Zoned and/or layered substrates and method and apparatus for producing the same
Methods and apparatuses for producing a zoned and/or layered substrate are described. A substrate can include a first layer including a first zone, a second zone, and an interface between zones. The first zone can include a plurality of fibers. The second zone can include a plurality of fibers and can be offset from the first zone in a cross-direction. The interface can include at least some of the plurality of fibers of the first zone and at least some of the plurality of fibers of the second zone to provide a purity gradient with a transition width less than 3.8 cm as defined by the Purity Gradient Test Method as described herein.
1. A substrate including a machine direction, a cross-direction, and a z-direction perpendicular to a plane defined by the machine direction and the cross-direction, the substrate comprising:
a first layer, the first layer comprising:
a first zone comprising a plurality of fibers;
a second zone comprising a plurality of fibers, the second zone being offset from the first zone in the cross-direction; and
an interface between the first zone and the second zone, the interface between the first zone and the second zone comprising at least some of the plurality of fibers of the first zone being mixed with at least some of the plurality of fibers of the second zone to provide a purity gradient with a transition width less than 3.8 cm as defined by a Purity Gradient Test Method.
2. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the purity gradient provides the transition width to be less than 3.0 cm.
3. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the purity gradient provides a transition slope greater than 28 gray/cm as defined by the Purity Gradient Test Method.
4. The substrate of claim 3 , wherein the transition slope is greater than 40 gray/cm.
5. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the first layer further comprises:
a third zone, the third zone being offset from the first zone and the second zone in the cross-direction, the second zone being between the first zone and the third zone; and
an interface between the second zone and the third zone, the interface between the second zone and the third zone comprising at least some of the plurality of fibers of the second zone being mixed with at least some of the plurality of fibers of the third zone to provide a purity gradient with at least one of a transition width less than 3.8 cm as defined by the Purity Gradient Test Method and a transition slope greater than 28 gray/cm as defined by a Purity Gradient Test Method.
6. The substrate of claim 5 , further comprising:
a second layer, the second layer being offset from the first layer in the z-direction.
7. The substrate of claim 6 , wherein the second layer comprises superabsorbent material.
8. The substrate of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of fibers in the first zone and the plurality of fibers in the third zone each comprise cellulosic fibers, and wherein the first zone and the third zone each comprise a binder.
9. The substrate of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of fibers in the second zone comprise synthetic fibers, and wherein the second zone further comprises a binder.
10. A substrate including a machine direction, a cross-direction, and a z-direction perpendicular to a plane defined by the machine direction and the cross-direction, the substrate comprising:
a first layer, the first layer comprising:
a first zone comprising a plurality of fibers;
a second zone comprising a plurality of fibers, the second zone being offset from the first zone in the cross-direction; and
an interface between the first zone and the second zone, the interface between the first zone and the second zone comprising at least some of the plurality of fibers of the first zone being mixed with at least some of the plurality of fibers of the second zone to provide a purity gradient with a transition slope greater than 28 gray/cm as defined by a Purity Gradient Test Method.
11. The substrate of claim 10 , wherein the purity gradient provides the transition slope to be greater than 40 gray/cm.
12. The substrate of claim 10 , wherein the first layer further comprises:
a third zone, the third zone being offset from the first zone and the second zone in the cross-direction, the second zone being between the first zone and the third zone; and
an interface between the second zone and the third zone, the interface between the second zone and the third zone comprising at least some of the plurality of fibers of the second zone being mixed with at least some of the plurality of fibers of the third zone to provide a purity gradient with at least one of a transition width less than 3.8 cm as defined by the Purity Gradient Test Method and a transition slope greater than 28 gray/cm as defined by the Purity Gradient Test Method.
13. The substrate of claim 12 , further comprising:
a second layer, the second layer being offset from the first layer in the z-direction.
14. The substrate of claim 13 , wherein the second layer comprises superabsorbent material.
15. The substrate of claim 13 , wherein the plurality of fibers in the first zone and the plurality of fibers in the third zone each comprise cellulosic fibers, and wherein the first zone and the third zone each comprise a binder.
16. The substrate of claim 15 , wherein the plurality of fibers in the second zone comprise synthetic fibers, and wherein the second zone further comprises a binder.
17. The substrate of claim 16 , wherein the binder of the first zone, second zone, and third zone comprise binder fibers.
18. A substrate including a machine direction, a cross-direction, and a z-direction, the z-direction being perpendicular to a plane defined by the machine direction and the cross-direction, the substrate comprising:
a first layer comprising:
a first zone comprising a plurality of fibers;
a second layer being offset from the first layer in the z-direction, the second layer comprising:
a second zone comprising a plurality of superabsorbent material particles; and
an interface between the first layer and the second layer, the interface between the first layer and the second layer comprising at least some of the plurality of fibers of the first zone of the first layer being mixed with at least some of the plurality of superabsorbent material particles of the second zone of the second layer;
wherein the superabsorbent material particles of the second layer are controlled such that a relative thickness of the second layer is less than 70% of a total thickness of the substrate as measured by the Layer Relative Thickness Test.
19. The substrate of claim 18 , wherein the plurality of fibers in the first zone comprise cellulosic fibers and binder fibers.
20. The substrate of claim 18 , wherein the relative thickness of the second layer is less than 60% of a total thickness of the substrate.