Ashless additive composition
This disclosure describes an ashless lubricant additive. The additive is a tertiary amine-containing compound having the following structure: where each R 1 and R 5 is independently a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having two to about twenty carbon atoms, where each R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is independently a hydrogen, a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms wherein at least one of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is hydrogen, each m is independently from 0 to 2, each p is independently from 0 to 2, for each cylic moiety m+p is from 2 to 4, and each n is independently from 1 to 6.
1. An ashless additive composition comprising:
a tertiary amine-containing compound having the following structure:
wherein each R 1 and R 5 is independently a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having two to about twenty carbon atoms, wherein each R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is independently a hydrogen, a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms wherein at least one of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is hydrogen, each m is independently from 0 to 4, each p is independently from 0 to 4, for each cyclic moiety m+p is from 2 to 4, and each n is independently from 1 to 6.
2. The ashless additive composition of claim 1 , wherein the linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group is a branched C 12 to C 20 alkenyl group.
3. The ashless additive composition of claim 1 , wherein the linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group is a branched C 18 to C 20 alkenyl group.
4. A lubricating oil composition comprising:
a major amount of a base oil; and
an ashless tertiary amine-containing compound having the following structure:
wherein each R 1 and R 5 is independently a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having two to about twenty carbon atoms, wherein each R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is independently a hydrogen, a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms wherein at least one of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is hydrogen, each m is from 0 to 4, each p is from 0 to 4, for each cyclic moiety m+p is from 2 to 4, and each n is independently from 1 to 6.
5. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 , wherein the linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group is a branched C 12 to C 20 alkenyl group.
6. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 , wherein the linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group is a branched C 18 to C 20 alkenyl group.
7. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 , wherein the tertiary amine-containing compound is present in about 0.1 to 2 wt % by weight of the lubricating oil composition.
8. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 , wherein the lubricating oil composition is a hydraulic fluid, a slide way lubricant, automatic transmission fluid, continuously variable transmission fluid, battery electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle transmission fluid, or gear oil.
9. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 , further comprising: a friction modifier, ashless anti-wear additive, antioxidant, metal deactivator, seal swell additive, foam inhibitor, or viscosity modifier.
10. An ashless additive composition comprising diamide product of a reaction comprising:
a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydride represented by the following structure:
wherein R is a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having two to about twenty carbon atoms; and
a cyclic polyamine represented by the following structure:
wherein R is a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having two to about twenty carbon atoms, m is from 0 to 4, p is from 0 to 4, m+p is from 2 to 4, and n is from 1 to 6; and wherein the hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydride to cyclic polyamine ratio is about 1.5:1 to about 1.6:1.
11. The ashless additive composition of claim 10 , wherein the cyclic polyamine is aminoethyl piperazine, aminopropyl piperazine, aminobutyl piperazine, aminoethyl diazepane, or aminoethyl diazocane.
12. A method for modifying friction in an engine, the method comprising lubricating said engine with a lubricating oil composition comprising:
a major amount of base oil of lubricating viscosity; and
an ashless additive composition having the following structure:
wherein each R 1 and R 5 is independently a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having two to about twenty carbon atoms, wherein each R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is independently a hydrogen, a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms wherein at least one of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is hydrogen, each m is independently from 0 to 4, each p is independently from 0 to 4, for each cyclic moiety m+p is from 2 to 4, and each n is independently from 1 to 6.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group is a branched C 12 to C 20 alkenyl group.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group is a branched C 18 to C 20 alkenyl group.
15. A method of boosting total base number in a lubricating oil, the method comprising blending base oil and an ashless additive composition having the following structure:
wherein each R 1 and R 5 is independently a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having two to about twenty carbon atoms, wherein each R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is independently a hydrogen, a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms wherein at least one of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is hydrogen, each m is independently from 0 to 4, each p is independently from 0 to 4, for each cyclic moiety m+p is from 2 to 4, and each n is independently from 1 to 6.