Process for the conversion of petroleum to light olefins utilizing a pretreatment complex and steam enhanced catalytic cracker
A process for the conversion of a petroleum feed to light olefins may comprise pretreating the petroleum feed to form one or more pretreated petroleum feeds and fractionating the one or more pretreated petroleum feeds to form a methane stream, an ethane stream, a C 3 -C 4 stream, a light liquid fraction, and a heavy liquid fraction. The process may further comprise methane cracking the methane stream to form hydrogen, steam cracking the ethane stream to form a steam cracking product; dehydrogenating the C 3 -C 4 stream to form a dehydrogenated stream; and steam enhanced catalytic cracking (SECC) the light liquid fraction and the heavy liquid fraction to form an SECC product.
1. A process for the conversion of a petroleum feed to light olefins, the process comprising:
pretreating the petroleum feed to form one or more pretreated petroleum feeds;
fractionating the one or more pretreated petroleum feeds to form a methane stream, an ethane stream, a C 3 -C 4 stream, a light liquid fraction and a heavy liquid fraction;
methane cracking the methane stream to form hydrogen;
steam cracking the ethane stream to form a steam cracking product;
dehydrogenating the C 3 -C 4 stream to form a dehydrogenated stream;
steam enhanced catalytic cracking (SECC) the light liquid fraction in a first steam enhanced catalytic cracker to form a light liquid SECC product; and
steam enhanced catalytic cracking the heavy liquid fraction in a second steam enhanced catalytic cracker to form a heavy liquid SECC product, and wherein
a first steam to feed ratio of the first steam enhanced catalytic cracker is less than a second steam to feed ratio of the second steam enhanced catalytic cracker,
the first steam to feed ratio is from 0.2 to 0.8, and
the second steam to feed ratio is from 0.8 to 1.0.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein pretreating the petroleum feed comprises solvent deasphalting the petroleum feed.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the solvent deasphalting the petroleum feed comprises contacting the petroleum feed with a solvent at a temperature of 120-160° C., a pressure of 2-6 MPa, and a solvent/feed ratio of 3-6.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein pretreating the petroleum feed comprises gasification of an asphaltene stream.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein gasification of the asphaltene stream comprises exposing the asphaltene stream to a temperature of from 700 to 1200° C. and a pressure of from 1 to 29 bar.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein pretreating the petroleum feed comprises hydroprocessing a deasphalted oil stream.
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the hydroprocessing is hydrotreating and hydrotreating the deasphalted oil stream comprises contacting the deasphalted oil stream with a hydrogen stream at a temperature of from 280 to 450° C. and a pressure of from 5 to 160 bar.
8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising fractionating the steam cracking product, the dehydrogenated stream, and the SECC product to form a light olefins stream and a benzene-toluene-xylene (BTX) stream.
9. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:
methane cracking a methane recycle stream;
steam cracking a steam cracking recycle stream; and
dehydrogenating a dehydrogenation recycle stream.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the petroleum feed is a whole crude.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein:
the light liquid fraction comprises C 5 hydrocarbons to a 300° C. cut point; and
the heavy liquid fraction comprises hydrocarbons with at least a 300° C. cut point.
12. The process of claim 11 wherein the whole crude is an Arab Extra Light, Arab Light, or Arab Heavy.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein SECC comprises contacting hydrocarbons with a catalyst at a reaction temperature of 600 to 750° C.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein SECC comprises a contacting hydrocarbons with a ZSM-5 based catalyst.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein dehydrogenating the C 3 -C 4 stream comprises contacting the C 3 -C 4 stream with a dehydrogenation catalyst at a temperature of from 575° C. to 620° C. and a pressure of from 2 to 5 bar.
16. The process of claim 1 , further comprising fractionating the petroleum feed to produce a light crude fraction and steam enhanced catalytic cracking the light crude fraction.