Slip apparatus and methods of using same
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a slip apparatus and methods of using same. The slips apparatus is configured to grip and hold a portion of a tubular, or a string of tubulars, within a central bore of the slips apparatus so that a tubular can be added or removed from the string of tubulars during drilling or other operations at a well.
1. A slips apparatus that is connectible with a rotary table and for gripping a tubular extending through an aperture of the rotary table, the slips apparatus comprising:
(a) at least three opposed non-gripping components, each defining an inner non-gripping surface that defines one or more protruding surfaces with each protruding surface defining an upper ramp section and a first abutting portion that is substantially flat;
(b) at least three opposed gripping components that each define an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein each outer surface defines one or more protruding surfaces with each protruding surface defining a lower ramp section and a second abutting portion that is substantially flat, and wherein the inner surfaces define a central bore; and
(c) at least three actuator assemblies, each of which is operatively configured to radially move one of the at least three opposed gripping components between a first position and a second position and to generate a clamping force in the second position,
wherein the first position is radially outward and upward relative to the second position with the lower ramp section positioned above or upon the upper ramp section,
wherein, in the first position, each of the at least three opposed gripping components is positioned at a non-parallel angle relative to a central axis of the central bore, and
wherein, in the second position, the first abutting portion abuts the second abutting portion so that the inner surface of each of the at least three opposed gripping components is positioned substantially parallel to the central axis and the at least three opposed gripping components are configured to apply the clamping force generated by each of the at least three actuator assemblies to grip a portion of an outer surface of the tubular extending through the aperture of the rotary table and that is positioned within the central bore.
2. The slips apparatus of claim 1 , wherein in the first position, an upper portion of the at least three opposed gripping components are positioned a first distance from the central axis and a lower portion of the at least three opposed gripping components are positioned a second distance from the central axis, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance.
3. The slips apparatus of claim 1 , wherein in the second position, an upper portion of the at least three opposed gripping components are positioned substantially the same distance from the central axis as a lower portion of the at least three opposed gripping components.
4. The slips apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each inner surface of the at least three opposed gripping components each further comprise a die set that is configured to grip the outer surface of the tubular.
5. The slips apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising at least three cam assemblies, each cam assembly comprising a first cam member that is defined on the inner non-gripping surface of one of the at least three non-gripping components and a second cam member that is defined on the outer surface of one of the at least three gripping components, wherein each cam assembly is configured to guide one of the at least three gripping components between the first position and the second position.
6. The slips apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the first cam member defines a channel that is configured to receive and to slidingly guide the second cam member as the at least three opposed gripping components move between the first position and the second position.
7. The slips apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the second cam member defines a channel that is configured to receive and to slidingly guide the first cam member as the at least three opposed gripping components move between the first position and the second position.
8. The slips apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the at least three actuator assemblies comprises an actuator that is directly and pivotably connected at a first end to an associated non-gripping component and at a second end to an associated gripping component.
9. The slips apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the first end of the actuator comprises a pivotable connection member that has at least two degrees of freedom.
10. The slips apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the protruding surfaces of each of at least three opposed non-gripping components defines an actuator assembly channel that is configured to receive one or more portions of an associated actuator assembly as the at least three opposed gripping components move between the first position and the second position.
11. The slips apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least three actuator assemblies are hydraulically powered.