Anti-buckling cables, systems, and methods for impact-attenuating shear plates of battery assemblies
Presented are anti-buckling cables for battery assembly shear plates, methods for making/using such anti-buckling cables, and electric-drive vehicles equipped with traction battery packs having impact-attenuating shear plates joined by anti-buckling cables. A battery assembly includes multiple battery cells, such as lithium-class prismatic, pouch, or can-type cells arranged in rows and columns, that are housed inside a protective battery container, such as an electrically insulated battery pack housing. A pair of rigid, impact-attenuating (top and bottom) shear plates is attached to opposing (top and bottom) sides of the battery container, sandwiching therebetween the battery cells. An engineered pattern of tether cables extends through the battery container with cable each rigidly secured at opposing ends thereof to the two shear plates. The tether cables are electrically non-conductive and structurally join together the vertically spaced, mutually parallel shear plates. Each of the tether cables may be continuously tensioned between the shear plates.
1. A battery assembly, comprising:
a plurality of battery cells;
a battery container housing therein the battery cells;
first and second shear plates attached to opposing first and second sides, respectively, of the battery container and sandwiching therebetween the battery cells; and
a plurality of tether cables extending through the battery container and each rigidly secured at opposing ends thereof to the first and second shear plates, wherein the tether cables are electrically non-conductive and structurally join together the first and second shear plates.
2. The battery assembly of claim 1 , wherein each of the tether cables is continuously tensioned between the shear plates.
3. The battery assembly of claim 1 , wherein each of the tether cables originates at the first shear plate, extends rectilinearly through the battery container, and terminates at the second shear plate.
4. The battery assembly of claim 1 , wherein the battery cells are arranged in neighboring rows and columns, and wherein each of the tether cables threads between a respective neighboring pair of the battery cells.
5. The battery assembly of claim 1 , wherein each of the tether cables is fabricated as a discrete structure from an electrically non-conductive flexible fibrous material.
6. The battery assembly of claim 5 , wherein the flexible fibrous material includes electrically insulative glass fibers and/or dielectric polyamide fibers.
7. The battery assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of guide straws located inside the battery container and extending between the first and second shear plates, each of the guide straws receiving therethrough a respective one of the tether cables.
8. The battery assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of adhesive beads and/or thermoplastic resin anchors each rigidly securing a respective one of the ends of the tether cables to one of the shear plates.
9. The battery assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first shear plate includes a plurality of first holes, the second shear plate includes a plurality of second holes aligned with the first holes as mated hole pairs, and each of the tether cables is threaded through a respective one of the mated hole pairs.
10. The battery assembly of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of tether cables includes a square or rectangular array of tether cables arranged in multiple mutually parallel rows and multiple mutually parallel columns of tether cables.
11. The battery assembly of claim 1 , wherein each of the shear plates is a substantially flat panel fabricated with a rigid metallic material as a single-piece structure.
12. The battery assembly of claim 1 , wherein the battery container includes:
an electrical interconnect board assembly interposed between the first shear plate and the battery cells and electrically connecting the battery cells; and
a cell carrier panel interposed between the second shear plate and the battery cells and buttressing the battery cells.
13. The battery assembly of claim 1 , wherein the battery container includes multiple container sidewalls interconnected to surround the battery cells, the container sidewalls including a pair of side rails joined at opposing ends thereof to fore and aft rails, the side rails configured to mount to rocker sections of a vehicle chassis, and the fore and aft rails configured to mount to front and rear bulkhead sections of the vehicle chassis.
14. A motor vehicle, comprising:
a vehicle body;
a plurality of road wheels attached to the vehicle body;
a traction motor attached to the vehicle body and operable to drive one or more of the road wheels to thereby propel the motor vehicle; and
a traction battery pack attached to the vehicle body and electrically connected to the traction motor, the traction battery pack including:
an array of rechargeable electrochemical battery cells;
a battery container housing therein the battery cells, the battery container including
a plurality of container sidewalls interconnected to at least partially surround the battery cells;
top and bottom shear plates attached to opposing top and bottom sides, respectively, of the battery container and sandwiching therebetween the battery cells; and
a rectangular array of tether cables extending through the battery container and each rigidly secured at opposing ends thereof to the top and bottom shear plates,
wherein the tether cables are electrically non-conductive and structurally join the top shear plate to the bottom shear plate.
15. A method of constructing a battery assembly, the method comprising:
receiving a plurality of battery cells and a battery container;
placing the battery cells inside the battery container;
attaching first and second shear plates to opposing first and second sides, respectively, of the battery container such that the first and second shear plates sandwich therebetween the battery cells;
threading a plurality of tether cables through the battery container; and
rigidly securing each of the tether cables at opposing ends thereof to the first and second shear plates, wherein the tether cables are electrically non-conductive and structurally join the first shear plate to the second shear plate.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising tensioning each of the tether cables between the shear plates after threading the tether cables through the battery container.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the battery cells are arranged in neighboring rows and columns, and wherein each of the tether cables threads between a respective neighboring pair of the battery cells.
18. The method of claim 15 , further comprising fabricating each of the tether cables as a discrete structure from an electrically non-conductive flexible fibrous material.
19. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
locating a plurality of guide straws inside the battery container such that the guide straws extend between the first and second shear plates; and
passing a respective one of the tether cables through each of the guide straws prior to rigidly securing the tether cables to the first and second shear plates.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein rigidly securing the tether cables includes applying a plurality of adhesive beads and/or thermoplastic resin anchors to the first and second shear plates such that each of the adhesive beads and/or thermoplastic resin anchors rigidly secures a respective one of the ends of the tether cables to one of the shear plates.