Power switch having cascoded transistors of a same condictivity type, each of the cascoded transistors having its source tied to its body
A power switch includes a first transistor having a first current electrode corresponding to an output of the switch, a second transistor having a first current electrode coupled to a second current electrode of the first transistor, and a third transistor having a first current electrode coupled to a second current electrode of the second transistor and a second current electrode coupled to a first power supply voltage terminal which provides a first power supply voltage. The second current electrodes of each of the first, second, and third transistors are body-tied. An analog switch is either couples the second current electrode of the second transistor or a first reference voltage to a control electrode of the second transistor based on a control signal. A voltage selector circuit either couples the second current electrode of the first transistor or the first reference voltage to a control electrode of the first transistor.
1. A power switch, comprising:
a first transistor of a first conductivity type having a first current electrode corresponding to an output of the power switch and a second current electrode tied to a body terminal of the first transistor;
a second transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the first transistor and a second current electrode tied to a body terminal of the second transistor;
a third transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the second transistor and a second current electrode tied to a body terminal of the third transistor and coupled to a first power supply voltage terminal configured to provide a first power supply voltage;
an analog switch configured to either couple the second current electrode of the second transistor or a first reference voltage to a control electrode of the second transistor based on a control signal; and
a voltage selector circuit configured to either couple the second current electrode of the first transistor or the first reference voltage to a control electrode of the first transistor.
2. The power switch of claim 1 , wherein the control signal toggles between the first power supply voltage and the first reference voltage and controls a control electrode of the third transistor.
3. The power switch of claim 2 , further comprising an inverter having an input coupled to receive the control signal, and an output coupled to the control electrode of the third transistor.
4. The power switch of claim 1 , wherein the control signal toggles between the first power supply voltage and the first reference voltage, wherein:
when the control signal is at the first supply voltage, the analog switch provides the first reference voltage to the control electrode of the second transistor, and
when the control signal is at the first reference voltage, the analog switch couples the second current electrode of the second transistor to the control electrode of the second transistor.
5. The power switch of claim 4 , wherein the analog switch comprises:
a first transistor of a second conductivity type, opposite the first conductivity type, having a first current electrode coupled to the control electrode of the second transistor of the first conductivity type, a second current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the second transistor of the first conductivity type, and a control electrode controlled by an inverse of the control signal, and
a second transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the control electrode of the second transistor of the first conductivity type, a second current electrode coupled to receive the first reference voltage, and a control electrode controlled by the control signal.
6. The power switch of claim 1 , wherein the voltage selector circuit is further characterized as an extreme voltage selector which selects a maximum-of-two voltage or a minimum-of-two voltage.
7. The power switch of claim 6 , wherein the voltage selector circuit comprises:
a first transistor of a second conductivity type, opposite the first conductivity type, having a first current electrode coupled to a control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type, a second current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type, and a control electrode coupled to receive the first reference voltage, and
a second transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type, a second current electrode coupled to receive the first reference voltage, and a control electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type.
8. The power switch of claim 7 , wherein the control signal toggles between the first power supply voltage and the first reference voltage, wherein:
when the control signal is at the first supply voltage, the second transistor of the second conductivity type drives the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type by providing the first reference voltage to the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type, and
when the control signal is at the first reference voltage, the first transistor of the second conductivity type couples the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type to the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type.
9. The power switch of claim 7 , wherein when the first conductive type is N-type and the second conductivity type is P-type:
when the first reference voltage is greater than a voltage at the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type, the second transistor of the second conductivity type drives the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type by providing the first reference voltage to the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type, and
when the voltage at the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type is greater than the first reference voltage, the first transistor of the second conductivity type couples the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type to the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type.
10. The power switch of claim 7 , wherein when the first conductive type is P-type and the second conductivity type is N-type:
when the first reference voltage is less than a voltage at the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type, the second transistor of the second conductivity type drives the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type by providing the first reference voltage to the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type, and
when the voltage at the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type is less than the first reference voltage, the first transistor of the second conductivity type couples the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type to the control electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type.
11. The power switch of claim 1 , wherein the control signal toggles between the first power supply voltage and the first reference voltage, wherein:
when the control signal is at the first power supply voltage, the output of the power switch is pulled to the first power supply voltage, and
when the control signal is at the first reference voltage, the output of the power switch is at a high impedance state.
12. An input/output (IO) circuit comprising the power switch of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third transistors are further characterized as NMOS transistors, and further comprising a second power switch, the second power switch comprising:
a first PMOS transistor having a first current electrode corresponding to an output of the second power switch and a second current electrode tied to a body terminal of the first PMOS transistor, wherein the output of the second power switch is coupled to the output of the power switch and provides an output of the IO circuit;
a second PMOS transistor having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the first PMOS transistor and a second current electrode tied to a body terminal of the second PMOS transistor;
a third PMOS transistor having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the second PMOS transistor and a second current electrode tied to a body terminal of the third PMOS transistor and coupled to a second power supply voltage terminal configured to provide a second power supply voltage, greater than the first power supply voltage;
an analog switch configured to either couple the second current electrode of the second PMOS transistor or a second reference voltage to a control electrode of the second PMOS transistor based on a second control signal; and
a voltage selector circuit configured to either couple the second current electrode of the first PMOS transistor or the second reference voltage to a control electrode of the first PMOS transistor.
