System for residual limbs of amputees
Various aspects of this disclosure relate to a layered polymer substrate with electrodes and conductive ink embedded in the substrate. In some embodiments, a prosthetic liner may be bonded onto the polymer substrate. The substrate may include an interconnect coupled to the electrodes via the conductive ink. The system may include a controller (e.g., an electrode controller) in communication with the electrodes via the conductive ink. The electrodes may be activated such that they may stimulate nerve fibers in a user's residual limb.
1. A system for modulating nerve activation in a residual limb of an amputee, comprising:
a substrate configured to contact the residual limb, including:
a first polymer layer including a plurality of electrodes and conductive ink; and
a second polymer layer;
a liner attached to the substrate, wherein the substrate and the liner are configured to receive the residual limb, such that at least one of the plurality of electrodes is in electrical communication with the residual limb;
an electrode controller configured to transmit electrical current to the plurality of electrodes according to one or more inputs;
an interconnect configured for an amputee to interchangeably connect the electrode controller and the substrate when coupled with the conductive ink; and
an external user device to communicate signaling with the electrode controller, including:
a graphical user interface configured to receive the one or more inputs from the amputee, wherein a first input corresponds to selectively activating one or more of the plurality of electrodes such that nerve fibers are stimulated in the residual limb.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of electrodes are recessed relative to an upper surface of the first polymer layer.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein an upper surface of each electrode of the plurality of electrodes is coplanar with an upper surface of the second polymer layer.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the substrate is between 0.1 mm and 26 mm.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of electrodes are configured to adapt directly to the conductive ink.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the conductive ink is configured to communicate signaling to each electrode from the interconnect, communicate signaling to the interconnect from each electrode, or both.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the conductive ink is configured to communicate the signaling to each electrode from the interconnect and communicate the signaling to the interconnect from each electrode when the substrate is stretched in any direction.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the conductive ink comprises silver infused nanoparticles, gold infused nanoparticles, a silver coated material, a conductive carbon material, or a combination thereof.
9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a conductive topical that is configured to conduct with the residual limb.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a cooling material, a moisture wicking material, an antimicrobial material, an antibacterial material or a combination thereof.
11. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
the interconnect integrated at least partially into the substrate comprising a polymer material.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the polymer material of the interconnect is a rigid silicone material.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the interconnect is configured as a pin connection for connecting with a power source.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a plurality of traces that comprise the conductive ink, wherein each electrode of the plurality of electrodes is coupled with a respective trace, and wherein the plurality of traces each terminate at an end of the substrate and are configured to connect to the interconnect.
15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises one or more sensors in communication with the residual limb and configured to receive one or more parameters associated with polymer substrate, the residual limb, or a combination thereof.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the one or more sensors comprise a stretch sensor, a temperature sensor, a movement sensor, a motion sensor, a moisture sensor, an oxygen sensor, a pressure sensor, a bacterial sensor, a vibrational sensor, a blood glucose sensor, a pulse oxygen sensor, a magnetic flux sensor, or a combination thereof.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein:
the stretch sensor comprises a piezo resistive sensor;
the movement sensor comprises an accelerometer, a gyroscope, an optical sensor, a hall effect sensor, or a resistive flexion sensor;
the oxygen sensor comprises an optical oximeter;
the pressure sensor comprises a capacitive sensor, a force sensing resistor, an optical sensor, a pneumatic sensor, a strain-gauge sensor, a piezoelectric sensor, or a piezo chromic sensor; and
the vibrational sensor comprises an accelerometer or a gyroscope.
18. The system of claim 15 , wherein the polymer substrate further comprises one or more feedback paths for the one or more sensors.
19. The system of claim 1 , wherein one or more locations of electrode stimulation are alternatively selected by an artificial intelligence algorithm.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein a second input corresponds to user feedback from the amputee and the second input is configured to provide data to personalize the artificial intelligence algorithm to the amputee.
21. The system of claim 1 , wherein the substrate and the liner include polymer compatible materials.
22. The system of claim 1 , wherein the substrate and the liner are different materials.
23. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second polymer layer is a protective barrier between the liner, and the electrodes and the conductive ink.
24. The system of claim 1 , wherein the external user device is a mobile device, a computer, or a wearable device.
25. The system of claim 24 wherein the external user device is wirelessly connected to the electrode controller.
26. The system of claim 1 , wherein a second input corresponds to selecting a first sensation such that the selectively activated electrodes electrically stimulate the nerve fibers in the residual limb with the first sensation.
27. The system of claim 26 , wherein the first sensation is selected from tapping sensation, a kneading sensation, a rolling sensation, a cupping sensation, or a scraping sensation.
28. The system of claim 26 , wherein a third input corresponds to user feedback from the amputee, selected from pain feedback, mental health feedback, or preferred setting feedback.
29. A system for modulating nerve activation in a residual limb of an amputee, comprising:
a substrate configured to contact the residual limb, including:
a first polymer layer including a plurality of electrodes;
a plurality of conductive ink traces printed on the first polymer layer and coupled with each of the plurality of electrodes;
a second polymer layer over the plurality of conductive ink traces and the electrodes;
a liner attached to the substrate, wherein the substrate and the liner are configured to receive the residual limb such that at least one of the plurality of electrodes is in electrical communication with the residual limb;
an electrode controller configured to transmit electrical current to the plurality of electrodes according to one or more inputs;
an interconnect configured for an amputee to interchangeably connect the electrode controller and the substrate when coupled with the conductive ink; and
an external user device to communicate wireless signaling with the electrode controller, the external user device selected from a mobile phone, a computer, or a wearable device, and including:
a graphical user interface configured to receive the one or more inputs from the amputee,
wherein a first input corresponds to selectively activating one or more of the plurality of electrodes such that nerve fibers are stimulated at one or more locations in the residual limb,
wherein a second input corresponds to selecting a first sensation selected from tapping sensation, a kneading sensation, a rolling sensation, a cupping sensation, or a scraping sensation such that the selectively activated electrodes stimulate the nerve fibers in the residual limb at the one or more locations with the first sensation, and
wherein a third input corresponds to user feedback from the amputee, selected from pain feedback, mental health feedback, and preferred setting feedback.