Method and system for starting an internal combustion engine
A vehicle has a frame, a front suspension assembly, a pair of skis, an endless drive track, and an internal combustion engine. The engine has: a motor-generator having a rotor and a stator, the motor-generator being operable in motor mode and in generator mode; a recoil starter operable to rotate a crankshaft of the engine via the rotor in a same direction as does the motor-generator in generator mode; at least one sensor adapted for sensing at least one engine parameter; and an engine control unit (ECU) receiving a signal from the at least one sensor, the ECU controlling a rotation of the crankshaft by one of the motor-generator and the recoil starter based on the signal.
1. A vehicle comprising:
a frame having a tunnel, an engine cradle portion and a front suspension assembly portion;
a front suspension assembly connected to the front suspension assembly portion;
a pair of skis connected to the front suspension assembly;
an endless drive track disposed at least in part under the tunnel; and
an internal combustion engine supported by the engine cradle portion and operatively connected to the endless drive track, the internal combustion engine comprising:
at least one cylinder;
at least one cylinder head connected to at least one cylinder;
at least one piston disposed in the at least one cylinder;
a crankshaft operatively connected to the at least one piston;
a crankcase housing at least a portion of the crankshaft;
a motor-generator comprising a rotor rotationally fixed to the crankshaft and a stator disposed around the crankshaft, the rotor and the stator being co-axial with the crankshaft, the rotor extending radially outward of the stator, the rotor partially housing the stator, the motor-generator being operable in motor mode to rotate the crankshaft about an axis and in generator mode to generate electricity;
a recoil starter selectively operatively connected to the rotor, the recoil starter operable to rotate the crankshaft via the rotor in a same direction as does the motor-generator in generator mode,
the motor-generator being disposed between the recoil starter and the crankcase in a direction of the axis,
at least a portion of the rotor being disposed between the recoil starter and the stator in the direction of the axis;
a drive pulley of a continuously variable transmission (CVT) operatively connected to the crankshaft,
the motor-generator, the recoil starter, the crankshaft and the drive pulley being coaxial;
at least one sensor adapted for sensing at least one engine parameter; and
an engine control unit receiving a signal from the at least one sensor,
the engine control unit controlling a rotation of the crankshaft by one of the motor-generator and the recoil starter based on the signal received from the at least one sensor.
2. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the engine control unit sends a signal to the motor-generator to rotate the crankshaft only when the recoil starter is in a wound state.
3. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the at least one engine parameter comprises an amount of time elapsed after stopping of the internal combustion engine.
4. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the at least one engine parameter comprises an engine temperature.
5. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the motor-generator and the drive pulley are disposed on opposite sides of the crankcase.
6. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the recoil starter and the drive pulley are disposed on opposite sides of the crankcase.
7. The vehicle of claim 1 , further comprising a housing removably attached to the crankcase, the motor-generator being disposed at least in part inside the housing.
8. The vehicle of claim 7 , further comprising a cover mounted to an end of the housing opposite from the crankcase, the recoil starter being positioned between the cover and the motor-generator.
9. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein:
the recoil starter comprises a rope selectively wound on a reel, the reel being selectively operatively connected to the rotor; and
an end of the crankshaft is disposed between the crankcase and at least a portion of the rope selectively wound on the reel, at least the portion of the rope selectively wound on the reel being offset from the end of the crankshaft.
10. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein:
the motor-generator operates in motor mode to rotate the crankshaft in a reverse direction and to rotate the crankshaft in a forward direction; and
the recoil starter operates to rotate the crankshaft in the forward direction.
11. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cylinder, the at least one cylinder head and the at least one piston define a variable volume combustion chamber therebetween, the internal combustion engine further comprising:
a fuel injector mounted to the cylinder head and adapted for injecting fuel in the variable volume combustion chamber when the crankshaft is rotating in a forward direction; and
a spark plug adapted to ignite the fuel in the variable volume combustion chamber.
12. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the motor-generator operates in generator mode when the crankshaft rotates in a forward direction.
13. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the at least one engine parameter is selected from the group consisting of an engine temperature, an air intake temperature, an atmospheric air pressure, an exhaust temperature, an exhaust pressure and a time elapsed after stopping of the internal combustion engine.
14. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein:
the stator is in a fixed position relative to the internal combustion engine; and
the recoil starter is adapted for engaging the rotor to simultaneously rotate the rotor and the crankshaft.
15. The vehicle of claim 14 , wherein:
the recoil starter is adapted for rotating the rotor in the same direction as does the motor-generator in generator mode and for causing the motor-generator to operate in generator mode; and
the motor-generator is adapted for rotating the crankshaft in motor mode in the same direction as in generator mode.
16. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the motor-generator is further adapted to receive power from a capacitor for rotating the crankshaft in the same direction as in generator mode.
17. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the recoil starter is selectively operatively connected to the rotor at a position radially offset from the crankshaft on the portion of the rotor.