Respiratory pressure therapy system with nebulising humidifier
An apparatus for treating a respiratory disorder in a patient, includes a respiratory pressure therapy device that generates a flow of air at positive pressure for treating the respiratory disorder. An air circuit transports the flow of air generated by the respiratory pressure therapy device to a patient interface. A nebuliser module is located at or adjacent to a proximal end of the air circuit to nebulise a liquid to form a nebula of the liquid. The nebula is admitted into the flow of air generated by the respiratory pressure therapy device. A vaporiser is located at the distal end of the air circuit to receive and vaporise the nebula to form a humidified flow of air.
1. A respiratory treatment system for providing a flow of air at positive pressure to a patient for treatment of sleep disordered breathing, the system comprising:
a vaporizer module comprising:
a housing configured to removably engage a patient interface;
a vaporizer inlet configured to detachably connect to an air delivery conduit and receive a nebula containing a nebulized liquid in a flow of air at a positive pressure with respect to ambient pressure;
a heating element disposed in the housing and configured to generate heat to vaporize the received nebula to humidify the flow of air; and
a vaporizer outlet formed as an opening in a posterior side of the housing and configured to fluidly connect to the patient interface such that, in use, the humidified flow of air exits the vaporizer module via the vaporizer outlet in a direction towards the patient interface, the heating element being disposed upstream of the vaporizer outlet;
the patient interface being configured to receive the humidified flow of air from the vaporizer outlet and deliver the humidified flow of air to an airway of the patient,
wherein the patient interface includes one or more surfaces around an opening in the patient interface, the housing being directly connectable to the patient interface without an intermediate tubular conduit such that the one or more surfaces of the patient interface are configured to structurally support and hold the vaporizer module in position on the patient interface.
2. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the opening in the patient interface is on an anterior side of the patient interface during use.
3. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the opening in the patient interface is shaped and structured to correspond to a shape and structure of the vaporizer outlet.
4. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein one or more connecting surfaces are disposed around the vaporizer outlet and are configured to sealing mate with the one or more surfaces of the patient interface.
5. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the patient interface includes a plenum chamber, and the opening in the patient interface is formed in the plenum chamber.
6. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the vaporizer module is removably connectable to the patient interface with a snap-fit.
7. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the patient interface includes a plenum chamber having a wall that at least partially encloses a volume of space configured to be pressurized above atmospheric pressure in use, the opening in the patient interface being formed in the plenum chamber, and
wherein the housing is configured to be directly removably connected to the wall of the plenum chamber.
8. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the vaporizer module includes a vent for washout of exhaled gas.
9. The respiratory treatment system of claim 8 , wherein the vent is positioned on an upstream side of the heating element.
10. The respiratory treatment system of claim 8 , wherein the vaporizer module includes a baffle to separate the humidified flow of air from a flow of the exhaled gas.
11. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the heating element is formed of a thermally conductive material comprising a metal, a polymer, or a ceramic.
12. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the vaporizer module comprises a labyrinthine flow path therethrough for the nebula and the flow of air to allow for adsorption of liquid water droplets of the nebula onto a surface of the heating element.
13. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the vaporizer module comprises one or more sensors configured to sense one or more parameters of the humidified flow of air, and
wherein the one or more parameters comprise one or more of: temperature, flow rate, pressure, and humidity of the humidified flow of air.
14. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the vaporizer module comprises a heat and moisture exchange (HMX) module.
15. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the patient interface is a full-face patient interface.
16. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the patient interface is a nasal interface.
17. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the vaporizer outlet has a non-circular cross-sectional shape.
18. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , further comprising a nebulizer module including a water reservoir configured to retain a volume of water, the nebulizer module including a nebulizer configured to receive water from the water reservoir, generate the nebula, and admit the nebula into the flow of air.
19. The respiratory treatment system of claim 17 , wherein the vaporizer inlet has a circular cross-sectional shape.
20. The respiratory treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the opening in the patient interface is on an anterior side of the patient interface during use,
wherein the opening in the patient interface is shaped and structured to correspond to a shape and structure of the vaporizer outlet,
wherein one or more connecting surfaces are disposed around the vaporizer outlet and are configured to sealing mate with the one or more surfaces of the patient interface,
wherein the patient interface includes a plenum chamber, and the opening in the patient interface is formed in the plenum chamber,
wherein the housing is configured to be removably connected to the plenum chamber of the patient interface with a snap-fit,
wherein the vaporizer module includes a vent for washout of exhaled gas, the vent being positioned on an upstream side of the heating element,
wherein the vaporizer module includes a baffle to separate the humidified flow of air from a flow of the exhaled gas, and
wherein the vaporizer module comprises a labyrinthine flow path therethrough for the nebula and the flow of air to allow for adsorption of liquid water droplets of the nebula onto a surface of the heating element.