Voltage multiple circuit
In an embodiment, a voltage multiplier comprises an input node, an output node, and first and second control nodes for receiving first and second clock signals defining two commutation states. An ordered sequence of intermediate nodes is coupled between the input and output nodes and includes two ordered sub-sequences. Capacitors are coupled: between each odd intermediate node in the first sub-sequence and the first control node; between each even intermediate node in the first sub-sequence and the second control node; between each odd intermediate node in the second sub-sequence and a corresponding odd intermediate node in the first sub-sequence; and between each even intermediate node in the second sub-sequence and a corresponding even intermediate node in the first sub-sequence. The circuit comprises selectively conductive electronic components coupled to the intermediate nodes.
1. A voltage multiplier circuit, comprising:
a first input node and a second input node configured to be coupled to a voltage source to receive an input voltage therebetween;
a first output node and a second output node configured to be coupled to an output capacitor to produce an output voltage across the output capacitor;
a first input control node configured to receive a first clock signal and a second input control node configured to receive a second clock signal, the second clock signal being in phase opposition to the first clock signal, wherein the voltage multiplier circuit switches between a first commutation state and a second commutation state as a function of the values of the first clock signal and the second clock signal;
an ordered sequence of intermediate voltage nodes arranged between the first input node and the first output node, the ordered sequence comprising a first ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes and a second ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes;
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and the first input control node, wherein a first intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence is configured to be selectively couplable to the first input node;
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and the second input control node;
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence;
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence; and a first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components coupled to the intermediate voltage nodes of the ordered sequence, the first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components comprising transistors arranged in a string between the first input node and the first output node, the intermediate voltage nodes located between subsequent transistors of the string,
wherein, in the first commutation state of the voltage multiplier circuit, the first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components is configured to provide electrically-conductive paths between each of the even-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the ordered sequence and a respective next odd-numbered intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence, an electrically-conductive path between the first input node and the first intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence, and an electrically-conductive path between a last intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence and the first output node, and
wherein, in the second commutation state of the voltage multiplier circuit, the first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components is configured to provide electrically conductive paths between each of the odd-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the ordered sequence and a respective next even-numbered intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence.
2. The voltage multiplier circuit of claim 1 , further comprising control circuitry configured to activate the transistors to be conductive from the first input node towards the first output node as a function of the values of the first clock signal and the second clock signal.
3. The voltage multiplier circuit of claim 1 , further comprising control circuitry configured to activate the transistors to be conductive from the first output node towards the first input node as a function of the values of the first clock signal and the second clock signal.
4. The voltage multiplier circuit of claim 1 , further comprising:
a further ordered sequence of intermediate voltage nodes arranged between the first input node and the first output node, the further ordered sequence comprising a respective first ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes and a respective second ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes;
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence and the second input control node, wherein a first intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence is configured to be selectively couplable to the first input node;
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence and the first input control node;
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence and a corresponding odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence; and
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence and a corresponding even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence; and
a further plurality of selectively conductive electronic components coupled to the intermediate voltage nodes of the further ordered sequence, wherein:
in the first commutation state of the voltage multiplier circuit, the further plurality of selectively conductive electronic components is configured to provide electrically-conductive paths between each of the odd-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the further ordered sequence and a respective next even-numbered intermediate voltage node of the further ordered sequence, and
in the second commutation state of the voltage multiplier circuit, the further plurality of selectively conductive electronic components is configured to provide electrically-conductive paths between each of the even-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the further ordered sequence and a respective next odd-numbered intermediate voltage node of the further ordered sequence, an electrically-conductive path between the first input node and the first intermediate voltage node of the further ordered sequence, and an electrically-conductive path between a last intermediate voltage node of the further ordered sequence and the first output node.
5. The voltage multiplier circuit of claim 1 , wherein the ordered sequence of intermediate voltage nodes comprises at least one third ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes, the voltage multiplier circuit further comprising:
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the at least one third ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in a preceding ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence; and
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the at least one third ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the preceding ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence.
6. The voltage multiplier circuit of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first clock generator coupled to the first input control node, the first clock generator configured to produce the first clock signal; and
a second clock generator coupled to the second input control node, the second clock generator configured to produce the second clock signal in phase opposition to the first clock signal.
7. The voltage multiplier circuit of claim 1 , wherein the voltage multiplier circuit is implemented in a semiconductor chip.
8. An integrated circuit, comprising:
an input node configured to receive an input voltage;
an output node configured to be coupled to an output capacitor and configured to produce an output voltage higher than the input voltage;
a first input control node configured to receive a first clock signal;
a second input control node configured to receive a second clock signal, the second clock signal being in phase opposition to the first clock signal, wherein the integrated circuit switches between a first commutation state and a second commutation state as a function of the first and second clock signals;
an ordered sequence of intermediate voltage nodes arranged between the input node and the output node, the ordered sequence comprising a first ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes and a second ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes;
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and the first input control node, wherein a first intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence is configured to be selectively couplable to the input node;
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and the second input control node;
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence;
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence; and
a first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components coupled to the intermediate voltage nodes of the ordered sequence, the first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components comprising transistors arranged in a string between the input node and the output node, the intermediate voltage nodes located between subsequent transistors of the string,
wherein, in the first commutation state, the first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components is configured to provide electrically-conductive paths between each of the even-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the ordered sequence and a respective next odd-numbered intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence, an electrically-conductive path between the input node and the first intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence, and an electrically-conductive path between a last intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence and the output node, and
wherein, in the second commutation state, the first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components is configured to provide electrically-conductive paths between each of the odd-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the ordered sequence and a respective next even-numbered intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence.
