Apparatus and method for production of high purity copper-based alloys
In an aspect, a method of manufacturing a high purity copper-based alloy comprises providing in a melting furnace a feedstock and melting the feedstock. The method additionally includes bubbling an inert gas into the molten copper-based alloy to form the high purity copper-based alloy. Aspects are also directed to an apparatus and a method of fabricating an apparatus for manufacturing the high purity copper-based alloy.
1. A method of manufacturing a copper-based alloy, the method comprising:
providing in a melting furnace a feedstock in a solid phase and having a composition configured to form a molten copper-based alloy comprising at least 50 weight % copper and less than 5 weight % iron;
melting the feedstock in the melting furnace while flowing an inert gas through the feedstock to form the molten copper-based alloy under a substantially inert atmosphere; and
bubbling the inert gas into the molten copper-based alloy using a diffusive lining formed on an inner surface of the melting furnace, the diffusive lining comprising an aluminum-silicate ceramic material directly contacting the molten copper-based alloy and having a porous structure adapted for bubbling the inert gas through the molten copper-based alloy.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the inert gas consists essentially of argon.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the inert gas is hydrogen-free.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the diffusive lining substantially covers at least a bottom inner surface of the melting furnace.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the diffusive lining comprises at least two layers comprising a sintered ceramic layer and an unsintered ceramic layer.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the sintered ceramic layer comprises mullite.
7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the unsintered ceramic layer comprises alumina and silica.
8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the sintered ceramic layer and the unsintered ceramic layer have substantially a same chemical composition while having different phases.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein providing the feedstock comprises providing a plurality of feedstock pieces having a combined composition configured to form the molten copper-based alloy, the method further comprising, prior to melting the feedstock by heating, flowing the inert gas through gaps between the feedstock pieces.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein heating comprises heating the feedstock pieces while flowing the inert gas therethrough, thereby melting the feedstock pieces to form the molten copper-based alloy.
11. A method of manufacturing a copper-based alloy, the method comprising:
providing in a melting furnace a feedstock in a solid phase and having a composition configured to form a molten copper-based alloy comprising at least 50 weight % copper and less than 5 weight % iron;
melting the feedstock in the melting furnace while flowing an inert gas through the feedstock to form the molten copper-based alloy under a substantially inert atmosphere; and
bubbling the inert gas through the molten copper-based alloy using a diffusive lining formed in the melting furnace, the diffusive lining substantially covering a bottom inner surface of the melting furnace and having a porous structure adapted for bubbling the inert gas into the molten copper-based alloy,
wherein bubbling comprises diffusing the inert gas through a ceramic material of the diffusive lining directly contacting the molten copper-based alloy.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the inert gas consists essentially of argon.
13. The method according to claim 11 , wherein providing the feedstock comprises providing a plurality of feedstock pieces having a combined composition configured to form the molten copper-based alloy, the method further comprising, prior to melting the feedstock by heating, flowing the inert gas through gaps between the feedstock pieces.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein heating comprises heating the feedstock pieces while flowing the inert gas therethrough, thereby melting the feedstock pieces to form the molten copper-based alloy.
15. The method according to claim 13 , wherein bubbling the inert gas through the molten copper-based alloy comprises flowing the inert gas through a diffuser embedded within the diffusive lining covering the bottom inner surface of the melting furnace, prior to flowing the inert gas through the diffusive lining.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the diffuser and the diffusive lining comprise a same diffuser material, and wherein the diffuser comprises a diffuser material disposed within a container connected to an inert gas source.
17. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the diffusive lining further covers a sidewall inner surface of the melting furnace.
18. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the diffusive lining comprises at least two layers comprising a sintered ceramic layer and an unsintered ceramic layer.
19. The method according to claim 18 , wherein the unsintered ceramic layer comprises alumina and silica.
20. The method according to claim 18 , wherein the sintered ceramic layer comprises mullite.
21. A method of manufacturing a copper-based alloy, the method comprising:
providing in a melting furnace a feedstock in a solid phase and having a composition configured to form a molten copper-based alloy comprising at least 50 weight % copper and less than 5 weight % iron;
melting the feedstock in the melting furnace while flowing an inert gas through the feedstock to form the molten copper-based alloy under a substantially inert atmosphere; and
bubbling the inert gas through the molten copper-based alloy using a diffusive lining having a porous structure, the diffusive lining formed on at least two different inner surfaces of the melting furnace such that the diffusive lining is adapted for bubbling the inert gas into the molten copper-based alloy through the at least two different inner surfaces,
wherein bubbling comprises diffusing the inert gas through a ceramic material of the diffusive lining directly contacting the molten copper-based alloy.
22. The method according to claim 21 , wherein providing the feedstock comprises providing a plurality of feedstock pieces having a combined composition configured to form the molten copper-based alloy, the method further comprising, prior to melting the feedstock by heating, flowing the inert gas through gaps between the feedstock pieces.
23. The method according to claim 22 , wherein heating comprises heating the feedstock pieces while flowing the inert gas therethrough, thereby melting the feedstock pieces to form the molten copper-based alloy.
24. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the at least two different inner surfaces comprises a bottom inner surface and a sidewall inner surface.
25. The method according to claim 24 , wherein bubbling the inert gas further comprises diffusing the inert through a diffuser centrally disposed within the diffusive lining at the bottom inner surface, the diffuser comprising a diffuser material disposed within a container connected to an inert gas source and having an upper surface disposed below an upper surface of the diffusive lining covering the bottom inner surface.
26. The method according to claim 25 , wherein bubbling the inert gas comprises diffusing the inert gas through the diffuser, the diffusive lining disposed on the bottom inner surface, and the diffusive lining on the sidewall inner surface.
27. The method according to claim 26 , wherein one or both of the diffuser and the diffusive lining have a porosity greater than 20%.
28. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the melting furnace is configured to melt the copper-based alloy under an open chamber configuration in which the inert gas is flown at a sufficiently high flow rate with the feedstock provided therein, such that the substantially inert atmosphere above the molten copper-based alloy is maintained during and after melting the feedstock without physically enclosing the melting furnace.
29. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the melting furnace is an induction furnace comprising induction coil surrounding the melting furnace and configured to melt the feedstock.
30. The method according to claim 29 , wherein the induction furnace is configured to operate at a frequency less than 1000 Hz.