Light emission material and organic electroluminescence device including the same
A light emission material includes a first compound satisfying Equation 1: K 2≥0.1 K 1. Equation 1 In Equation 1, K1 is a sum of radiationless transition rate due to internal conversion from a certain specific n-th triplet excitation state to a lower order triplet excitation state including the lowest triplet excitation state, K2 is a reverse intersystem crossing transition rate from the certain specific n-th triplet excitation state to a singlet excitation state which is adjacent to the n-th triplet excitation state, and n is an integer of 2 or more. An organic electroluminescence device including the light emission material may simultaneously attain high emission efficiency and roll-off reduction.
1. A light emission material comprising a first compound satisfying the following Equation 1:
K 2≥0.1 K 1, Equation 1
wherein K1 is a sum of radiationless transition rate due to internal conversion from an n-th triplet excitation state to a lower order triplet excitation state including the lowest triplet excitation state, and K2 is a reverse intersystem crossing transition rate from the n-th triplet excitation state to a singlet excitation state, which is adjacent to the n-th triplet excitation state,
n is an integer of 2 or more, and
the first compound is represented by Formula 1:
wherein L 1 is a divalent substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring,
m is an integer of 0 to 3,
wherein when m is 2 or more, a plurality of L 1 are the same or different,
R 1 to R 6 are each independently selected from deuterium, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring,
Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, and
a to f are each independently an integer of 0 to 4,
provided that:
R 1 to R 6 are each independently not a t-butyl group,
when R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , and R 6 are each a bromine atom, then m is an integer of 1 to 3,
when a to f are each 0, then m is an integer of 1 to 3,
when a to f are each 0, then (L 1 ) m does not include a divalent biphenylene group and a divalent ethylene group,
when a to f are each 0 and m is 2, then (L 1 ) m does not include a divalent unsubstituted phenylene group and a divalent unsubstituted ethylene group,
when m is 0,
a case where a, b, e, and f are each 1 is excluded, and
R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , and R 6 are each independently a triphenylsilyl group, and
when m is an integer of 1 to 3,
at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , or R 6 is a halogen atom, a cyano group, or a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, or
any of a, b, e, or d are each independently an integer of 2 to 4, or
at least one of Y 1 or Y 2 is not hydrogen, and when one of Y 1 or Y 2 is hydrogen, the remaining one of Y 1 or Y 2 is not an unsubstituted phenyl group or an unsubstituted methyl group.
2. The light emission material of claim 1 , wherein K1 is 1×10 9 s −1 or less.
3. The light emission material of claim 1 , wherein the first compound further satisfies the following Equation 2:
Vn <1.5×10 −4 (atomic unit), Equation 2
wherein Vn is defined with respect to the n-th triplet excitation state and is a maximum value among off-diagonal vibronic coupling constants against each standard vibration mode calculated by quantum chemical calculation between the n-th triplet excitation state and the lowest triplet excitation state.
4. The light emission material of claim 1 , wherein a maximum light emission wavelength is 480 nm or less.
5. The light emission material of claim 1 , wherein
the first compound is at least one selected from compounds represented in the following Compound Group 1:
6. The light emission material of claim 1 , further comprising a second compound,
wherein the lowest triplet excitation energy level of the second compound is higher than the lowest singlet excitation energy level of the first compound.
7. The light emission material of claim 6 , wherein the second compound is represented by one of the following Formulae 4 to 6:
wherein X 1 to X 4 are each independently a direct linkage, O, S, CRaRb, or SiRcRd,
Ra to Rd and Z 1 to Z 15 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring,
g and s are each independently 0 or 1,
r is 1 or 2,
q 1 , q 2 , q 5 , q 6 and q 13 are each independently an integer of 0 to 5;
q 3 , q 4 , q 7 to q 12 , q 14 and q 15 are each independently an integer of 0 to 4, and
L 4 is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring.
8. The light emission material of claim 1 , having a light emission mechanism based on transition from a singlet state to a ground state.
9. An organic electroluminescence device, comprising:
a first electrode;
a hole transport region on the first electrode;
an emission layer on the hole transport region;
an electron transport region on the emission layer; and
a second electrode on the electron transport region,
wherein the emission layer comprises a first compound satisfying the following Equation 1:
K 2≥0.1 K 1, Equation 1
wherein K1 is a sum of radiationless transition rate due to internal conversion from an n-th triplet excitation state to a lower order triplet excitation state including the lowest triplet excitation state,
K2 is a reverse intersystem crossing transition rate from the n-th triplet excitation state to a singlet excitation state adjacent to the n-th triplet excitation state, and
n is an integer of 2 or more, and
the first compound is represented by Formula 1:
wherein L 1 is a divalent substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring,
m is an integer of 0 to 3,
wherein when m is 2 or more, a plurality of Li are the same or different,
R 1 to R 6 are each independently selected from deuterium, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring,
Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, and
a to f are each independently an integer of 0 to 4,
provided that:
R 1 to R 6 are each independently not a t-butyl group,
when R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , and R 6 are each a bromine atom, then m is an integer of 1 to 3,
when a to f are each 0, then m is an integer of 1 to 3,
when a to f are each 0, then (L 1 ) m does not include a divalent biphenylene group and a divalent ethylene group,
when a to f are each 0 and m is 2, then (L 1 ) m does not include a divalent unsubstituted phenylene group and a divalent unsubstituted ethylene group,
when m is 0,
a case where a, b, e, and f are each 1 is excluded, and
R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , and R 6 are each independently a triphenylsilyl group, and
when m is an integer of 1 to 3,
at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , or R 6 is a halogen atom, a cyano group, or a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, or
any of a, b, e, or d are each independently an integer of 2 to 4, or
at least one of Y 1 or Y 2 is not hydrogen, and when one of Y 1 or Y 2 is hydrogen, the remaining one of Y 1 or Y 2 is not an unsubstituted phenyl group or an unsubstituted methyl group.
10. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 9 , wherein K1 is 1×10 9 s −1 or less.
11. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 9 , wherein the first compound further satisfies the following Equation 2:
Vn <1.5×10 −4 (atomic unit), Equation 2
where Vn is defined with respect to the n-th triplet excitation state and is a maximum value among off-diagonal vibronic coupling constants against each standard vibration mode calculated by quantum chemical calculation between the n-th triplet excitation state and the lowest triplet excitation state.
12. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 9 , wherein a maximum emission wavelength is 480 nm or less.
13. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 9 , wherein
the first compound is at least one selected from compounds represented in the following Compound Group 1:
14. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 9 , wherein the emission layer comprises a host and a dopant, and
the dopant is the first compound.
15. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 14 , wherein the lowest triplet excitation energy level of the host is higher than the lowest singlet excitation energy level of the dopant.
16. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 14 , wherein the host is a second compound represented one of the following Formulae 4 to 6:
wherein X 1 to X 4 are each independently O, S, CRaRb, or SiRcRd,
Ra to Rd and Z 1 to Z 15 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring,
g and s are each independently 0 or 1,
r is 1 or 2,
q 1 , q 2 , q 5 , q 6 and q 13 are each independently an integer of 0 to 5;
q 3 , q 4 , q 7 to q 12 , q 14 and q 15 are each independently an integer of 0 to 4, and
L 4 is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms for forming a ring.
17. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 9 , wherein the emission layer is a fluorescence emission layer, and a maximum external quantum yield is 5% or more.