9. The integrated circuit of claim 8 , further comprising control circuitry configured to activate the transistors to be conductive from the input node towards the output node as a function of the values of the first clock signal and the second clock signal.
10. The integrated circuit of claim 8 , further comprising control circuitry configured to activate the transistors to be conductive from the output node towards the input node as a function of the values of the first clock signal and the second clock signal.
11. The integrated circuit of claim 8 , further comprising:
a further ordered sequence of intermediate voltage nodes arranged between the input node and the output node, the further ordered sequence comprising a respective first ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes and a respective second ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes;
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence and the second input control node, wherein a first intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence is configured to be selectively couplable to the input node;
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence and the first input control node;
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence and a corresponding odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence; and
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence and a corresponding even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the further ordered sequence; and
a further plurality of selectively conductive electronic components coupled to the intermediate voltage nodes of the further ordered sequence, wherein:
in the first commutation state of the integrated circuit, the further plurality of selectively conductive electronic components is configured to provide electrically-conductive paths between each of the odd-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the further ordered sequence and a respective next even-numbered intermediate voltage node of the further ordered sequence, and
in the second commutation state of the integrated circuit, the further plurality of selectively conductive electronic components is configured to provide electrically-conductive paths between each of the even-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the further ordered sequence and a respective next odd-numbered intermediate voltage node of the further ordered sequence, an electrically-conductive path between the input node and the first intermediate voltage node of the further ordered sequence, and an electrically-conductive path between a last intermediate voltage node of the further ordered sequence and the output node.
12. The integrated circuit of claim 8 , wherein the ordered sequence of intermediate voltage nodes comprises at least one third ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes, the integrated circuit further comprising:
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the at least one third ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in a preceding ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence; and
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the at least one third ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the preceding ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence.
13. The integrated circuit of claim 8 , further comprising:
a first clock generator coupled to the first input control node, the first clock generator configured to produce the first clock signal; and
a second clock generator coupled to the second input control node, the second clock generator configured to produce the second clock signal in phase opposition to the first clock signal.
14. The integrated circuit of claim 8 , wherein the integrated circuit is implemented in a semiconductor chip.
15. A method, comprising:
receiving, at an input node of a voltage multiplier circuit, an input voltage;
generating, at an output node of the voltage multiplier circuit, an output voltage, the output node coupled to an output capacitor, the output voltage being higher than the input voltage, wherein an ordered sequence of intermediate voltage nodes is arranged between the input node and the output node, the ordered sequence comprising a first ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes and a second ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes, wherein a respective capacitor is coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence, wherein a respective capacitor is coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the second ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence, and wherein a first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components is coupled to the intermediate voltage nodes of the ordered sequence;
receiving a first clock signal at a first input control node, wherein a respective capacitor is coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and the first input control node, wherein a first intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence is selectively couplable to the input node;
receiving a second clock signal at a second input control node, the second clock signal being in phase opposition to the first clock signal, wherein a respective capacitor is coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the first ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and the second input control node;
switching between a first commutation state and a second commutation state based on the first and second clock signals;
in the first commutation state, providing, using the first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components, electrically-conductive paths between each of the even-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the ordered sequence and a respective next odd-numbered intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence, an electrically-conductive path between the input node and the first intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence, and an electrically-conductive path between a last intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence and the output node, the first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components comprising transistors arranged in a string between the input node and the output node, the intermediate voltage nodes located between subsequent transistors of the string; and
in the second commutation state, providing, using the first plurality of selectively conductive electronic components, electrically-conductive paths between each of the odd-numbered intermediate voltage nodes of the ordered sequence and a respective next even-numbered intermediate voltage node of the ordered sequence.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the voltage multiplier circuit is implemented in a semiconductor chip.
17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
producing, by a first clock generator coupled to the first input control node, the first clock signal; and
producing, by a second clock generator coupled to the second input control node, the second clock signal.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the ordered sequence of intermediate voltage nodes comprises at least one third ordered sub-sequence of intermediate voltage nodes, the voltage multiplier circuit further comprising:
a respective capacitor coupled between each odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in the at least one third ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding odd-numbered intermediate voltage node in a preceding ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence; and
a respective capacitor coupled between each even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the at least one third ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence and a corresponding even-numbered intermediate voltage node in the preceding ordered sub-sequence of the ordered sequence.
19. The method of claim 15 , further comprising activating, by a control circuitry, the transistors to be conductive from the input node towards the output node as a function of the values of the first clock signal and the second clock signal.
20. The method of claim 15 , further comprising activating, by a control circuitry, the transistors to be conductive from the output node towards the input node as a function of the values of the first clock signal and the second clock signal.