Stabilization system of ESS and method therefor
A fire spreading prevention method in an energy storage system (ESS) composed of a plurality of battery racks including an individual battery rack fire detection step of detecting whether a fire occurs for each of the plurality of battery racks and a battery rack forced discharge step of forcibly discharging at least some of the plurality of battery racks when a fire is detected in the individual battery rack fire detection step.
1. An energy storage system (ESS) composed of a plurality of battery racks, the ESS comprising:
a forced discharge device configured to forcibly discharge power of the ESS;
a main output line configured to form a current path between the plurality of battery racks and an electronic device;
a forced discharge line configured to form a current path between the plurality of battery racks and the forced discharge device; and
an ESS controller configured to set a connection of the plurality of battery racks to one of the main output line and the forced discharge line,
wherein each of the plurality of battery racks comprises:
a fire detector configured to detect a fire of the battery rack and to output a fire detection signal upon detecting the fire of the battery rack; and
a switch assembly configured to connect the battery rack to the main output line or the forced discharge line under the control of the ESS controller, and
wherein each switch assembly is directly connected to the forced discharge line, and
wherein the forced discharge device is configured to discharge at least one battery rack of the plurality of battery racks to a predetermined state of charge (SOC), the predetermined SOC being greater than a 30% SOC.
2. The ESS of claim 1 , wherein the ESS controller comprises:
a forced discharge battery rack setting module configured to set at least one battery rack of the plurality of battery racks to be forcibly discharged, when receiving the fire detection signal from at least one of the fire detectors; and
a discharge order setting module configured to set a discharge order of the at least one battery rack to be forcibly discharged.
3. The ESS of claim 2 , wherein the forced discharge battery rack setting module is configured to:
detect an identification (ID) of a battery rack where the fire is detected by the respective fire detector, and
detect an identification (ID) of at least one battery rack adjacent to the battery rack where the fire is detected, and
wherein the forced discharge battery rack setting module is further configured to perform at least one of:
setting the at least one battery rack adjacent to the battery rack where the fire is detected as a discharge battery rack, or
setting all battery racks constituting the ESS as the discharge battery rack.
4. The ESS of claim 3 , wherein the discharge order setting module is configured to set an order for sequentially discharging the discharge battery rack.
5. The ESS of claim 2 , wherein each switch assembly of the plurality of battery racks comprises:
a main output control switch having a first end connected to the main output line and a second end connected to an output terminal of the respective battery rack; and
a forced discharge control switch having a first end connected to the forced discharge line and a second end connected to an output terminal of the respective battery rack,
wherein in response to a battery rack being set as a forced discharge battery rack, the controller is configured to turn off the respective main output control switch and to turn on the respective forced discharge control switch.
6. The ESS of claim 1 , wherein the forced discharge device is configured to consume a predetermined power capacity within a predetermined time.
7. The ESS of claim 1 , wherein the fire detector detects a temperature of the respective battery rack and a presence of smoke.
8. The ESS of claim 2 , further comprising a vibration detector configured to detect vibration of the ESS,
wherein when a vibration larger than a predetermined vibration is detected by the vibration detector, the forced discharge battery rack setting module is configured to set all the battery racks constituting the ESS as a discharge battery rack.
9. The ESS of claim 3 , wherein the predetermined SOC is approximately a 60% SOC.
10. An energy storage system (ESS) comprising:
a plurality of battery racks;
a forced discharge device configured to forcibly discharge power of the ESS;
a main output line configured to form a current path between the plurality of battery racks and an electronic device;
a forced discharge line configured to form a current path between the plurality of battery racks and the forced discharge device;
an ESS controller configured to set a connection of the plurality of battery racks to one of the main output line and the forced discharge line; and
a vibration detector configured to detect vibration of the ESS,
wherein each of the plurality of battery racks comprises a switch assembly configured to connect the battery rack to the main output line or the forced discharge line under control of the ESS controller, and
wherein each switch assembly is directly connected to the forced discharge line, and
wherein the forced discharge device is configured to discharge at least one battery rack of the plurality of battery racks to a predetermined state of charge (SOC), the predetermined SOC being greater than a 30% SOC.
11. The ESS of claim 10 , wherein when a vibration larger than a predetermined vibration is detected by the vibration detector, each of the battery racks is configured to discharge through the forced discharge device.
12. The ESS of claim 11 , wherein, if a vibration larger than the predetermined vibration is detected, each of the battery racks is configured to discharge to less than approximately a 60% state of charge (SOC).
13. The ESS of claim 10 , wherein the forced discharge device is configured to consume a predetermined power capacity within a predetermined time.
14. The ESS of claim 11 , wherein the predetermined SOC is approximately a 60% SOC.