Liquid-crystal medium
The present invention relates to liquid-crystal (LC) media as defined in claim 1 , having negative dielectric anisotropy and to the use thereof for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in LC displays.
1. A liquid crystal medium comprising
a) one or more compounds selected from formulae I-1, I-2, and I-3
in which
R H denotes H, O • , CH 3 , OH or OR S ,
Sp on each occurrence, identically or differently, denotes a spacer group, and
W denotes linear, optionally unsaturated, alkylene having 1 to 12 C atoms or branched, optionally unsaturated, alkylene having 2 to 12 C atoms, in which one or more non-adjacent-CH 2 -groups may each be replaced with —O—,
wherein the total concentration of the one or more compounds of formulae I-1, I-2, and I-3 is in the range of from 1000 ppm to 5000 ppm;
b) one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae IIA, IIB, and IIC
in which
R 2A , R 2B , and R 2C each, independently of one another, denote H, or an alkyl having 1 to 15 C atoms or alkenyl radical having 2 to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF 3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where one or more CH 2 groups in these radicals may each be replaced by —O—, —S—,
—C≡C—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —OC—O—, or —O—CO— in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another;
L 1 and L 2 each, independently of one another, denote F, Cl, CF 3 or CHF 2 ;
Y denotes H, F, Cl, CF 3 , CHF 2 , or CH 3 ;
Z 2 and Z 2B each, independently of one another, denote a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —COO—, —OCO—, —C 2 F 4 —, —CF═CF—, or —CH═CHCH 2 O—;
(O) denotes O or a single bond;
p denotes 0, 1 or 2;
q denotes 0 or 1; and
v denotes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6;
c) one or more compounds selected from formula IID
in which
R 2D denotes H, or an alkyl having 1 to 15 C atoms or alkenyl radical having 2 to 15 C atoms which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF 3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where one or more CH 2 groups in these radicals may each be replaced by —O—, —S—,
—C≡C—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —OC—O—, or —O—CO— in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another;
L 1 and L 2 each, independently of one another, denote F, Cl, CF 3 or CHF 2 ;
Y denotes H, F, CI, CF 3 , CHF 2 , or CH 3 ;
Z 2 denotes a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —COO—, —OCO—, —C 2 F 4 —, —CF═CF—, or —CH═CHCH 2 O—;
Z D is a single bond;
(O) denotes O or a single bond;
q denotes 0 or 1; and
v denotes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and
d) one or more compounds selected from formula IID-10, and/or one or more compounds of formula CL:
in which
R 2D and (O) have the meanings defined for formula IID, and alkyl denotes n-alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms,
R L denotes H, a straight chain alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 15 C atoms, a branched alkyl or alkoxy radical having 2 to 15 C atoms, a straight chain alkenyl radical having 2 to 15 C atoms, or a branched alkenyl radical having 3 to 15 C atoms, where one or more CH 2 groups in these radicals may each be replaced, independently of one another, by
—C═C—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH═CH—, —O—, —CO—O—, or —O—CO— in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms may each be replaced by halogen,
X L denotes F, CI, CN, CHF 2 , CF 3 , OCF 3 , or, identically or differently, has one of the meanings of R L , and
YL denotes H, F, Cl or CH 3 .
2. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 , wherein the medium further comprises one or more compounds of the formula ST-3
in which
R ST denotes H, or an alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 15 C atoms, where, in addition, one or more CH 2 groups in these radicals may each be replaced, independently of one another by —C≡C—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH═CH—,
—O—, —CO—O—, or —O—CO— in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which one or more H atoms may each be replaced by halogen,
on each occurrence, identically or differently, denotes
Z ST denotes —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —CH═CH—, —CH 2 O—, —C 2 F 4 —, —CH 2 CF 2 —, —CF 2 CH 2 —, —CF=CF—, —CH═CF—, —CF=CH—, —CH═CH—, —C═C—, or a single bond, and
p denotes 0, 1 or 2.
3. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 , wherein the medium further comprises one or more compounds of formula III
in which
R 31 and R 32 each, independently of one another, denote H, an alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 15 C atoms, where one or more CH 2 groups in these radicals may each be replaced, independently of one another, by
—C≡C—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH═CH—, by —O—, —CO—O—, or —O—CO— in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which one or more H atoms may each be replaced by halogen,
A 31 on each occurrence, independently of one another, denotes
a) 1,4-cyclohexenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene radical, in which one or two non-adjacent CH 2 groups may each be replaced by —O— or —S—,
b) a 1,4-phenylene radical, in which one or two CH groups may each be replaced by N, or
c) a radical from the group spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, 1,4-bicyclo [2.2.2]octylene, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl and fluorene-2,7-diyl, where the radicals a), b) and c) may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen atoms,
Z 31 on each occurrence independently of one another denotes —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —CH═CH-CH 2 O—, —C 2 F 4 —, —CH 2 CF 2 —, —CF 2 CH 2 —, —CF═CF—, —CH═CF—, —CF=CH—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, or a single bond,
n denotes 0, 1 or 2,
L 31 and L 32 each, independently of one another, denote F, Cl, CF 3 , or CHF 2 , and
W denotes O or S.
4. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 , wherein the medium further comprises one or more compounds of formula IV
in which
R 41 denotes an unsubstituted alkyl radical having 1 to 7 C atoms or an unsubstituted alkenyl radical having 2 to 7 C atoms, and
R 42 denotes an unsubstituted alkyl radical having 1 to 7 C atoms or an unsubstituted alkoxy radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, or an unsubstituted alkenyl radical having 2 to 7 C atoms.
5. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 , wherein the medium further comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae IV-3-3 to IV-3-5:
6. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 , wherein the medium further comprises one or more compounds selected from the compounds of formulae IV-1-1 to IV-1-5
7. The medium according to claim 1 , wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula CL, and wherein said one or more compounds of formula CL are selected from the group of compounds of formulae CL-3-1 to CL-3-12
8. The medium according to claim 1 , wherein the medium has a birefringence in the range of from 0.085 to 0.110.
9. A liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal medium as defined in claim 1 .
10. The liquid crystal display of claim 9 , wherein the display is a VA, IPS or FFS type display.
11. A method of generating an electro-optical effect comprising using the liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 in a VA, IPS, FFS, PS-VA, PS-IPS or PS-FFS display.
12. A process of preparing a liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 , comprising:
mixing (a) one or more compounds selected from formulae 1-1, 1-2, and I-3 with (b) one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae IIA, IIB and/or IIC, (c) one or more compounds of the formula IID, (d) one or more compounds of formula IID-10 and/or one or more compounds of formula CL, as defined in claim 1 , and optionally (e) a polymerizable compound or further liquid crystal compounds or additives.
13. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 ,
wherein said one or more compounds of formulae I-1, I-2, and I-3 are selected from the compounds of the formula I-1-1:
wherein n is an integer from 0 to 12.
14. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 , wherein said one or more compounds of formulae I-1, I-2, and I-3 are selected from the compounds of the formula I-2-1:
wherein n2, on each occurrence, identically or differently, is an integer from 1 to 12, and R S on each occurrence, identically or differently, is alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms.
15. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 , wherein said one or more compounds of formulae I-1, I-2, and I-3 are selected from the compounds of the formula I-3-1:
wherein n is an integer from 0 to 12.
16. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 4 , wherein said one or more compounds of formula IV are selected from formulae compounds of the formulae IV-1 to IV-4
wherein
alkyl and alkyl′, independently of one another, denote alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms,
alkenyl denotes an alkenyl radical having 2 to 5 C atoms,
alkenyl′ denotes an alkenyl radical having 2 to 5 C atoms, and
alkoxy denotes alkoxy having 1 to 5 C atoms.
17. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 , further comprising a one or more polymerizable compounds of formula P
P-Sp-A 1 -(Z 1 -A 2 ) z -R P
wherein:
P is a polymerizable group,
Sp is a spacer group or a single bond,
A 1 , A 2 are each, identically or differently, an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic group having 4 to 25 ring atoms, which may also contain fused rings, and which is unsubstituted, or mono- or polysubstituted by L,
Z 1 is —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —SCH 2 —, —CH 2 S—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CF 2 S—, —SCF 2 —, —(CH 2 ) n1 —, —CF 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CF 2 —, —(CF 2 ) n1 —, —CH═CH—, —CF=CF—, —CH═CF—, —CF=CH—, —C═C—, —CH═CH—CO—O—, —O—CO—CH═CH—, —CH 2 —CH 2 —CO—O—, —O—CO—CH 2 —CH 2 —, —CR 0 R 00 —, or a single bond,
R 0 , R 00 are each, identically or differently, H or alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms,
R is H, L, or P-Sp-,
L is F, Cl, —CN, P-Sp-, a straight chain alkyl having 1 to 25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH 2 -groups are each optionally replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—CO—O— in such a manner that O- and/or S-atoms are not directly connected with each other, and wherein one or more H atoms are each optionally replaced by P-Sp-, F or Cl, or a branched or cyclic alkyl having 3 to 25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH 2 -groups are each optionally replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—CO—O— in such a manner that O- and/or S-atoms are not directly connected with each other, and wherein one or more H atoms are each optionally replaced by P-Sp-, For Cl,
Z is 0, 1, 2 or 3, and
n1 is 1, 2, 3 or 4.