13. The IO circuit of claim 12 , wherein the control signal toggles between the first power supply voltage and the first reference voltage, and the second control signal toggles between the second reference voltage and the second power supply voltage.
14. The IO circuit of claim 13 , wherein the second reference voltage greater than the first power supply voltage and less than the second power supply voltage, and the first reference voltage is greater than the first power supply voltage and less than the second power supply voltage.
15. A power switch, comprising:
a first transistor of a first conductivity type having a first current electrode corresponding to an output of the power switch and a second current electrode tied to a body terminal of the first transistor;
a second transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the first transistor and a second current electrode tied to a body terminal of the second transistor;
a third transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the second transistor and a second current electrode tied to a body terminal of the third transistor and coupled to a first power supply voltage terminal configured to provide a first power supply voltage;
an analog multiplexer (MUX) configured to, based on a control signal, either couple the second current electrode of the second transistor via a first transistor of a second conductivity type to a control electrode of the second transistor or couple a first reference voltage to a control electrode of the second transistor via a second transistor of the second conductivity type, wherein the control signal toggles between the first power supply voltage and the first reference voltage and controls a control electrode of the third transistor; and
a voltage selector circuit configured to either couple the second current electrode of the first transistor or the first reference voltage to a control electrode of the first transistor.
16. The power switch of claim 15 , wherein the voltage selector circuit is configured to select an extreme voltage between the first reference voltage or and a voltage at the second current electrode of the first transistor of the first conductivity type, wherein the extreme voltage is one of a maximum voltage or a minimum voltage.
17. The power switch of claim 15 , wherein:
the first transistor of the second conductivity type has a first current electrode coupled to the control electrode of the second transistor, a second current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the second transistor, and a control electrode controlled by an inverse of the control signal, and
the second transistor of the second conductivity type has a first current electrode coupled to the control electrode of the second transistor, a second current electrode coupled to receive the first reference voltage, and a control electrode controlled by the first control signal.
18. The power switch of claim 15 , wherein the voltage selector circuit comprises:
a third transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to a control electrode of the first transistor, a second current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the first transistor, and a control electrode coupled to receive the first reference voltage, and
a fourth transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor, a second current electrode coupled to receive the first reference voltage, and a control electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the first transistor.
19. An input/output (IO) circuit, comprising:
at least three cascoded NMOS transistors coupled between an output of the IO circuit and a first voltage supply terminal configured to provide a first power supply voltage, including:
a first NMOS transistor having a drain terminal coupled to the output of the IO circuit and a source terminal tied to a body terminal of the first NMOS transistor,
a second NMOS transistor having a source terminal tied to a body terminal of the second NMOS transistor, and
a third NMOS transistor having a source terminal tied to a body terminal of the third NMOS transistor and to the first power supply voltage terminal;
a first analog MUX configured to either couple the source terminal of the second NMOS transistor or a first reference voltage to a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor based on a first control signal generated from a data input, wherein the IO circuit is configured to provide output data at the output of the IO circuit which matches a logic state of the data input;
a first voltage selector circuit configured to either couple the source terminal of the first NMOS transistor or the first reference voltage to a gate terminal of the first NMOS transistor;
at least three cascoded PMOS transistors coupled between the output of the IO circuit and a second voltage supply terminal configured to provide a second power supply voltage that is greater than the first power supply voltage, including:
a first PMOS transistor having a source terminal tied to a body terminal of the first PMOS transistor,
a second PMOS transistor having a source terminal tied to a body terminal of the second PMOS transistor, and
a third PMOS transistor having a source terminal tied to a body terminal of the third PMOS transistor and to the second power supply voltage;
a second analog MUX configured to either couple the source terminal of the second PMOS transistor or a second reference voltage to a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor based on a second control signal generated from the data input; and
a second voltage selector circuit configured to either couple the source terminal of the first PMOS transistor or the second reference voltage to a gate terminal of the first PMOS transistor.
20. The IO circuit of claim 19 , wherein:
the first control signal toggles between the first power supply voltage and the first reference voltage and controls a gate terminal of the third NMOS transistor, and the second control signal toggles between the second reference voltage and the second power supply voltage and controls a gate terminal of the third PMOS transistor, and
the second reference voltage greater than the first power supply voltage and less than the second power supply voltage, and the first reference voltage is greater than the first power supply voltage less than the second power supply voltage.