antibody fragments and the rise of single domains”, Nat. Biotechnol. Sep. 2005; 23 (9): 1126-36.
[cited by applicant]
Huet et al., “Mulivalent nanobodies targeting death receptor 5 elicit superior tumor cell killing through efficient caspase induction”, MAbs. 2014; 6 (6): 1560-70.
[cited by applicant]
Ichikawa et al. “Tumoricidal activity of a novel anti-human DRS monoclonal antibody without hepatocyte cytotoxicity”, 2001, Nature Medicine, vol. 7, No. 8, p. 954-960.
[cited by applicant]
Dusogie et al. “Engineered Antibodies with Increased Activity to Recruit Complement”, The Journal of immunology, 2001, vol. 166, p. 2571-2575.
[cited by applicant]
Iezzi et al., “Promise of Modular Targeting in Cancer Imaging and Treatment”, Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 9: 1-11, 11 pages, Feb. 19, 2018.
[cited by applicant]
Inman et al., “Utomilumab/Pembrolizumab Combo Shows responses in Different Solid Tumors”, XP002793239, Retrieved from the Internet: URL:https://www.targetedonc.com/conference/asco-immune-2016/utomiluma/pembrolizumab; 2 …
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/US17/13070 dated Jun. 30, 2017; 26 pages.
[cited by applicant]
Kaneko et al. Optimizing Therapeutic Antibody Function,, Biodrugs, 2011, vol. 25, No. 1, p. 1-11.
[cited by applicant]
Kjaergaard et al. “Augmentation Versus Inhibition: Effects of Conjunctional OX-40 Receptor Monoclonal Antibody and IL-2 Treatment on Adoptive Immunotherapy of Advanced Tumor”, J. Immunol. Dec. 1, 2001; 167 (11): 6669-77.
[cited by applicant]
Kontermann et al., “Bispecific antibodies”, Drug Discovery Today, 2015, V. 7, N. 20, p. 838-847.
[cited by applicant]
LaPlanche et al. “Phosphorothioate-modified oligodeoxyribonucleotides. III. NMR and UV spectroscoptc studies of the Rp-Rp, Sp-Sp, and RrSP duplexes, [dCGGsAATTCC]2, derived from diastereomeric 0-ethyl phosphorothioates”…
[cited by applicant]
Lazar et al. “Engineered antibody Fc variants with enhanced effector function”, PNAS, 2006, vol. 103, No. 11, p. 4005-4010.
[cited by applicant]
Li et al. “LBY135, a Novel Anti-DRS Agonistic Antibody Induces Tumor Cell-Specific Cytotoxic Activity in Human Colon Tumor Cell Lines and Xenografts”, Drug Development Research, 2008, vol. 69, p. 69-82.
[cited by applicant]
Linch S. et al., “OX40 agonists and combination immunotherapy: putting the pedal to the metal”, Frontiers in Oncology, Feb. 16, 2015, vol. 5, pp. 34:1-14.
[cited by applicant]
Locksley et al., “The TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies: integrating mammalian biology”, Cell, 2001, V. 104, N. 4, p. 487-501.
[cited by applicant]
Maeda et al., “Engineering of functional chimeric protein G-Vargula Luciferase”, Analytical biochemistry, 1997, V. 249, N. 2, p. 147-152.
[cited by applicant]
Malmqvist, M. “Biospecific interaction analysis using biosensor technology”, Nature, 1993, vol. 361, p. 186-187.
[cited by applicant]
Moore et al., “Engineered Fc variant antibodies with enhanced ability to recruit complement and mediate effector function”, mAbs, 2010, vol. 2, No. 2, p. 181-189.
[cited by applicant]
Morris et al., “Development and Characterization of Recombinant Human Fc:OX40L fusion protein linked via a coiled-coil trimerization domain”, Mol. Immunol. May 2007; 44 (12): 3112-21.
[cited by applicant]
Muller, Dafne et al., “Recombinant bispecific antibodies for cellular cancer immunotherapy”, Current opinion in Molecular Therapeu, Current Drugs, London GB, (9)(4), Aug. 1, 2007, pp. 319-326.
[cited by applicant]
Natsume et al. “Engineered Antibodies of IgG 1/IgG 3 Mixed Isotype with Enhanced Cytotoxic Activities”, Cancer Research, 2008, vol. 68, No. 10, o. 3863-3872.
[cited by applicant]
Needleman and Wunsch “A General Method Applicable to the Search for Similarities in the Amino Acid Sequence of Two Proteins”, J. Mol. Biol., 1970, vol. 48, p. 443-453.
[cited by applicant]
Nelson et al., “The “Trojan Horse” Approach to Tumor Immunotherapy: Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment”, J. Immunol. Res., 2014, N.789069, pp. 1-14.
[cited by applicant]
Pearson et al. “Improved tools for biological sequence comparison”, 1988, Proc. Natl. A.cad. Sci. USA, vol. 85, p. 2444-2448.
[cited by applicant]
Pukac et al. “HGS-ETRI, a fully human TRAIL-receptor I monoclonal antibody, induces cell death in multiple tumour types in vitro and in vivo”, British Journal of Cancer, 2005, vol. 92, p. 1430-1441.
[cited by applicant]
Hino et al., “G-protein-coupled receptor inactivation by an allosteric inverse-agonist antibody” Nature 482, pp. 237-241 (2012).
[cited by applicant]