Methods and systems of compressor control with surge avoidance and response
Methods and systems for surge control in a compressor system. A recirculation valve position may be actuated in response to identified conditions of potential surge, determined from a compressor map. Recirculation valve position may be controlled by calculating distance of current operating state to a surge line and using proportional integral control to manage the distance. Compressor speed command may be derated in response to identified surge, determined from one of speed fluctuations of the compressor speed, or variance of a compressor speed tracking error.
1. A vapor cycle cooling system, the system using a circulating fluid and comprising a recirculation valve (RCV), a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor motor, a compressor coupled to the motor, an electronic control unit (ECU), and a plurality of pressure, temperature and motor sensors, the ECU configured to control the compressor motor by receiving a commanded speed, and controlling current to the motor or torque generated by the motor, the ECU further configured to perform a method of controlling compressor surge comprising:
determining a parameter of motor operation;
obtaining a circulating fluid parameter upstream of the compressor,
obtaining a circulating fluid parameter downstream of the compressor,
obtaining mass flow of the circulating fluid through the compressor;
evaluating a likelihood of compressor surge by:
a) analyzing variance or oscillation of the parameter of motor operation to identify compressor surge; and
b) analyzing the circulating fluid parameter upstream of the compressor, the circulating fluid parameter downstream of the compressor, and the mass flow of the circulating fluid through the compressor, using a compressor map, to identify potential surge conditions; and:
if compressor surge is identified at a), derating compressor speed to reduce compressor speed below the commanded compressor speed; or
if potential surge conditions are identified at b), actuating the RCV to mitigate potential surge.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the parameter of motor operation is one of motor speed, motor torque, and motor current.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein:
the motor operates at an actual motor speed;
the ECU determines a speed tracking error as a difference between the commanded speed and the actual motor speed; and
the ECU is configured to perform a) by analyzing a variance of the speed tracking error, and comparing the variance of the speed tracking error to a threshold.
4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the ECU is configured to perform a) by analyzing motor speed to determine a degree of oscillation of the motor speed, and identifying surge when the degree of oscillation of the motor speed exceeds a threshold.
5. The system of claim 2 , wherein the ECU is configured to perform a) by analyzing motor torque to determine a degree of oscillation of the motor torque, and identifying surge when the degree of oscillation of the motor torque exceeds a threshold.
6. The system of claim 2 , wherein the ECU is configured to perform a) by analyzing motor current to determine a degree of oscillation of the motor current, and identifying surge when the degree of oscillation of the motor current exceeds a threshold.
7. The system of claim 2 , wherein the ECU is configured to perform a) by analyzing motor speed to determine a variance of the motor speed, and identifying surge when the variance of the motor speed exceeds a threshold.
8. The system of claim 2 , wherein the ECU is configured to perform a) by analyzing motor torque to determine a variance of the motor torque, and identifying surge when the variance of the motor torque exceeds a threshold.
9. The system of claim 2 , wherein the ECU is configured to perform a) by analyzing motor current to determine a variance of the motor current, and identifying surge when the variance of the motor current exceeds a threshold.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the circulating fluid parameter upstream of the compressor is an upstream pressure;
the circulating fluid parameter downstream of the compressor is a downstream pressure; and
the ECU is configured to perform b) by determining a compressor pressure ratio using the upstream pressure and the downstream pressure.
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the ECU is configured to perform b) by calculating a distance from a current operating point to a surge line on the compressor map.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the ECU is configured to determine that potential surge conditions are not present if the distance is greater than a first threshold.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the ECU is configured to actuate the RCV to mitigate potential surge by using the distance as an input to a proportional-integral controller.
14. A battery electric or hybrid vehicle comprising a battery configured to provide motive power to the vehicle and the vapor cycle cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the vapor cycle cooling system is coupled to the battery to provide thermal management thereto.