Method for producing glycerides of hydroxycarboxylic acids
The invention relates to a method for producing glycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid as well as the products thus obtained and their use.
1. A method for producing a mixture of mono-, di- and triglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyruic acid of the general formula (III):
CH 2 (OR 2 )—CH(OR 3 )—CH(OR 4 ) (III),
comprising reacting at least one compound of the general formula (I):
CH 3 —CH(OH)—CH 2 —C(O)OR 1 (I),
with glycerol,
wherein:
the reaction is carried out in the presence of an enzyme as catalyst;
the reaction is carried out in the absence of any solvent;
R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
R 2 , R 3 and R 4 , each independently of one another, is selected from H or a radical of formula CH 3 —CH(OH)—CH 2 —C(O)—, provided that at least one of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 , is not H; and
the mixture comprises monoglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-MG), diglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-DG) and triglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-TG), in a weight ratio of 3-BHB-MG/3-BHB-DG/3-BHB-TG in the range of 10-80/10-70/0.1-20.
2. The method according claim 1 , wherein the compound of general formula (I), is CH 3 —CH(OH)—CH 2 —C(O)OC 2 H 5 .
3. The method according to claim 1 ,
wherein the catalyst is recycled after the reaction.
4. The method according to claim 1 ,
wherein the enzyme is selected from the group consisting of synthetases, catalases, esterases, lipases and combinations thereof.
5. The method according to claim 1 ,
wherein the enzyme is derived from the group consisting of Candida antarctica, Mucor miehei, Thermomyces lanuginosus, Candida rugosa, Aspergillus oryzae, Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rhizopus delemar and Pseudomonas sp. and combinations thereof; and
wherein the enzyme is used in immobilized form on a carrier.
6. The method according to claim 1 ,
wherein the reaction is carried out at temperatures in the range of from 10° C. to 80° C.
7. The method according claim 1 , wherein the amount of the enzyme used is from 0.001 to 20% by weight.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of the compound of formula (I) to glycerol is from 1:1 to >200:1.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the molar ratio of the compound of formula (I) to glycerol is from 1:1 to 10:1.
10. The method according claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of 3-BHB-MG/3-BHB-DG/3-BHB-TG is in the range of 20-70/20-60/0.5-15.
11. A mixture of mono-, di- and triglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyruic acid of the general formula (III):
CH 2 (OR 2 )—CH(OR 3 )—CH(OR 4 ) (III),
wherein:
R 2 , R 3 and R 4 , each independently of one another, is selected from H or a radical of formula CH 3 —CH(OH)—CH 2 —C(O)—, provided that at least one of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 , is not H; and
the mixture comprises monoglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-MG), diglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-DG) and triglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-TG), in a weight ratio of 3-BHB-MG/3-BHB-DG/3-BHB-TG in the range of 10-80/10-70/0.1-20.
12. The mixture according claim 11 , wherein the weight ratio of 3-BHB-MG/3-BHB-DG/3-BHB-TG is in the range of 20-70/20-60/0.5-15.
13. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a mixture of mono-, di- and triglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyruic acid of the general formula (III):
CH 2 (OR 2 )—CH(OR 3 )—CH(OR 4 ) (III),
wherein:
R 2 , R 3 and R 4 , each independently of one another, is selected from H or a radical of formula CH 3 —CH(OH)—CH 2 —C(O)—, provided that at least one of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 , is not H; and
the mixture comprises monoglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-MG), diglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-DG) and triglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-TG), in a weight ratio of 3-BHB-MG/3-BHB-DG/3-BHB-TG in the range of 10-80/10-70/0.1-20.
14. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 13 ,
wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a drug or a medicament.
15. A food product comprising a mixture of mono-, di- and triglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyruic acid of the general formula (III):
CH 2 (OR 2 )—CH(OR 3 )—CH(OR 4 ) (III),
wherein:
R 2 , R 3 and R 4 , each independently of one another, is selected from H or a radical of formula CH 3 —CH(OH)—CH 2 —C(O)—, provided that at least one of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 , is not H; and
the mixture comprises monoglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-MG), diglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-DG) and triglycerides of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-BHB-TG), in a weight ratio of 3-BHB-MG/3-BHB-DG/3-BHB-TG in the range of 10-80/10-70/0.1-20.
16. The food product according to claim 15 ,
wherein the food product is prepared for the application for catabolic metabolic states selected from the group consisting of hunger, diets and low-carbohydrate nutrition.