Ultrashort pulse laser butt welding
The present disclosure provides methods, devices, and systems for the butt welding of two, e.g., planar, workpieces composed of glass, e.g., quartz glass, by a pulsed laser beam, e.g., an ultrashort pulse (“USP”) laser beam, which is directed into the workpiece material parallel to the joining surface of the two workpieces and which is focused into the workpiece material in the region of the joining surface to locally melt the two workpieces in the region of their joining surface, wherein the laser focus of the laser beam focused into the workpiece material is moved in or counter to the beam direction of the laser beam to produce in the region of the joining surface a weld seam extending along the beam direction.
1. A method for butt welding two laser-transparent, workpieces composed of glass, the method comprising:
obtaining first and second workpieces, wherein each workpiece comprises a top side, an underside, and side surfaces;
moving a side surface of the first workpiece into contact with a side surface of the second workpiece to form a joining surface between the two workpieces;
focusing at least one ultrashort pulse laser beam in a beam direction parallel to the joining surface of the two workpieces and focusing the at least one ultrashort pulse laser beam into a region of the joining surface to locally melt the two workpieces in the region of their joining surface, wherein the ultrashort pulse laser beam has a pulse duration of less than 500 picoseconds; and moving a laser focus of the ultrashort pulsed laser beam in or counter to the beam direction of the ultrashort pulse laser beam to produce in the region of the joining surface a butt weld seam that extends in the beam direction along an entire workpiece thickness at right angles or obliquely with respect to the top side of the two workpieces, and end before the top side and the underside.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the laser focus is moved continuously or step-by-step in or counter to the beam direction.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the laser focus is moved continuously at an advance speed of 0.5 mm/s to 100 mm/s in or counter to the beam direction.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the laser focus is moved continuously at an advance speed of 5 mm/s to 30 mm/s in or counter to the beam direction.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the laser focus is moved continuously at an advance speed of 20 mm/s in or counter to the beam direction.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weld seam has a seam diameter of 5 to 500 μm.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weld seam has a seam diameter of 50 to 100 μm.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a transverse movement of the laser focus is also superimposed on an advance movement of the laser focus in or counter to a radiation direction of the ultrashort pulse laser beam.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ultrashort pulse laser beam comprises a laser pulse packet consisting of individual pulses.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the individual pulses in the pulse packet are identical.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of weld seams are produced at a distance from one another along a joining line of the two workpieces.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein during the movement of the laser focus in or counter to the beam direction, the ultrashort pulse laser beam is not moved transversely relative to the two workpieces.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein during an advance movement of the laser focus in or counter to the beam direction, the ultrashort pulse laser beam is moved relative to the two workpieces parallel or transversely with respect to a joining line of the two workpieces.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein a focus speed at which the laser focus is moved in or counter to the beam direction is greater than an advance speed at which the ultrashort pulse laser beam is moved parallel or transversely with respect to the joining line.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ultrashort pulse laser beam comprises laser radiation having pulse durations of from about 1 picosecond to less than about 50 picoseconds (ps).
16. An optical element composed of glass, comprising two individual parts that are laser-welded to one another according to the method of claim 1 , wherein the two individual parts are laser-welded to one another by at least one weld seam extending in a thickness direction of the two individual parts.
17. The optical element of claim 16 , wherein the weld seam extends at right angles or obliquely with respect to a surface of the optical element.
18. The optical element of claim 16 , wherein the weld seam has a length of at least 50 μm.
19. The optical element of claim 16 , wherein the weld seam is a continuous line or a repeatedly interrupted line.
20. The optical element of claim 16 , wherein a plurality of weld seams extending in the thickness direction of the two individual parts are arranged at a distance from one another along the joining line of the two individual parts.
21. The optical element of claim 16 , wherein the weld seam has a seam diameter of 5 to 500 μm.