Discrete time loop based thermal control
In an embodiment, a circuit includes: an error amplifier; a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is coupled to the error amplifier; a discrete time controller coupled to the error amplifier, wherein the discrete time controller comprises digital circuitry; a multiple bits quantizer coupled to the discrete time controller, wherein the multiple bits quantizer produces a digital code output; and a heating array coupled to the multiple bits quantizer, wherein the heating array is configured to generate heat based on the digital code output.
1. A discrete time loop based control system, comprising:
an error amplifier;
a temperature sensor coupled to an input of the error amplifier;
a discrete time controller coupled to an output of the error amplifier; and
a quantizer configured to produce a digital code for control of a heater, wherein the temperature sensor is configured to produce a value that characterizes the digital code output by the quantizer, wherein the heater comprises a plurality of heating elements each comprising a respective resistor coupled to a respective switch, wherein the respective switch comprises a first terminal, a second terminal and a third terminal, wherein the first terminal is connected to the respective resistor, the second terminal is connected to a ground, and the third terminal is controlled by a respective bit of the digital code output, and wherein the discrete time controller is configured to produce a control signal for controlling the quantizer.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the discrete time controller is an integrator controller.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the integrator controller comprises an operational amplifier with a first capacitor between an inverting input and an output.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein, at the operational amplifier, the inverting input is connected with a second switch and a non-inverting input is coupled to the ground.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein, the second switch is coupled to a third switch and a second capacitor.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the second switch is driven by a first clock signal and the-third switch is driven by a second clock signal, wherein the first clock signal and the second clock signal are non-overlapping clock signals with a same period.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the digital code output comprises multiple bits that are each configured to control the plurality of heating elements.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the discrete time controller is a proportional and integrator controller.
9. The system of claim 7 , wherein the discrete time controller is a proportional integral derivative controller.
10. The system of claim 7 , wherein each of the plurality of heating elements comprises a resistor with one end coupled to a voltage source and another end coupled to a switch to the ground.
11. A circuit, comprising:
an error amplifier;
a sensor, wherein the sensor is coupled to the error amplifier;
a discrete time controller coupled to an output of the error amplifier; and
a quantizer configured to produce a digital code for control of a heater, wherein the sensor is configured to produce a value that characterizes the digital code output by the quantizer, wherein the heater comprises a plurality of heating elements, wherein each of the plurality of heating elements comprises a respective resistor coupled to a respective switch, wherein the respective switch comprises a first terminal, a second terminal and a third terminal, wherein the first terminal is connected to the respective resistor, the second terminal is connected to a ground, and the third terminal is controlled by a respective bit of the digital code output, and wherein the discrete time controller is configured to produce a control signal for controlling the quantizer.
12. The circuit of claim 11 , wherein the heating array is coupled to the quantizer, wherein the digital code is utilized by the heating array to control different switches within the array.
13. The circuit of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of heating elements are monotonic.
14. The circuit of claim 11 , wherein the sensor is a temperature sensor.
15. The circuit of claim 11 , wherein the quantizer is a multiple bit quantizer.
16. A method, comprising:
producing an output of a process, wherein the output is a temperature;
determining an output measurement value based on the output using a temperature sensor;
determining an error between the output measurement value and a reference value;
generating a control signal based on the error; and
using the control signal to control the process with a quantizer, wherein the quantizer utilizes the control signal to generate a digital code, and wherein the digital code individually controls a plurality of heating elements of a heating array, wherein each of the plurality of heating elements comprises a respective resistor coupled to a respective switch, wherein the respective switch comprises a first terminal, a second terminal and a third terminal, wherein the first terminal is connected to the respective resistor, the second terminal is connected to a ground, and the third terminal is controlled by a respective bit of the digital code output.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the quantizer comprises a multiple bit quantizer, and the process is performed by the multiple bit quantizer.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising turning the heating array on or off based on the process.
19. The method of claim 17 , further comprising turning different coils of the heating array on or off based on the digital code produced by the multiple bit quantizer.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the discrete time controller is implemented in digital circuitry.