Reaction chamber for supercritical water oxidation reactor
Fuel mixed in water is combusted in a reactor having an internal operating pressure and temperature greater than 3200 psi and greater than 374° C., where the combustion of the fuel is exothermic. Air and fuel are pressurized for introduction into the reactor to a pressure greater than the internal operating pressure using energy generated from the combustion of the fuel, and the pressurized air and the pressurized fuel are injected into the reactor. Pressurized water from the reactor is injected into a drive water column that is partially filled with water to increase a pressure of the drive water column, and water at a temperature less than 100° C. is injected into the reactor to replace water from the reactor that is injected into the drive water column. Pressurized water from the drive water column is used to drive a hydroelectric drive system to produce electrical power.
1. A method comprising, in a reaction chamber having an outer vessel and a first inner vessel located within a hollow cavity defined by walls of the outer vessel, the first inner vessel having one or more walls that define an interior of the first inner vessel, the interior containing liquid, the liquid having a temperature greater than 350° C. and a pressure greater than 3200 psi, and the one or more walls defining a longitudinal axis in the interior of the first inner vessel:
injecting combustible fuel into the interior of the first inner vessel in a direction, such that the introduced fuel creates a cyclonic rotation of the liquid in the interior of the first inner vessel about the longitudinal axis;
injecting water having a temperature less than 100° C. into a first water jacket space between the first inner vessel and the outer vessel; and
removing water from the interior of the first inner vessel, wherein water injected into the first water jacket space and removed from the interior of the first inner vessel flows through the first water jacket space around the one or more walls of the first inner vessel before entering the first inner vessel though an open end of the first inner vessel.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the outer vessel includes metal, and wherein the first inner vessel includes glass.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the reaction chamber includes a second inner vessel within the hollow cavity, the second inner vessel having one or more side walls between the first inner vessel and a wall of the outer vessel; and
the water injected into the first water jacket space and removed from the interior of the first inner vessel flows through the first water jacket space around the one or more walls of the first inner vessel and through a second water jacket space between the one or more side walls of the second inner vessel and the first inner vessel before entering the first inner vessel though the open end of the first inner vessel.
4. The method of claim 1 ,
wherein removing water from the interior of the first inner vessel includes removing mineral-rich water from the first inner vessel through a first port having an opening in the interior of the first inner vessel a distance away from the longitudinal axis and removing mineral-poor water from the first inner vessel through a second port having an opening in the interior of the first inner vessel along the longitudinal axis.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the outer vessel includes metal, and wherein the first inner vessel includes ceramic.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the direction in which the combustible fuel is injected into the interior of the first inner vessel is angled upward, with respect to a direction of gravity.