Method and apparatus to assemble a high purity liquid distribution system
A method and apparatus for assembling a high purity liquid distribution system is described. A distal end portion of the tube is heated then pushed over a sleeve so that the distal end portion can have a shrink seal fit over the sleeve to mitigate accidental or inadvertent pull out of the tube from a fitting. Other benefits are also achieved such as minimal flow restriction of the liquid flowing through the joint and the tube.
1. A joint used in a liquid distribution system and connected to a tube, the tube being fabricated from plastic material, the joint comprising:
a sleeve fabricated from the plastic material, the sleeve defining a sealing length and an overall length, the sealing length defined by an enlarged portion and cylindrical portion, the overall length defined by the enlarged portion, the cylindrical portion and a distal end portion, an outer diameter of the enlarged portion being greater than an outer diameter of the cylindrical portion, the enlarged portion having a conical straight surface which is at an oblique angle to a central axis of the sleeve;
a fitting having threads and a recess for engaging a protrusion of the distal end portion and an inner surface, the tube being disposable between the inner surface of the fitting and the enlarged and cylindrical portions of the sleeve; and
a union nut having a pressing surface having a conical straight configuration and threads which engage the threads of the fitting, the pressing surface having a length which is shorter than a length of the conical straight surface of the sleeve and the length of the pressing surface entirely seated below an apex of the conical straight surface of the sleeve, the pressing surface is at an oblique angle to a central axis of the union nut prior to engagement of the union nut to the fitting, the central axis of the union nut coaxially aligned with the central axis of the sleeve when the union nut is engaged to the fitting, the pressing surface evenly presses on the conical straight surface of the sleeve when the union nut is fully tightened on the fitting to make the joint liquid tight;
wherein the pressing surface is monolithically formed with the union nut and remains at the same oblique angle when the union nut is engaged and disengaged to the fitting.
2. The joint of claim 1 wherein a length of the pressing surface is 40% to 95% of the length of the conical straight surface.
3. The joint of claim 2 wherein the length of the pressing surface is 60% to 90% of the length of the conical straight surface.
4. The joint of claim 1 wherein an angle of the conical straight surface to a central axis of the sleeve is equal to or between 10 degrees and 65 degrees.
5. The joint of claim 4 wherein the angle of the conical straight surface to the central axis of the sleeve is equal to or between 15 degrees and 45 degrees.
6. The joint of claim 1 wherein an angle of the pressing surface having a conical straight configuration is equal to the angle of the conical straight surface of the sleeve.
7. The joint of claim 1 wherein an end portion of the tube is heated to a softening temperature of the tube, and an inner portion of the end portion of the tube which engages the sleeve cools at a faster rate compared to an outer portion of the tube for compressing an inner surface of the tube on the sleeve.
8. The joint of claim 7 wherein no gap exists between the inner surface of the tube and at least 75% of a length of the enlarged potion of the sleeve.
9. The joint of claim 1 wherein the pressing surface of the union nut remains within an elastic limit of a material of the union nut when the union nut is fully tightened onto the fitting.
10. The joint of claim 1 wherein the conical straight surface has a length, the length of the conical straight surface being equal to or between 10% to 27% of the overall length of the sleeve wherein the tube is insertable over the enlarged portion and the cylindrical portion.