Assistive movement training apparatus for the disabled
The present invention relates to the field of medical devices. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus ( 10 ) for assisting the movement of a subject, such as a patient or disabled person, to train and strengthen the muscles of their body, said apparatus ( 10 ).
1. An apparatus for assisting the movement of a subject during a training session comprising:
a frame having an elongated base and an upright support member positioned at the front of the apparatus;
a support unit comprising a bottom support, a back support, an upper body securing device and a switching mechanism configured to selectively switch the position of the bottom and back supports between at least two states, a seated state wherein the bottom support is substantially perpendicular to the back support, and a standing state wherein the bottom support is substantially parallel, optionally aligned, with the back support;
a movement assistance unit comprising, for each of the subject's legs, a foot fastener, a leg securing device, and a movement mechanism consisting of an assembly of elongated bars hingedly connected to each other, including at least one vertical bar that is pivotally coupled to the upright support member and extends downward therefrom in a substantially vertical manner, and at least one horizontal bar that is pivotally coupled to an opposite end of the apparatus and extends along the elongated base in a substantially horizontal manner, wherein an elliptical leg movement path can be realised with the assembly; wherein the foot fastener and leg securing device are arranged on the horizontal bar; and,
wherein the leg securing device comprises a shackle and a height-adjusting mechanism configured to adjust the height of the shackle to a position adjacent to, or below, the subject's knee joint; wherein the shackle secures the subject's leg at the pivot point of the knee when the switching mechanism switches between the seated and standing states; and wherein the movement assistance unit comprises a pulling mechanism that is connected to each shackle and is configured to pull one shackle back when the other shackle moves forward, thereby providing an alternating leg movement.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the support unit is mounted on a rotatable base configured to rotate the support unit around the apparatus' vertical axis wherein at least the bottom support and the back support can be oriented sideways for subject entry.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the leg securing device comprises a pivoting mechanism configured to rotate the shackle around a longitudinal axis of the height-adjusting mechanism; wherein the shackle can be rotated between at least two positions, an inward position to secure the subject's leg and an outward position to release the subject's leg; optionally wherein the pivoting mechanism comprises a locking member configured to lock the shackle in one of the at least two positions.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the leg securing device comprises a tilting mechanism rotatably connected to the foot fastener at the height of the subject's ankle; and configured to tilt the shackle around the ankle's axis of rotation.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the leg securing device comprises a stop member that is configured to block at least a backward tilt of the shackle to prevent overstretching of the subject's knee; wherein the stop member is positioned below the tilting mechanism and is configured to contact a portion of the leg securing device extending below the tilting mechanism.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the tilting mechanism is configured to tilt the shackle forward between at least two positions, a downward position to enter the subject's leg and an upward position to secure the subject's leg.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the shackle is at least partially open-ended and consists of a rigid outer piece and a flexible inner piece that is configured to move towards the outer piece to reduce the pressure exerted on the subject's leg.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the switching mechanism comprises an assembly of at least two adjacent rods, an upper rod and a lower rod, which are rotatably connected at opposite ends to the bottom and back supports at an oblique angle so as to form a vertical parallelogram; whereby a rotation of the assembly simultaneously tilts the bottom support and lifts the back support to align in the standing state and intersect in the seated state.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the switching mechanism comprises a moveably arranged locking member configured to lock the rotation of the rotatable base; wherein the locking member is biased towards the assembly and is configured to unlock when the switching mechanism is in the seated state.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the upper body securing device comprises at least two lateral engaging members arranged on either side of the back support and configured to laterally engage, optionally simultaneously, the subject's upper body under the arms.
11. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the pulling mechanism comprises a swivelling body arranged in the rear of the apparatus; wherein the swivelling body has at least two wire attachments arranged at opposite ends thereof; and wherein each shackle is connected to a separate wire attachment by means of a connecting wire wherein the movement of each shackle is coupled to the rotation of the swivelling body.
12. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the pulling mechanism comprises a tensioning mechanism configured to adjust the position of the swivelling body along the longitudinal axis of the elongated base to set the tension on the subject's leg.
13. The apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein the retracting mechanism is connected to a locking member disposed on the swivelling body and configured to lock the retracting mechanism when the position of the swivelling body is adjusted by the tensioning mechanism.
14. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus comprises at least one retractable wheel and a retracting mechanism configured to reversibly extend and retract the wheel.
15. A method of use, the method comprising: providing the device of claim 1 and using the device to assist the movement of a subject during a training session.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the subject is disabled or movement impaired; wherein the subject is optionally affected by cerebral palsy, acquired brain or spinal injury, neurological conditions, multiple sclerosis, spina bifida or a movement impairing condition.