Method and system for direct electric heating of a double-walled pipe for transporting fluids
A method and system for Direct Electrical Heating of a Pipe-In-Pipe pipeline for transporting fluids includes mechanically connecting the steel inner shell to the steel outer shell at different intervals of the pipeline, establishing an electrical and thermal insulation between the inner shell and the outer shell, applying an alternating electric current between an outer surface of the inner shell and an inner surface of the outer shell over the entire length of the pipeline so as to heat the inner shell of the pipeline by Joule effect, and placing on the outer surface of the inner shell at least one layer made of resistive and ferromagnetic material so as to increase the ratio of electric power transmitted to the inner shell.
1. A Direct Electrical Heating system of a Pipe-In-Pipe pipeline for transporting fluids, the pipeline comprising a steel inner shell intended to transport fluids and a steel outer shell positioned around the inner shell while being coaxial therewith to delimit an annular space therewith, the system comprising:
a plurality of mechanical links between the inner shell and the outer shell which are positioned at different intervals of the pipeline;
an electrical and thermal insulation between the inner shell and the outer shell which is positioned over an entire length of the pipeline;
an alternating electric current generator applied between an outer surface of the inner shell and an inner surface of the outer shell over the entire length of the pipeline so as to heat the inner shell of the pipeline by Joule effect;
at least one layer made of resistive and ferromagnetic material positioned on the outer surface of the inner shell over the entire length of the pipeline so as to increase a ratio of electric power transmitted to the inner shell; and
a jacket made of conductive and non-magnetic material positioned on the inner surface of the outer shell over the entire length of the pipeline;
wherein electrical resistivity to magnetic permeability product for the inner shell is increased and electrical resistivity to magnetic permeability product for the outer shell is decreased; and
wherein the jacket is arranged to be split and closed for insertion within the outer shell of the pipeline, and then released once placed in the outer shell to allow the jacket to lie against the inner surface of the outer shell.
2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the jacket made of conductive and non-magnetic material is made of aluminum, copper, bronze, brass or zinc.
3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the jacket made of conductive and non-magnetic material has a thickness comprised between 1 and 6 mm.
4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the layer made of resistive and ferromagnetic material is made of electrical steel or amorphous metal.
5. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the layer made of resistive and ferromagnetic material has a thickness comprised between 1 and 3 mm.
6. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the mechanical links between the inner shell and the outer shell of the pipeline are annular shoulders evenly spaced over the entire length of the pipeline.
7. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the inner shell and the outer shell of the pipeline each comprise a plurality of shell sections connected end-to-end to each other by weld beads, the jacket made of conductive and non-magnetic material and the layer made of resistive and ferromagnetic material having discontinuities at the weld beads.
8. The system according to claim 7 , wherein electrical continuity of the jacket made of conductive and non-magnetic material and of the layer made of resistive and ferromagnetic material is achieved directly through the inner and outer shells.
9. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the layer made of resistive and ferromagnetic material is devoid of adhesive on the outer surface of the inner shell.
10. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the jacket made of conductive and non-magnetic material is devoid of adhesive on the inner surface of the outer shell.