Device and method for detection of analytes
A detection device and associated systems and methods for detecting analytes from a multiplex reaction are described. In particular, a device for conducting at least one detection reaction using a modified ELISA method including a surface with a detection region and a reference region, a detection sensor, and a light source. The detection device may include a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor. The device may be used to measure and report discrete quantities or combinations of discrete analytes, providing information to aid in the prognosis and/or diagnosis of altered states of health in vertebrates.
1. A method for predicting a cardiac failure in a subject, the method comprising:
a. collecting a biological sample from the subject;
b. contacting a device with the biological sample, the device comprising:
i) a surface to conduct at least one detection reaction, the surface comprising:
a detection region comprising one or more epitope binding agents, wherein each epitope binding agent is configured to bind exclusively to at least one analyte; and
a reference region, wherein the detection region is separate from the reference region;
ii) one or more detection sensors to sense light associated with the detection region;
iii) one or more reference sensors to sense light associated with the reference region;
wherein the one or more detection sensors and the one or more reference sensors are operated using a balanced sensor method, and wherein the detection region of the device comprises epitope binding agents specific for at least four biomarkers in the biological sample, the at least four biomarkers being selected from the group consisting of MIP 1 alpha (CCL3) (macrophage inflammatory protein 1α, chemokine C-C motif ligand 3), RANTES (CCL5)(Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed, and Secreted, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5), CCL18(chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 cytokine), HFABP (Heart-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein), PAPPA (Pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein A), hsCRP (C-reactive protein), hs cTnl (cardiac Troponin I), PIGF (Placental growth factor), Nt-proBNP(brain natriuretic peptide), IP-10(Interferon gamma-induced protein 10), MIC-1(macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1), cystatin C, LP PLA2(lipoprotein-associated phospholipase);
c. detecting with the device whether the level of an analyte was in a positive range associated with cardiac failure; and
d. identifying the subject as at risk for future cardiac failure when one or more of the analytes in the biological sample are in the positive range.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is complaining of discomfort that may indicate cardiac failure.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cardiac failure is selected from the group consisting of an acute coronary syndrome and a myocardial infarction.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the normal diagnostic tests are selected from the group consisting of conducting an electrocardiogram, an X-ray of the chest, a cardiac stress test, an echocardiography, a scintigraphy, a cardiac index, and determining the level of additional biomarkers.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the normal diagnostic test is and electrocardiogram or an electrocardiogram and level of troponin.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imminent cardiac failure is a cardiac failure that occurs within at least 2 weeks after the level of biomarkers was determined.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imminent cardiac failure is a cardiac failure that occurs from 72 hours to at least 2 weeks after the level of biomarkers was determined.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cardiac failure may comprise a fatal or nearly fatal cardiac failure.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biological sample is selected from the group consisting of cerebral spinal fluid, blood, urine, saliva, and tears.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises at least one light source to illuminate the detection region and the reference region, wherein the at least one light source is ambient light.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the device utilizes ambient light only.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the detection region comprises at least five epitope binding agents.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the detection region comprises at least nine epitope binding agents.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the detection region comprises at least thirteen epitope binding agents.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one analyte comprises a protein, a carbohydrate, a carbohydrate moiety, a lipid, a lipid moiety, a nucleotide, or a nucleotide sequence.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one analyte comprises a nucleotide or a nucleotide sequence.
17. A method for predicting a cardiac failure in a subject, the method comprising:
a. collecting a biological sample from the subject;
b. contacting a device with the biological sample, the device comprising:
i) a surface to conduct at least one detection reaction, the surface comprising:
a detection region comprising one or more epitope binding agents, wherein each epitope binding agent is configured to bind exclusively to at least one analyte, wherein the at least one analyte comprises a nucleotide or a nucleotide sequence; and
a reference region, wherein the detection region is separate from the reference region;
ii) one or more detection sensors to sense light associated with the detection region;
iii) one or more reference sensors to sense light associated with the reference region;
wherein the one or more detection sensors and the one or more reference sensors are operated using a balanced sensor method, and wherein the detection region of the device comprises epitope binding agents specific for at least four biomarkers in the biological sample, the at least four biomarkers being selected from the group consisting of MIP 1 alpha (CCL3), RANTES (CCL5), CCL18, HFABP, PaPPa, hsCRP, hs cTnl, PIGF Placental, Growth Factor, Nt-proBNP, IP-10, MIC-1, cystatin C, LP PLA2;
c. detecting with the device whether the level of an analyte was in a positive range associated with cardiac failure; and
d. identifying the subject as at risk for future cardiac failure when one or more of the analytes in the biological sample are in the positive range.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the cardiac failure is selected from the group consisting of an acute coronary syndrome and a myocardial infarction.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the normal diagnostic tests are selected from the group consisting of conducting an electrocardiogram, an X-ray of the chest, a cardiac stress test, an echocardiography, a scintigraphy, a cardiac index, and determining the level of additional biomarkers.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the biological sample is selected from the group consisting of cerebral spinal fluid, blood, urine, saliva, and tears.